Microscopic and Macroscopic Stress with Gravitational and Rotational Forces

Many recent papers have questioned Irving and Kirkwood's atomistic expression for stress. In Irving and Kirkwood's approach both interatomic forces and atomic velocities contribute to stress. It is the velocity-dependent part that has been disputed. To help clarify this situation we investigate [1] a fluid in a gravitational field and [2] a steadily rotating solid. For both problems we choose conditions where the two stress contributions, potential and kinetic, are significant. The analytic force-balance solutions of both these problems agree very well with a smooth-particle interpretation of the atomistic Irving-Kirkwood stress tensor.Comment: Fifteen pages with seven figures, revised according to referees' suggestions at Physical Review E. See also Liu and Qiu's arXiv contribution 0810.080

Signal conditioner circuit for photomultiplier tube

Miniaturized circuit improves measurement of radiation dose absorbed in a scintillation crystal. The temperature coefficient of the field-effect transistor gate-source voltage in the isolation amplifier can be readily controlled

Method for retarding dye fading during archival storage of developed color photographic film

Dye fading during archival storage of developed color photographic film is retarded by placing the film in a sealed, opaque vault, introducing a dry, pressurized inert gas into the vault while the latter is vented, and sealing the vault after the air within the vault has been purged and replaced by the inert gas. Preferably, the gas is nitrogen; and the vault is stored at a temperature below room temperature to preserve the color photographic emulsions on the film contained within the vault. For short-term storage, sodium thiocyanate pads charged with water are placed within the vault. For long term storage, the interior of the vault is kept at a low relative humidity

Phase-change materials handbook

Handbook describes relationship between phase-change materials and more conventional thermal control techniques and discusses materials' space and terrestrial applications. Material properties of most promising phase-change materials and purposes and uses of metallic filler materials in phase-change material composites are provided

Religion and the Media in the 21st Century

The relationship between pop music and the urbanspace gives rise to a dialectic which affects both the definitionof music genres and the social concept of the spatialityof major cities. In this article we examine therepresentation of different places in Madrid in differentvideo clips, analyzing their discursive meaning andtheir articulation of identity, related to the values associatedwith certain artists and repertories; that is to say,the configuration of the urban ethos through its representationin musical production

Faith and Field: Christianity, the Environment, and Five Contemporary American Poets

Many poets write about the earth or even about God using the language of nature. And many poets and contemporary authors concern themselves with the state of the environment. However, the poetry of Wendell Berry, James Still, Li-Young Lee, Mary Oliver, and Charles Wright seems to engage different kinds of questions about how humans creatively respond to the earth. Collectively, their responses seem influenced by their connections with Christianity rather than any specific ecological agenda. In all of their poetry lies a sensibility about how humans should interact with the earth. All five of the poets seem to acknowledge humanity’s place on the earth as important without elevating humanity as the most important organism on the earth. Their work presupposes the existence of God or creator and because of this, engages the questions of being human in light of that Creator rather than as creators of their own environment or as the architecture of imagination. Their work offers an important insight into how we might live in harmony with all environments—agricultural, rural, wild or urban. Their work also suggests a connection between the Christian concept of worship, and a way of living that takes responsibility for human actions within creation. Their poetry recognizes the earth’s value as well as God’s presence and results in praise of both the beauty of creation and Creator