47 research outputs found
Technology and culture: Genetics and its ethical and social implications in Asia and Europe
On 17-18 March, 2007, the Center for Ethics of Science and Technology (CEST), Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, (in collaboration with the European Academy of Environment and Economy, Germany), organised an international workshop on âTechnology and Culture: Genetics and its Ethical and Social Implications in Asia and Europe.â The workshop was part of the Eighth Asian Bioethics Conference, and also part of the Asia-Europe Workshop Series 2006/2007 organised by the Asia Europe Foundation and the European Alliance for Asian Studies
Thai visitorsâ expectations and experiences of explainer interaction within a science museum context
Š The Author(s) 2015. In Western literature, there is evidence that museum explainers offer significant potential for enhancing visitorsâ learning through influencing their knowledge, content, action, behaviour and attitudes. However, little research has focused on the role of explainers in other cultural contexts. This study explored interactions between visitors and museum explainers within the setting of Thailand. Two questionnaires were distributed to 600 visitors and 41 museum explainers. The results demonstrated both potential similarities and differences with Western contexts. Explainers appeared to prefer didactic approaches, focussing on factual knowledge rather than encouraging deep learning. Two-way communication, however, appeared to be enhanced by the use of a âpseudo-sibling relationshipâ by explainers. Traditional Thai social reserve was reduced through such approaches, with visitors taking on active learning roles. These findings have implications for training museum explainers in non-Western cultures, as well as museum communication practice more generally
Development and validation of the Online Histrionic Personality Scale (OHPS) using the DSM-5 criteria for Histrionic Personality Disorder
The present study evaluated personality presentation in online environments in terms of histrionic personality. The aim of the study was to develop the Online Histrionic Personality Scale (OHPS). The OHPS was developed using the diagnostic criteria for histrionic personality disorder (HPD) in the DSM-5 and assesses histrionic behavior in online environments. The present study comprised 381 university students (219 females and 162 males) from four different samples. The validity of the OHPS was investigated utilizing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion validity. As a result of the EFA, a single-factor structure with an eigenvalue of 3.850 was found and accounted for 48.12% of the total variance. This one-dimensional structure was tested with CFA in two different samples. CFA results show that OHPS had an acceptable fit. The criterion validity of the OHPS was examined with the Desire for Being Liked Scale (DBLS) and the Histrionic Personality Belief subscale of the Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-STF). Analysis showed that the OHPS was significantly associated with desire for being liked (r =â.65, p <â.01) and histrionic personality beliefs (r =â.70, p <â.01). The reliability of the OHPS was evaluated with Cronbachâs Îą internal consistency reliability coefficient and corrected item total correlation coefficient in three different samples. The Cronbach Îą internal consistency coefficients of the OHPS were .84 (EFA sample), .88 (CFA sample), and .88 (criterion validity sample). Corrected item total correlation coefficients of OHPS ranged from .53 to .62 in the EFA sample, .47 to .78 in the CFA sample, and .52 to .76 in the criterion validity sample. The distribution of data was examined with floor and ceiling effects in three different samples. Finally, the standard error of measurement (SEM) was calculated in three different samples. There were no floor and ceiling effects in the data, and the SEM values were within acceptable limits. When validity and reliability analyses of the OHPS are considered as a whole, it is concluded that the OHPS is a valid and reliable scale that assesses online histrionic personality among university students
Corporatised Identities â Digital Identities: Algorithmic Filtering on Social Media and the Commercialisation of Presentations of Self
Goffmanâs (1959) dramaturgical identity theory requires modification when theorising about presentations of self on social media. This chapter contributes to these efforts, refining a conception of digital identities by differentiating them from âcorporatised identitiesâ. Armed with this new distinction, I ultimately argue that social media platformsâ production of corporatised identities undermines their usersâ autonomy and digital well-being. This follows from the disentanglement of several commonly conflated concepts. Firstly, I distinguish two kinds of presentation of self that I collectively refer to as âexpressions of digital identityâ. These digital performances (boyd 2007) and digital artefacts (Hogan 2010) are distinct, but often confused. Secondly, I contend this confusion results in the subsequent conflation of corporatised identities â poor approximations of actual digital identities, inferred and extrapolated by algorithms from individualsâ expressions of digital identity â with digital identities proper. Finally, and to demonstrate the normative implications of these clarifications, I utilise MacKenzieâs (2014, 2019) interpretation of relational autonomy to propose that designing social media sites around the production of corporatised identities, at the expense of encouraging genuine performances of digital identities, has undermined multiple dimensions of this vital liberal value. In particular, the pluralistic range of authentic preferences that should structure flourishing human lives are being flattened and replaced by commercial, consumerist preferences. For these reasons, amongst others, I contend that digital identities should once again come to drive individualsâ actions on social media sites. Only upon doing so can individualsâ autonomy, and control over their digital identities, be rendered compatible with social media
IdentitĂ , libertĂ e responsabilitĂ
Gli ultimi anni hanno prodotto enormi progressi in tutti i campi della biologia e quasi tutti i processi molecolari degli organismi viventi sono stati compresi. Questo include lâessere umano e questo punto, come per precedenti sviluppi della conoscenza, è stato usato come argomento confutante che la sua individualitĂ esista in quanto originata da una creazione e possa continuare dopo la morte fisica. Dâaltra parte, ogni uomo per mezzo del suo libero arbitrio può scegliere di âessere buono e di fare il beneâ e questo, insieme all'esistenza dellâamore non egoista, non può essere spiegato da processi biofisici, indicando il coinvolgimento di altri fattori