The Role of Greenways for Cultural and Historical Continuity in New Urbanism: A Case Study for Halic

Urban open spaces present the good quality of life to communities. Open space systems must be considered as a sub-system of the urban infrastructure for creating the livable cities and the sustainability in rapid urban growth process. It has accepted to determine the necessities of some policies, finance managements and application tools to build the green infrastructure. When Istanbul metropolitan city has been investigated in this concept, some requirements that need functional and spatial connectivity, environmental protection and recreational opportunities for citizens appear in the environmentally insufficient areas. The landscape planning that will respond these negativenesses, present some solutions, provide some opportunities and prevent disappearance of the urban open spaces constitutes the conceptual framework of this study. In the last two decades, the modern landscape planning concept that called “greenway planning†in 21. century, the planners concern this concept with the aims of the nature protection that balances for both conservation and growth, creating livable environment and maintain open spaces. By enriching the existing green spaces and increasing their uses, helping to emphasize the values of the poor resources and linking them with each other. The firstly aim of the study is to define the greenway concept that is useful for urban metropolis. Greenway that is a special kind of linear landscape, represent the potential linking landscape features as historical/cultural, natural and recreational. Greenways has become a tool to reach the natural life by providing linkage to housing and parks, by saving unique elements of the natural and cultural heritage that is important for public recreation in this century. The second aim of the study is to define a methodology that is useful for greenway planning for Istanbul by adopting from planning methods in Europe and America to create areas that provide recreational an environmental benefits and the places that people escape from the urban stress of the daily life in there. After explaining the opportunities and benefits of the greenway for urban settlements, in this study the main purpose is to define the greenway like a solution and examine the feasibility of greenway that links the natural resources, parks, historical and cultural sites with each other or residential areas in some situations for Istanbul metropolitan city in which the green areas are disappeared with urbanization pressure. It was determined the planning principles in application phase by investigating the applied projects, concluded the study in local scale and emphasize Halic greenway plan like the beginning of the whole greenway plan of Istanbul.

The Role of Greenways for Cultural and Historical Continuity in New Urbanism: A Case Study for Halic

Urban open spaces present the good quality of life to communities. Open space systems must be considered as a sub-system of the urban infrastructure for creating the livable cities and the sustainability in rapid urban growth process. It has accepted to determine the necessities of some policies, finance managements and application tools to build the green infrastructure. When Istanbul metropolitan city has been investigated in this concept, some requirements that need functional and spatial connectivity, environmental protection and recreational opportunities for citizens appear in the environmentally insufficient areas. The landscape planning that will respond these negativenesses, present some solutions, provide some opportunities and prevent disappearance of the urban open spaces constitutes the conceptual framework of this study. In the last two decades, the modern landscape planning concept that called "greenway planning" in 21. century, the planners concern this concept with the aims of the nature protection that balances for both conservation and growth, creating livable environment and maintain open spaces. By enriching the existing green spaces and increasing their uses, helping to emphasize the values of the poor resources and linking them with each other. The firstly aim of the study is to define the greenway concept that is useful for urban metropolis. Greenway that is a special kind of linear landscape, represent the potential linking landscape features as historical/cultural, natural and recreational. Greenways has become a tool to reach the natural life by providing linkage to housing and parks, by saving unique elements of the natural and cultural heritage that is important for public recreation in this century. The second aim of the study is to define a methodology that is useful for greenway planning for Istanbul by adopting from planning methods in Europe and America to create areas that provide recreational an environmental benefits and the places that people escape from the urban stress of the daily life in there. After explaining the opportunities and benefits of the greenway for urban settlements, in this study the main purpose is to define the greenway like a solution and examine the feasibility of greenway that links the natural resources, parks, historical and cultural sites with each other or residential areas in some situations for Istanbul metropolitan city in which the green areas are disappeared with urbanization pressure. It was determined the planning principles in application phase by investigating the applied projects, concluded the study in local scale and emphasize Halic greenway plan like the beginning of the whole greenway plan of Istanbul

A rare complication of the Sistrunk’s procedure in thyroglossal duct remnant: tracheal injury

