Design study of error-detecting and error correcting shift register

Design of error detecting and error correcting shift registe

Genes involved in barley yellow dwarf virus resistance of maize

KEY MESSAGE: The results of our study suggest that genes involved in general resistance mechanisms of plants contribute to variation of BYDV resistance in maize. ABSTRACT: With increasing winter temperatures in Europe, Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is expected to become a prominent problem in maize cultivation. Breeding for resistance is the best strategy to control the disease and break the transmission cycle of the virus. The objectives of our study were (1) to determine genetic variation with respect to BYDV resistance in a broad germplasm set and (2) to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked to genes that are involved in BYDV resistance. An association mapping population with 267 genotypes representing the world’s maize gene pool was grown in the greenhouse. Plants were inoculated with BYDV-PAV using viruliferous Rhopalosiphum padi. In the association mapping population, we observed considerable genotypic variance for the trait virus extinction as measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and the infection rate. In a genome-wide association study, we observed three SNPs significantly [false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.05] associated with the virus extinction on chromosome 10 explaining together 25 % of the phenotypic variance and five SNPs for the infection rate on chromosomes 4 and 10 explaining together 33 % of the phenotypic variance. The SNPs significantly associated with BYDV resistance can be used in marker assisted selection and will accelerate the breeding process for the development of BYDV resistant maize genotypes. Furthermore, these SNPs were located within genes which were in other organisms described to play a role in general resistance mechanisms. This suggests that these genes contribute to variation of BYDV resistance in maize. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00122-014-2400-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Ground Beetles of Islands in the Western Basin of Lake Erie and the Adjacent Mainland (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Including Cicindelini)

We report 241 species representing 63 genera of ground beetles from the islands of the western basin of Lake Erie and selected mainland sites from a 1991-93 survey, plus specimens examined in public and private collections, and previously published sources. Most species are generally distributed; however, a restricted population of Sphaeroderus schaumii schaumii we rediscovered is no doubt imperiled. Comparison of wing morphotype frequencies of the Lake Erie island species with mainland populations from studies in Ohio and Michigan support a hypothesis that vagility is of increased import in the islands. Regression and correlation analysis show a positive relationship between species number and island area, no correlation between species number and distance from the mainland and an improved fit for a multiple regression which includes collecting effort

Optimization

Paper by F. Hor

The Christology of Acts

The book of Acts was written mainly for history so we would not expect to find much doctrine in it. And yet it is full of doctrine. For this we must thank the Holy Spirit who has preserved it to us by inspiration. St. Luke was inspired with the information necessary to the recording of the speeches we find in the book. These speeches are the chief sources of doctrine in this book though not the only ones. A study of the book for any one doctrine reveals incidentally many other doctrines. This is brought out especially clearly when we consider the book from the viewpoint of the Ecumenical Creeds. The Trinity, e Fatherhood of God, the creation and the preservation of all things by Him are clearly taught. So also we find many references to the Holy Spirit and His work of conversion and sanctification, the church and questions pertaining to it, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body and the life everlasting. Just how many of the articles comprehended under the second article are embodied in Acts we will see as we go along for that is the subject of the present dissertation

Esophoria and Exophoria in Relation to Personality

How Vision Problems Affect Our Lives Nicole Horn Faculty Sponsor: Charles Collyer, Psychology Vision is much more than simply being able to see 20/20. There are a number of different visual problems which can impact how we see and interact with the world around us. One visual skill, which is looked at in this research, is convergence. Convergence is the ability to turn the eyes so that they both focus in on the same object, at the same time, and at the same distance in space. If the eyes either underconverge or overconverge, this can lead to an altered perception of the world. Overconvergence is also known as esophoria, which is defined as a tendency for the eyes to deviate inwards. Underconvergence, or exophoria, is the tendency for the eyes to deviate outwards. Both of these tendencies can affect how people learn, interact with others, and understand their surroundings. This study includes 50 undergraduate students who were tested to see if they have a tendency towards esophoria or exophoria. A survey was also distributed to them with questions about demographics and a section where participants indicated whether they agreed or disagreed with statements regarding the introvert/extrovert scale and the conscientiousness scale, and a section about vision in general; such as, whether the participant wears glasses and can clearly see the classroom board from across the room. Of the 50 participants in this study, 27 exhibited a tendency towards esophoria at far and 29 a tendency towards esophoria at near. One participant had a tendency towards exophoria at far and four had a tendency toward exophoria at near. My research data showed that there is a correlation between conversion ability and feelings of confidence and paying attention to details. Correlations were also found between being able to see clearly at distance and the ability to pay attention to detail, stick to plans, and the preference for order. The results of the surveys were also assessed to determine how many of the participants cannot clearly see the board across the room and how many regularly go to the eye doctor. This study provides insight into the different aspects of personality that visual convergence can affect, as well as aspects of personality that are affected by clear vision. The impact of having undiagnosed vision problems is also explored

Letter from E. F. Horn to Perry M. Colson

Letter from E. F. Horn to Perry M. Colson. The handwritten note is dated 2 May 1907