Effects of Son Preference and Sociodemographic Determinants on Parity Progression in Bangladesh

This study aims to determine whether son preference exists in Bangladesh and to identify the different socio-demographic factors that have affected women’s movement from one parity to another. The analysis was carried out on 17,006 women selected from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey of 2017/18 who at the time of interview met the criteria of being married and had at least one living child. The probability of women’s movement from parity to parity was assessed using the binary logistic regression method. The effect of variables such as the education of women and their partner’s education, work status of woman, partner’s profession, age at first marriage, place of residence, religion, access to mass media, wealth index, and the administrative division were important determinants of the parity progression of women. The study found that parity movement is also associated with the number of living sons. At parity 2 and parity 3, women with no sons were more likely to move to the next parity than those with at least one son. Moreover, having a higher-level education, living in an urban area, and having access to mass media were found to be significant factors in terms of decreasing the odds of women’s movement from parity to next parity. Additionally, respondents from the Chittagong and Sylhet divisions were more likely to have subsequent births than those from other divisions

Factors Affecting an Age at First Marriage among Female Adolescents in Bangladesh

The aim of this paper is to study the factors associated with age at first marriage among female adolescents utilizing the nationally representative survey data of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2007. Logistic regression analyses have been used to study the factors affecting on age at first marriage in Bangladesh. Respondent’s educations, husband’s education, region and working status of respondents are found to have significant effect on age at first marriage. Findings need to be scientifically utilized in developing suitable programs addressing the case of early marriage, particularly in Barisal, Khulna and Rajshahi. Keywords: Adolescence, Age at first marriage, Contingency table, Odds ratio

Career Preference of Business Graduate in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Some Selected Private Universities

This paper attempts to investigate the career preference of business graduates of private universities in Bangladesh. A total number of 256 final year business students, irrespective of gender in 15 private universities located in Dhaka city have been interviewed. Majority of the respondents’ preferred field for future career development are banks and multinational companies. More than average of the total respondents plans to seek employment in their chosen field specially after obtaining the bachelor's degree. The major business courses that have been chosen by the business undergraduate students for specialization are finance and banking, human resource management, accounting and marketing. Financial benefit and social status were the major motivations for the business graduates’ career preference. In case of major reasons of motivation, the male respondents are highly influenced by the financial benefit, social status and good opportunities in the chosen field. On the other hand, the female respondents identified financial benefit, social status and job security as their most influencing reasons behind career preference

Career Preference of Business Graduate in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Some Selected Private Universities

This paper attempts to investigate the career preference of business graduates of private universities in Bangladesh. A total number of 256 final year business students, irrespective of gender in 15 private universities located in Dhaka city have been interviewed. Majority of the respondents ’ preferred field for future career development are banks and multinational companies. More than average of the total respondents plans to seek employment in their chosen field specially after obtaining the bachelor's degree. The major business courses that have been chosen by the business undergraduate students for specialization are finance and banking, human resource management, accounting and marketing. Financial benefit and social status were the major motivations for the business graduates ’ career preference. In case of major reasons of motivation, the male respondents are highly influenced by the financial benefit, social status and good opportunities in the chosen field. On the other hand, the female respondents identified financial benefit, social status and job security as their most influencing reasons behind career preference

Farmers Guidebook on Carp Production

A comprehensive guideline for smallholder farmers on commercial carp fish farming and dyke cropping

Antimicrobial and Antiviral (SARS-CoV-2) Potential of Cannabinoids and Cannabis sativa: A Comprehensive Review

Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a global health crisis and, therefore, new drug discovery is a paramount need. Cannabis sativa contains hundreds of chemical constituents produced by secondary metabolism, exerting outstanding antimicrobial, antiviral, and therapeutic properties. This paper comprehensively reviews the antimicrobial and antiviral (particularly against SARS-CoV-2) properties of C. sativa with the potential for new antibiotic drug and/or natural antimicrobial agents for industrial or agricultural use, and their therapeutic potential against the newly emerged coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Cannabis compounds have good potential as drug candidates for new antibiotics, even for some of the WHO’s current priority list of resistant pathogens. Recent studies revealed that cannabinoids seem to have stable conformations with the binding pocket of the Mpro enzyme of SARS-CoV-2, which has a pivotal role in viral replication and transcription. They are found to be suppressive of viral entry and viral activation by downregulating the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2 enzymes in the host cellular system. The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids as anti-inflammatory compounds is hypothesized for the treatment of COVID-19. However, more systemic investigations are warranted to establish the best efficacy and their toxic effects, followed by preclinical trials on a large number of participants

