Monotheism of Religions

The need to follow religions throughout history has been a source of human belief in the existence of a wise creator in the creation of the universe. If we consider the world to be the product of the creation of a wise Creator, we will consider the sending of the Messenger to be the result of His wisdom, and we will reasonably follow His messengers. Now the question is whether at present all the heavenly religions are divine and trusted with the details contained in their holy books, and human beings are free to choose one of them and they are free to choose each of them to be guided or not? The present article, in a descriptive and analytical way, while distinguishing between religions and denominations, proves the necessity of following religions and then categorizes religions throughout history and studies the three world religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam and compares their divine books. As a result of this research and according to the traditional and rational reasons, it has been proven that the pre-Islamic divine books (The Bible) have undergone changes and distortions, and unlike the Qur'an, which has been protected from distortions according to convincing evidences, they are not currently fully trusted. Also, since in the remaining text of these books there are signs of the appearance of the Last Prophet and the necessity of following him, and also according to other evidences, it was proved that the only divine available path is Islam, whose heavenly book is eternal and it is necessary for humankind to follow it

Intermittent Diazepam versus Continuous Phenobarbital to Prevent Recurrence of Febrile Seizures: A Randomized Controlled Trial

How to Cite This Article: Salehiomran MR, Hoseini SM, Ghabeli Juibary A. Intermittent Diazepam Versus Continuous Phenobarbital to Prevent Recurrence of Febrile Seizures: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Iran J Child Neurol. Winter 2016;10(1):21-24.AbstractObjectiveFebrile seizure is the most common neurologic problem in children between 3 months to 5 years old. Two to five percent of children aged less than five yr old will experience it at least one time. This type of seizure is age dependent and its recurrence rate is about 33% overalls and 50% in children less than one yr old.The prophylactic treatment is still controversial, so we conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial to find out the effectiveness of continuous phenobarbital versus intermittent diazepam for febrile seizure.Materials & MethodsThis clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran between March 2008 and October 2010. All children from 6 month to 5 yr old referred to Amirkola Children’s Hospital, Babol, Iran were enrolled in the study. Children with febrile seizure that had indication for prophylaxis but did not receive any prophylaxis previously were enrolled in the study. For prophylactic anti convulsion therapy, patients were divided randomly in two groups. One group received continuous phenobarbital and another treated with intermittent diazepam whenever the children experienced an episode of febrile illness for up to one year after their last convulsion.ResultsOf all 145 studied cases, the recurrent rate in children under prophylaxis with diazepam was 11/71 and in phenobarbital group was 17/74. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate in both groups.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in the effectiveness of phenobarbital and diazepam in prevention of recurrent in febrile seizure and we think that in respect of lower complication rate in diazepam administration, it cloud be better choice than phenobarbital

Psychological Analysis on Autogenesis as Preface to God Cognition (A Comparative Analysis of View Point of Imam Ali ibn Abu Talib --peace be upon him-and Scholars of Education and Pedagogy)

One of the questions which has engaged the mind and soul of many people is: how can fifteen century old teachings of Islam and its guide lines given by Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) and infallible Imams (peace be upon them) can answer the needs of today and how can it lead the way of today’s people to perfection? Is the teaching of Islam compatible with science of today?The present papertries to emphasize on teachings of Islam not belonging to people of specific time period, and have static and variable laws and comprehensive view on every aspect of life. It also performs an analytic and comparative study on viewpoint of psychologists and sayings of Imam Ali's concerning the most fundamental need of humanity; Autogenesis and perfectionism. Probably it may help us answer the above questions and will also help us in manifesting some part of that infallible Imam's endless knowledge

Jewish Fundamentalism in the Context of Political Pragmatism:The Role of the Haredim in Strengthening Extremist Tendencies in the Israeli Regime