Management of thyroglossal duct remnants (TGDRs) is a common clinical concern in childhood. A girl with an unusual complication of tracheal injury secondary to the Sistrunk’s procedure is presented and discussed with regard to the relevant literature on airway injuries during the procedure. Surgical resection is an optimal choice of therapy in TGDRs and may be associated with high morbidity, especially recurrence. Although the Sistrunk’s procedure is a safe and successful technique, lifethreatening complications should be kept in mind during the management of TGDRs

Complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in hydrocephalic children: a case report and a review of the literature

This case study was carried out to focus on three unusual cases of complications in hydrocephalic children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPSs) – namely, intestinal obstruction and protrusions of the shunt catheters into the right hemiscrotum. These children were treated at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Behc¸et Uz Children’s Hospital, and at the Department of Neurosurgery, Tepecik Training Hospital. Management of these patients with special emphasis on the literature pertaining to the migration of shunt catheters into the scrotum is reviewed and discussed. Complications of intestinal obstruction and protrusion of the VPS catheters into the scrotum are rarely seen in hydrocephalic children with VPSs. Early identification of these complications is recommended as they may cause life-threatening acute abdominoscrotal conditions, and prompt surgical intervention is necessary not only for immediate treatment of the child but also to ensure good quality of the patient’s life in the long term.Keywords: complication, hydrocephalic children, ventriculoperitoneal shun

Demographic characteristics in patients with short-gap and long-gap esophageal atresia: a comparative study

Background The knowledge of the size of the gap between esophageal ends in esophageal atresia (EA) before surgery is of clinical importance. The aim of this study was to compare the demographic characteristics between patients with short-gap esophageal atresia (SGEA) and long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA).Patients and methods Medical records of all patients managed for EA spectrum in our department between 2003 and 2012 were evaluated, retrospectively. Demographic data included the maternal age, the number of parities and deliveries, the presence of polyhydramnios and the prenatal diagnosis, sex, the gestational age and prematurity, the type of delivery and the birth weight, age at the time of diagnosis and treatment, the presence of associated anomalies including VACTERL-type and non- VACTERL-type anomalies, the type of EA according to Gross classification, and discrepancies between the diameters of atretic esophageal ends. SGEA and LGEA were defined as a gap of less than three vertebral bodies or three or more vertebral bodies in length between the atretic esophageal ends, respectively.Results There were 99 patients treated for the diagnosis of EA spectrum during the study period: 81 in the SGEA group and 18 in the LGEA group. Most of the parameters studied did not differ between the two groups. Type-C EA was more prevalent in patients with SGEA (n= 77/81) and type-A was more frequent in children with LGEA (n= 8/18) (P < 0.05). The frequency of prenatal diagnosis (2.5% for SGEA vs. 22.2% for LGEA) was more common in the LGEA group (P < 0.05). Cesarean section compared with normal vaginal delivery was more commonly seen in both groups (56.8% for SGEA vs. 66.7% for LGEA).Conclusion Most of the demographic parameters were similar between the two groups of patients. However, the frequency of prenatal diagnosis was more common in patients with LGEA. Most of the patients in both groups were delivered by a cesarean section. Type-C EA was more prevalent in patients with SGEA and type-A was more frequent in children with LGEA. Further analysis of this topic is warranted and may be beneficial in revealing the true demographic differences between patients with SGEA and LGEA

A paratubal cyst associated with flegmonous appendicitis: A case report and review of literature

Paratubal cysts (PTCs) are rare clinical entities and are believed to originate from the mesothelium or to be a remnant of Mullerian duct and Wolffian duct. These masses have been reported in all age groups,  beginning from the premenarchial period up to menopause, and are mostly benign. A 14-year-old girl with flegmonous appendicitis diagnosed and treated during the management of PTC is presented. This report shows that PTC and flegmonous appendicitis can be seen together as distinct entities in children.Keywords: children, flegmonous appendicitis, paratubal cys

