Early downregulation of IGF-I decides the fate of rat retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve injury

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博乙第1633号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成19年6月6日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大学, 主査教授 : 多久和 陽, 副査教授 : 東田 陽博 , 杉山 和

Excitation of low-frequency QPOs in black-hole accretion

We study possible mechanisms of excitation of quasiperiodic oscillations in the accretion flow of black hole accreters in their hard spectral states, in the context of the `truncated disk' model. Quasi-spherical oscillations of the inner ion-supported accretion flow (ISAF) can be excited by the interaction of this hot flow with the cool disk extending outward from it. The fundamental mode of (p-mode) oscillation is most easily excited, and has a frequency near the Kepler frequency at the inner edge of the cool disk. The strongest excitation mechanism is a feedback loop involving cooling of the ISAF by soft photons from the cool disk and heating of the cool disk by the ISAF, while synchrotron emission can be a relatively strong damping effect. Growth times are computed by detailed Comptonization calculations of the interaction of an idealized ISAF with a cool disk. Typical growth times as short as a few dynamical times are found, while amplitudes can be as large as 10%.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&

The CMS Fast Beam Condition Monitor for HL-LHC

The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC brings unprecedented requirements for real-time and precision bunch-by-bunch online luminosity measurement and beam-induced background monitoring. A key component of the CMS Beam Radiation, Instrumentation and Luminosity system is a stand-alone luminometer, the Fast Beam Condition Monitor (FBCM), which is fully independent from the CMS central trigger and data acquisition services and able to operate at all times with a triggerless readout. FBCM utilizes a dedicated front-end application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to amplify the signals from CO$_2$-cooled silicon-pad sensors with a timing resolution of a few nanoseconds, which enables the measurement of the beam-induced background. FBCM uses a modular design with two half-disks of twelve modules at each end of CMS, with four service modules placed close to the outer edge to reduce radiation-induced aging. The electronics system design adapts several components from the CMS Tracker for power, control and read-out functionalities. The dedicated FBCM23 ASIC contains six channels and adjustable shaping time to optimize the noise with regards to sensor leakage current. Each ASIC channel outputs a single binary high-speed asynchronous signal carrying time-of-arrival and time-over-threshold information. The chip output signal is digitized, encoded, and sent via a radiation-hard gigabit transceiver and an optical link to the back-end electronics for analysis. This paper reports on the updated design of the FBCM detector and the ongoing testing program

The CMS Fast Beam Condition Monitor for HL-LHC

The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC brings unprecedented requirements for real-time and precision bunch-by-bunch online luminosity measurement and beam-induced background monitoring. A key component of the CMS Beam Radiation, Instrumentation and Luminosity system is a stand-alone luminometer, the Fast Beam Condition Monitor (FBCM), which is fully independent from the CMS central trigger and data acquisition services and able to operate at all times with a triggerless readout. FBCM utilizes a dedicated front-end application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to amplify the signals from CO$_2$-cooled silicon-pad sensors with a timing resolution of a few nanoseconds, which enables the measurement of the beam-induced background. FBCM uses a modular design with two half-disks of twelve modules at each end of CMS, with four service modules placed close to the outer edge to reduce radiation-induced aging. The electronics system design adapts several components from the CMS Tracker for power, control and read-out functionalities. The dedicated FBCM23 ASIC contains six channels and adjustable shaping time to optimize the noise with regards to sensor leakage current. Each ASIC channel outputs a single binary high-speed asynchronous signal carrying time-of-arrival and time-over-threshold information. The chip output signal is digitized, encoded and sent via a radiation-hard gigabit transceiver and an optical link to the back-end electronics for analysis. This paper reports on the updated design of the FBCM detector and the ongoing testing program.Comment: 16th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD23) 2023 Sept 25-29 Siena, Ital

Presentation tools on the web-based communication system

With the development of network communication technology in recent years, there have been many successful examples of architectural design education using the Web based support system. Authors have developed the information exchange and sharing system, and make an improvement on it through the collaborative design studio. This paper describes the new function for collaborative design team. 

A way forward for Japanese agriculture

Under the GATT Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) that came into effect on 1 January 1995, Japan pledged to convert non-tariff barriers into tariff equivalents for 28 commodities. The implementation of the Agreement on Agriculture triggered domestic policy reform. In July 1999 the Japanese Diet passed the Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas, which replaced the Agricultural Basic Law of 1961. The new law outlines the direction and principles of Japanese agricultural policy for the 21st century and is more consistent with the World Trade Organisation (WTO) regime. However, these measures represent only the start of agricultural reform. Where is Japanese agriculture headed and do these changes represent a significant movement toward real reform? Agricultural policymaking in Japan reflects political power struggles. Agriculture is a highly protected sector, and as in many other industrialised countries, protection has increased as agriculture’s contribution to the economy has shrunk. Consumers – a larger and less politically organised group – tolerate agricultural protection as long as their incomes are rising, while agricultural producers are far smaller in number and lobby strongly as they have far more to lose. Pressure from foreign producers is a strong countervailing force against domestic interests that support agricultural protection, and explains why agriculture was one of the most important areas in the Uruguay Round negotiations