On the Bio-Rearrangement into Fully Saturated Fatty Acids-Containing Triglyceride in Aurantiochytrium sp

AbstractA strain of Aurantiochytrium sp. was grown in media with various concentrations of glucose to monitor triglyceride production as a potential source of oil for biodiesel. The fatty acid composition of triglyceride in the strain was unique, because the fatty acids consisted of only 6 molecular species, and the major species were myristic, pentadecanoic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids. When cells were cultured in glucose-rich (over 9%) medium for 4 days, the triglyceride yields were 0.5-1.0g/L. After culture for 4 days, the fatty acid composition of triglyceride was nearly identical in all cells grown in media containing various concentrations of glucose. However, when cells were grown in medium containing 12% glucose for 12 days, unique triglyceride containing only saturated fatty acids accumulated. This bio-rearrangement into fully-saturated fatty acids-containing triglyceride may be utilized for the preparation of biodiesel oil

Differential, histochemical and immunohistochemical changes in rat hepatocytes after isoflurane or sevoflurane exposure.

Differential, histochemical and immunohistochemical changes were observed in hepatocytes from immediately to 7 days after isoflurane or sevoflurane exposure (at H 0 to on Day 7) to study the process of development and recovery in anesthetic-induced hepatic injury. A total of 570 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with or without phenobarbital treatment were exposed to isoflurane or sevoflurane in 100%, 21%, or 10% oxygen, or to 10% oxygen alone for 2h. In phenobarbital-treated rats, hepatocytes both with and without anesthetic exposure markedly changed in 10% oxygen at H 0. Glycogen and ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) disappeared at H 0 and at H 6, respectively, and at H 6, AST levels in the blood rose. From H 6 to Day 1, necrosis developed more markedly and widely in zone 3 hepatocytes exposed to anesthetics in 10% oxygen than in those exposed to oxygen alone. All degenerated tissues had returned to normal levels by day 7. Recovery of the hepatolobular structure may be attributed to rearrangement of remaining hepatocytes in the portal vein area. Both the disappearance of glycogen and rRNA and the increase in blood AST levels after exposure to isoflurane or sevoflurane are considered to be factors contributing to the induction of necrosis around the central vein. The grade of isoflurane-induced hepatic injury was found to be significantly higher than that of sevoflurane.</p

Unilateral minimal ovarian cancer with peritoneal implant and an intraepithelial carcinoma in the contralateral fallopian tube

Here we present postoperative pathology of an 82-year-old woman who presented with massive ascites, and an implant-like adenocarcinoma on her intrapelvic peritoneum, which revealed a minimal (<5mm) serous adenocarcinoma on her left ovary and an intraepithelial carcinoma on inner surface of her right Fallopian tube.  The left ovarian serous adenocarcinoma may have originated as an intraepithelial carcinoma on contralateral Fallopian tube

Toward understanding transcriptional regulatory networks in abiotic stress responses and tolerance in rice

長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1168号 [学位授与年月日]令和元年6月5

Total transferrin in cerebrospinal fluid is a novel biomarker for spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Patients with SIH experience postural headaches, nausea, etc., due to CSF hypovolemia. Imaging studies and clinical examinations, such as radioisotope (RI) scintigraphy, are useful for diagnosing SIH. However, 20-30% of patients do not show typical morphology and clinical test results. We previously reported that CSF contains transferrin (Tf) isoforms:"brain-type" Tf derived from the choroid plexus and "serum-type" Tf derived from blood. We showed that both isoforms increased in the CSF of patients with SIH by Western blotting. In the present study, we demonstrate that conventional ELISA for quantifying total Tf is useful for diagnosing SIH more accurately than Western blotting. In addition, SIH with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) was also accurately diagnosed. Total Tf in the CSF can serve as a useful biomarker for diagnosing SIH with or without CSDH

Ebola Zaire Virus Blocks Type I Interferon Production by Exploiting the Host SUMO Modification Machinery

Ebola Zaire virus is highly pathogenic for humans, with case fatality rates approaching 90% in large outbreaks in Africa. The virus replicates in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), suppressing production of type I interferons (IFNs) while inducing the release of large quantities of proinflammatory cytokines. Although the viral VP35 protein has been shown to inhibit IFN responses, the mechanism by which it blocks IFN production has not been fully elucidated. We expressed VP35 from a mouse-adapted variant of Ebola Zaire virus in murine DCs by retroviral gene transfer, and tested for IFN transcription upon Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) infection and toll-like receptor signaling. We found that VP35 inhibited IFN transcription in DCs following these stimuli by disabling the activity of IRF7, a transcription factor required for IFN transcription. By yeast two-hybrid screens and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we found that VP35 interacted with IRF7, Ubc9 and PIAS1. The latter two are the host SUMO E2 enzyme and E3 ligase, respectively. VP35, while not itself a SUMO ligase, increased PIAS1-mediated SUMOylation of IRF7, and repressed Ifn transcription. In contrast, VP35 did not interfere with the activation of NF-κB, which is required for induction of many proinflammatory cytokines. Our findings indicate that Ebola Zaire virus exploits the cellular SUMOylation machinery for its advantage and help to explain how the virus overcomes host innate defenses, causing rapidly overwhelming infection to produce a syndrome resembling fulminant septic shock

Research Activities in the Department of Nursing

Research activity at the Department of Nursing is overviewed from the point of research topics, the theme of the projects admitted for grant from the Ministry of Education and Science of Japan, and expected research topics, trying to clarify the needs and challenges of the Department from multilateral aspects in future research activities. The Department of Nursing, Aino University is currently divided into the five areas and further into 12 fields. On the other hand, according to the Scientific Research Grant Program (2015 fiscal year), the research topics in nursing science is subdivided into the five areas; a) basic nursing, b) clinical nursing, c) lifelong developmental nursing, d) elderly nursing, and e) community health nursing