Multi-Elemental Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopic Calibration Problems of the Sequential Extraction Procedure for the Fractionation of the Heavy Metal Content From Aquatic Sediments

For the characterisation of the environmental mobility of heavy metal contamination in aquatic sediments, the EU Bureau of Reference has proposed a fractionation by sequential extraction procedure. For its validation, the CRM-701 sample is available containing Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. In this paper, the matrix-matched calibration problems are presented. A multi-elemental inductively coupled plasma-optical emission technique is employed for the detection of heavy metals in the extracts. It was established that the sensitivities are strongly influenced by the extractants, which causes significant matrix effects: the sensitivities are strongly influenced by the solvents applied in extraction steps; the summarised recoveries show an acceptable agreement with the certified values; however, in the individual extraction steps for certain elements significant differences may occur due to the neglected interferences. Therefore, further optimisation is required utilising the flexible line selection possibility offered by the HORIBA Jobin Yvon ACTIVA-M instrument

Longterm study of transformation of potentially toxic element pollution in soil/water/sediment system by means of fractionation with sequential extraction procedures

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Evaluation of the Heavy Metal Content of the Upper Tisza River Floodplain Soils over the last Decade

In early 2000, two contamination events at Baia Mare first and Baia Borsa second involving large amounts of toxic elements impacted the Hungarian section of the River Tisza with disastrous ecological and economical impacts. We evaluated the sort- and long-term effects of this pollution by determining the total and bioavailable concentrations of potentially toxic metals from soil samples collected along the Tisza (Tivadar, Vásárosnamény, Rakamaz, and Tiszacsege) in 2000 and between 2011 and 2013. The current and previous results were compared in respect of copper and lead contents

Chemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Tanacetum vulgare L. Wild-Growing in Latvia

Funding Information: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 857287 and European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development—development of the medication form from the extract of the leaves of the Latvian traditional medicinal plant tansy and its impact on the sheep digestive tract microbiome and antiparasitic control (22-00-A01612-000007). The project is supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Support Service Republic of Latvia, project no: 22-00-A01612-000007. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.The Tanacetum vulgare L. (Tansy) has several ethnobotanical uses, mostly related to the essential oil and sesquiterpene lactones, whereas information regarding other compounds is scarce. This research is designed to characterize the phenolic compounds (flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins) to analyze the thujone (which is toxic in high concentrations) content and to detect the antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of extracts. The main highlights of our work provide a chemical profile of phenolic compounds of T. vulgare harvested from different regions of Latvia, as well as simultaneously support the ethnomedicinal uses for wild T. vulgare through the integration of phenolic compounds as one of the value constituents of leaves and flowers. The extraction yield was 18 to 20% for leaves and 8 to 16% for flowers. The total phenol content in the extracts of T. vulgare as well as their antioxidant activity was different between collection regions and the aerial parts ranging from 134 to 218 mg GAE/g and 32 to 182 mg L−1, respectively. A remarkable variation in the thujone (α + β) content (0.4% up to 6%) was detected in the extracts. T. vulgare leaf extracts were rich in tannins (up to 19%). According to the parameters detected, the extracts of T. vulgare could be considered promising for the development of new herbal products.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Közönséges differenciálegyenletek a BME Matematika Intézetéből = Ordinary differential equations from the Mathematical Institute of the BUTE

A kutatási feladat két fő célja az volt, hogy eredményeket érjünk el (1) a végtelen dimenziós dinamika, valamint a (2) numerika, pontosabban differenciálegyenletek numerikus analízise területén. (1) Az első céllal kapcsolatos reprezentatív eredmény HORVÁTH MIKLÓS ''Inverse spectral problems and closed exponential systems, Annals of Mathematics 162(2005), 885-918'' dolgozata, amely -- csakúgy mint a kísérő Transactions és Proceedings of the AMS cikkek -- akkor és csak akkor feltételeket ad bizonyos típusú Schrödinger operatorok potenciáljának unicitására. (2) A második céllal kapcsolatos fő eredmény -- közreműködők BÁNHELYI BALÁZS és CSENDES TIBOR (Informatika Intézet, Szeged) -- az az észrevétel, hogy az intervallum aritmetikával támogatott globális optimalizációk elmélete kényelmes keretet biztosít dinamikai rendszerek kaotikus voltának számítógép által segített bizonyítására. Az elméleti újdonság az, hogy az algebrai topógia eszköztára, jelesen a korábbi megközelítésekre annyira jellemző Conley index és a további indexek, legalábbis az esetek egy részében, kiválthatóak a Brouwer-féle fixponttétel alkalmazásával. | The two main goals of the research project have been (1) results in infinite-dimensional dynamics, and (2) results in numerics--more precisely, in the numerics of differential equations. (1) As for the first goal, the representative publication is ''Inverse spectral problems and closed exponential systems, Annals of Mathematics 162(2005), 885-918'' by MIKLÓS HORVÁTH. Together with the accompanying papers in the Transaction and the Proceedings of the AMS, the ''Inverse spectral problems and closed exponential systems'' establishes if and only if conditions on the uniqueness of the potential of certain Schrödinger operators. (2) As for the second goal, the main result - achieved in cooperation with BALÁZS BÁNHELYI and TIBOR CSENDES, Szeged Institute of Informatics--is that interval arithmetics based global optimization constitutes a comfortable framework for computer-assisted proofs of chaotic behaviour of dynamical systems. The theoretical novelty is that tools from algebraic topology including Conley and other indices in earlier approaches can be, at least in several cases, replaced by applications of the Brouwer fixed point theorem

Bioelectrochemical Systems (BES) for Biomethane Production-Review

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have great potential in renewable energy production technologies. BES can generate electricity via Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) or use electric current to synthesize valuable commodities in Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs). Various reactor configurations and operational protocols are increasing rapidly, although industrial-scale operation still faces difficulties. This article reviews the recent BES related to literature, with special attention to electrosynthesis and the most promising reactor configurations. We also attempted to clarify the numerous definitions proposed for BESs. The main components of BES are highlighted. Although the comparison of the various fermentation systems is, we collected useful and generally applicable operational parameters to be used for comparative studies. A brief overview links the appropriate microbes to the optimal reactor design

Improvement of the sequential extraction procedure based on supercritical CO2 and subcritical H2O solvents for the estimation of the environmentally mobile potentially toxic element fractions of sediments and soils

The estimation of environmental risk caused by pollution with potentially toxic elements (PTE) is usually carried out using the (3+1) step sequential extraction procedure suggested in 1993 by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). In the 1st step the water-soluble, exchangeable and carbonate-bound element content is extracted with acetic acid. In 2002 a fractionation procedure based on the application of supercritical CO2, subcritical H2O and of a mixture of subcritical H2O/CO2 was proposed, which allowed the water-soluble and carbonatebound element contents to be extracted separately from sediment or soil samples weighed into the preparative column of a supercritical fluid extractor and diluted with quartz sand in a mass ratio of 1:20. The aim of the present study was to develop a new reduced-size column construction with which this dilution rate could be decreased to 1:2. A kinetic study was performed to determine the extraction time necessary for samples with different carbonate contents and the extracted element contents were compared to the results of the BCR sequential procedure on the same samples. It was established that fractionation using the reduced-size column may be a rapid way to obtain more reliable information on the easily mobilizable (watersoluble and carbonate-bound) PTE content of soils and sediments than was previously available to supplement BCR fractionation