PRIVATE HOSPITAL CHOICES OF INFERTILE PATIENTS THAT RECIEVED IVF TREATMENT: A PILOT STUDY

Reproduction and resuming the generation is one of the most important and basic instincts of all creatures. One of the biggest hurdles for the implementation of this instinct is infertility. The aim of this research is to determine the factors and the sources of information which are influential for women choosing IVF treatment in private hospitals, and to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the patients with these two variables. Main sample of the study is on 184 women who have received IVF treatment. Snowball sampling method was used as a sampling method. For women who have undergone IVF treatment the four most important factors that influence their choice of private hospitals, respectively; are hospital expertise in the field, the opportunity to be able to continue with the same physician during the treatment period, to be compelled and pregnancy success rates of the hospital. Four most important sources of information which are effective in applying to a hospital from the perspective of the patient, respectively; patients who had been treated in the hospital before, information offered to patients by the hospital, radio ads and a relative who works in a hospital

A pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor diagnosed during the management of acute appendicitis

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) are increasingly being discovered. A case of PNET diagnosed and treated during the management of acute appendicitis is presented and discussed. The importance of imaging modalities in patients with acute abdominal pain is emphasized. To the best our knowledge, this is the first pediatric report of PNET and acute appendicitis combination.Keywords: acute appendicitis, children, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumo

A prenatally detected adrenal cyst treated by adrenal-sparing surgery: case report and review of the literature

A neonatal case of left adrenal cyst detected in utero and successfully treated by adrenal-sparing surgery is presented and discussed with review of the literature. Incidentally discovered prenatal adrenal masses present a diagnostic dilemma. Benign and malignant conditions can present as a fetal suprarenal mass. There is a wide spectrum of management modalities ranging from followup by serial sonographic scanning during pregnancy to early primary excision of the mass. We report a neonate with prenatal diagnosis of a cystic mass arising from the left adrenal gland. Postnatal excision of the mass without adrenalectomy was carried out. Frozen sections of the mass and a biopsy of the left adrenal gland confirmed the benign nature of the cyst and normal adrenal tissue. The uniloculated cyst was reported as a pseudocyst. After surgery, the recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 4 days postoperatively in good condition. On the basis of this case and review of the literature, we may conclude that early primary surgical excision is recommended for either diagnosis or treatment if the results of prenatal or postnatal imaging studies are unreliable for the precise diagnosis of suprarenal mass. Adrenal-sparing surgery is recommended if pathological evaluation of frozen sections has confirmed the benign nature of the mass.Keywords: adrenal-sparing surgery, neonates, prenatal diagnosis, suprarenal cys

Montmorillonite K10-induced decomposition of methyl N-phenylcarbamate to phenylisocyanate and its prospect for recovering isocyanates from polyurethanes

The significant growth of the production and use of flexible polyurethane (PU) foam causes increased waste accumulation, thereby creating a demand for the recycling of PU. While upgrading PU materials to recycled polyols has been studied in detail, the recovery of diisocyanates is a longstanding challenge. Montmorillonite K10 (MK10) has been proposed as a catalyst to convert carbamates into isocyanates, but its prospects are unclear. Here, the MK10-catalyzed decomposition of methyl phenylcarbamate (MPC) into phenylisocyanate (PI) and the side product N,N’-diphenylurea (DPU) has been studied as a model reaction for the decomposition of PU foam and the potential recovery of PI. The effects of the amount of catalyst, the temperature, and the solvent were investigated by HPLC analyses. Kinetic analysis revealed that the uncatalyzed rate of the MPC decomposition is much lower than the catalyzed rate, indicating that the thermally driven decomposition is negligible. Our results, involving both experimental kinetic studies and models of the kinetics, show that, while MK10 effectively catalyzes the decomposition of MPC, it also causes the formation of aniline, which reacts with PI to form DPU. As a result, large amounts of MK10 favor DPU and prevent the selective formation of PI, and yields of PI &gt;30 % were never observed. Likely, the OH groups of MK10 form covalent bonds with PI, causing a deficiency in the mole balance. Overall, MK10 is unsuited to provide high yields of isocyanates.</p