Rhamnopyranoside-Based Fatty Acid Esters as Antimicrobials: Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, PASS, Antimicrobial, and Molecular Docking Studies

The most widely used and accessible monosaccharides have a number of stereogenic centers that have been hydroxylated and are challenging to chemically separate. As a result, the task of regioselective derivatization of such structures is particularly difficult. Considering this fact and to get novel rhamnopyranoside-based esters, DMAP-catalyzed di-O-stearoylation of methyl α-l-rhamnopyranoside (3) produced a mixture of 2,3-di-O- (4) and 3,4-di-O-stearates (5) (ratio 2:3) indicating the reactivity of the hydroxylated stereogenic centers of rhamnopyranoside as 3-OH > 4-OH > 2-OH. To get novel biologically active rhamnose esters, di-O-stearates 4 and 5 were converted into six 4-O- and 2-O-esters 6–11, which were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectral techniques. In vitro antimicrobial assays revealed that fully esterified rhamnopyranosides 6–11 with maximum lipophilic character showed better antifungal susceptibility than antibacterial activity. These experimental findings are similar to the results found from PASS analysis data. Furthermore, the pentanoyl derivative of 2,3-di-O-stearate (compound 6) showed better antifungal functionality against F. equiseti and A. flavus, which were found to be better than standard antibiotics. To validate the better antifungal results, molecular docking of the rhamnose esters 4–11 was performed with lanosterol 14α-demethylase (PDB ID: 3LD6), including the standard antifungal antibiotics ketoconazole and fluconazole. In this instance, the binding affinities of 10 (−7.6 kcal/mol), 9 (−7.5 kcal/mol), and 7 (−6.9 kcal/mol) were better and comparable to fluconazole (−7.3 kcal/mol), indicating the likelihood of their use as non-azole type antifungal drugs in the future

Residual effects of two consecutive applications of municipal solid waste compost and fertilizers on biomass production and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the residual effects of municipal solid waste (MSW) compost and inorganic fertilizer on the yield, biomass production and nutrient uptake of rice. The treatments used in the experiment were: T0 (no fertilizer/compost), T1 (100% recommended doses of NPKS), T2 (compost 5.0 t/ha), T3 (compost 5 t/ha +100% RDF), T4 (compost 7.5 t/ha), T5 (compost 7.5 t/ha +100% RDF), T6 (compost 10 t/ha), T7 (compost 10 t/ha +100% RDF) and T8 (compost 20 t/ha). Residual effects of MSW (10 t/ha) with 100% RDF (T7) produced the highest grain (5.15 t/ha) and straw (7.21 t/ha) yield. The NPKS uptake by BINAdhan7 was markedly influenced by the residual effects of MSW compost and inorganic fertilizers. Municipal solid waste compost with 100% RDF was found to exert the best residual effect for obtaining the maximum yield of rice

Rhamnopyranoside-Based Fatty Acid Esters as Antimicrobials: Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, PASS, Antimicrobial, and Molecular Docking Studies

The most widely used and accessible monosaccharides have a number of stereogenic centers that have been hydroxylated and are challenging to chemically separate. As a result, the task of regioselective derivatization of such structures is particularly difficult. Considering this fact and to get novel rhamnopyranoside-based esters, DMAP-catalyzed di-O-stearoylation of methyl α-l-rhamnopyranoside (3) produced a mixture of 2,3-di-O- (4) and 3,4-di-O-stearates (5) (ratio 2:3) indicating the reactivity of the hydroxylated stereogenic centers of rhamnopyranoside as 3-OH > 4-OH > 2-OH. To get novel biologically active rhamnose esters, di-O-stearates 4 and 5 were converted into six 4-O- and 2-O-esters 6–11, which were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectral techniques. In vitro antimicrobial assays revealed that fully esterified rhamnopyranosides 6–11 with maximum lipophilic character showed better antifungal susceptibility than antibacterial activity. These experimental findings are similar to the results found from PASS analysis data. Furthermore, the pentanoyl derivative of 2,3-di-O-stearate (compound 6) showed better antifungal functionality against F. equiseti and A. flavus, which were found to be better than standard antibiotics. To validate the better antifungal results, molecular docking of the rhamnose esters 4–11 was performed with lanosterol 14α-demethylase (PDB ID: 3LD6), including the standard antifungal antibiotics ketoconazole and fluconazole. In this instance, the binding affinities of 10 (−7.6 kcal/mol), 9 (−7.5 kcal/mol), and 7 (−6.9 kcal/mol) were better and comparable to fluconazole (−7.3 kcal/mol), indicating the likelihood of their use as non-azole type antifungal drugs in the future