4,845 research outputs found
Gravity model explained by the radiation model on a population landscape
Understanding the mechanisms behind human mobility patterns is crucial to
improve our ability to optimize and predict traffic flows. Two representative
mobility models, i.e., radiation and gravity models, have been extensively
compared to each other against various empirical data sets, while their
fundamental relation is far from being fully understood. In order to study such
a relation, we first model the heterogeneous population landscape by generating
a fractal geometry of sites and then by assigning to each site a population
independently drawn from a power-law distribution. Then the radiation model on
this population landscape, which we call the radiation-on-landscape (RoL)
model, is compared to the gravity model to derive the distance exponent in the
gravity model in terms of the properties of the population landscape, which is
confirmed by the numerical simulations. Consequently, we provide a possible
explanation for the origin of the distance exponent in terms of the properties
of the heterogeneous population landscape, enabling us to better understand
mobility patterns constrained by the travel distance.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
Free Speech, the Right to Petition, and Corporate Innovation
Using the passage of state-level anti-SLAPP (strategic lawsuits against public participation) legislation as a plausible shock to free speech and the right to petition, we hypothesize and find that corporate innovation success increases following the passage of state anti-SLAPP laws. Our results suggest that the increase occurs through two channels: (i) a reduction in information asymmetry between the firm and outside investors on innovation investments and (ii) a reallocation of external capital to firms with higher growth prospects. Consistent with an informational channel, we find the increase is stronger for firms with an ex-ante lower quality information environment. Consistent with an external capital channel, our results also support the theory that outside capital providers are better able to distinguish between superior and inferior innovators in allocating their capital after the enactment of anti-SLAPP laws in a state. Our results hold under a battery of robustness tests. Overall, our results do not support the alternative view that firms use SLAPP lawsuits to stifle the release of public information contrary to their interests (e.g., proprietary information on trade secrets). Our study contributes to the accounting, law, and economics literatures by documenting a potentially unintended economic consequence for corporate innovation of state-level anti-SLAPP legislation
Hypersensitive Reaction to Praziquantel in a Clonorchiasis Patient
Praziquantel is the drug of choice for clonorchiasis. Since clonorchiasis is endemic in most river basins, praziquantel has been widely used for 30 years in Korea. A 54-year-old Korean woman suffered from hypersensitive reactions, such as nausea, dyspnea, rash, and urticaria after taking the first dose of praziquantel to treat clonorchiasis. She ingested one dose again and the same symptoms appeared, and she was treated at a clinic with anti-histamines. She tried one more dose with anti-histamines but found the same symptoms. Later, she was found to pass eggs of Clonorchis sinensis and medicated with flubendazole. The hypersensitive reaction to praziquantel is rare but occurs. This is the 5th case report in the world
Effect of charge-transfer complex on the energy level alignment between graphene and organic molecules
We performed density-functional theory calculations to study the electronic structures at the interfaces between graphene and organic molecules that have been used in organic light-emitting diodes. In terms of work function, graphene itself is not favorable as either anode or cathode for commonly used electron or hole transport molecular species. However, the formation of charge transfer complex on the chemically inert sp(2) carbon surface can provide a particular advantage. Unlike metal surfaces, the graphene surface remains non-bonded to electron-accepting molecules even after electron transfer, inducing an improved Fermi-level alignment with the highest-occupied-molecular-orbital level of the hole-injecting-layer molecules.open1
Increasing the Durability of Piezoelectric Impact-based Micro Wind Generator in Real Application
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to increase the durability of piezoelectric impact-based micro wind generator (PIMWG) in real application. Using new PIMWG design, numerical simulation, and experimental comparison analysis, we improved the durability of PIMWGs in real application. The experimental results show that the optimized PIMWG generated 2.4 mW (RMS value), and it did not crack within 40h. In this study, we improved the durability of PIMWGs for real application
Microscopic Theory of Rashba Interaction in Magnetic Metal
Theory of Rashba spin-orbit coupling in magnetic metals is worked out from
microscopic Hamiltonian describing d-orbitals. When structural inversion
symmetry is broken, electron hopping between -orbitals generates chiral
ordering of orbital angular momentum, which combines with atomic spin-orbit
coupling to result in the Rashba interaction. Rashba parameter characterizing
the interaction is band-specific, even reversing its sign from band to band.
Large enhancement of the Rashba parameter found in recent experiments is
attributed to the orbital mixing of 3d magnetic atoms with non-magnetic heavy
elements as we demonstrate by first-principles and tight-binding calculations.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Development, Optimization and Absorption Mechanism of DHP107, Oral Paclitaxel Formulation for Single-Agent Anticancer Therapy
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