Currently, some important Jewish communities in Israel live primarily in the media because of their particular lifestyle and isolationism. They have specific beliefs and particular personal and social lifestyles that are mainly rooted in ancient Judaism. The opinions and beliefs of this community are in line with Jewish (pragmatic) fundamentalists, and therefore hold to the Jewish fundamentalist mandates. The ideas of the community in the social and political context, along with their growing importance - by rapid population growth and effective political presence - have made them an influential stream. Given their efforts to be more influential (in the context of fundamentalist discourse) - particularly in the political arena - and in view of their principles and objectives as well as the demographic and political structure of Israel, it seems that reinforcing this trend will increase tensions. And there will be an increase in extremist tendencies in the Israeli regime and even will include fundamental questions about the identity of the present Israel regime and its future

Measuring customer-based brand equity in the Iranian Lubricants market Case Study: Sepahan oil Company

Purpose – This study seeks to examine the practicality and applications of a customer based brand equity model in the Iranian Lubricants market. Design/methodology/approach – Based on Aaker’s well-known conceptual framework of brand equity, extend by Yoo & Donthu, this study employed structural equation modeling to investigate the causal relationships among the three dimensions of brand equity and overall brand equity in the Lubricants industry. The present study used a sample of 300 actual consumers from sepahan oil company consumer in Tehran. Findings – The findings conclude that brand loyalty and Perceived Quality are influential dimensions of brand equity. Weak support was found for the brand associations / awareness dimension. Research limitations/implications – Future research needs to be done if the results are to be expanded into other regional Iranians markets in light of the significant gaps between different regions. Further research also could strengthen this analysis by adding performance measurement into the model. Practical implications – The paper shows that sepahan brand managers and marketing planners should consider the relative importance of brand equity in their overall brand equity evaluation, and should concentrate their efforts primarily on building brand loyalty. Originality/value – This study contributes to the scant literature testing the applicability of consumer-based brand equity in the Lubricants industry. this study provides important insights about the understanding of Lubricants consumers’ perceptions of overall brand equity and its dimensions. Keywords: Brand equity, Lubricants, brand loyalty, brand associations / awareness, Perceived Quality

Impact of key factors on ANNAMOX and SHARON processes in nitrogenous effluent treatment

Due to the environmental hazards, nitrogenous wastewater treatment is essential and important. In recent decades, novel biological processes such as Annamox and SHARON have developed which are cheaper and more effective compared to conventional processes. In the present study, several significant biological parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, organic carbon, salt concentration, nitrite concentration and sludge retention time (SRT) were investigated. The results showed that SHARON process lowered the need for carbon source while Annamox process without carbon source requirement, was implemented in anaerobic condition. The optimum pH for Annamox process was reported 6.7-8.3. Nitrite and salt concentrations were important control parameters to prevent Annamox bacterial activity. Desired temperature for the bacterial growth was 30-40℃  for Annamox and higher than 25℃ for SHARON, and process efficiencies were not directly related to SRT. Overall, the new biological processes of nitrogen removal were described promising due to the decrease in need for aeration and carbon source and are suitable alternatives for conventional processes

Efficacy of fish oil- and linseed oil-enriched Artemia nauplii on growth performance and stress resistance of tiger barb larvae (Puntius tetrazona)

Fish oil is the important fat source in fish nutrition. High demand for fish oil and low global supply arise a need of alternative oils in fish culture. Plant oils are a good candidate in this case. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of fish oil and linseed oil on growth and stress resistance of tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona) larvae. Artemia nauplii were enriched by 2.5, 5 and 7.5 of each oil. The enriched nauplii were offered to larvae for 14 d. thereafter, fish were fed non-enriched nauplii for another 14 d. At the end of the trial, larvae were subjected to osmotic stress and their survival was recorded. There was no significant difference in final weight, SGR and weight gain among the treatments at day 14. However, oil type and oil levels significantly affected these parameters after 28 d. Fish of 2.5-LO and 5-FO groups showed the best and worst performance, respectively. There was no significant difference in survival rate among the treatments, after 14 and 28 d; however, oil type significantly affected survival of the larvae after osmotic stress. Survival of larvae fed on linseed oil-enriched nauplii was significantly higher than that of those fed on fish oil-enriched nauplii. Linseed oil showed significantly better results in growth performance and stress resistance compared to fish oil. It is concluded that linseed oil is more suitable than fish oil for Artemia enrichment to feed tiger barb larvae. The potential reasons for the better performance of larvae fed on linseed oil-enriched Artemia were discussed