Efekt Bisfenolu S a Bisfenolu A na morfometrické parametry štítné žlázy, změny hormonů a koncentrace jodu v moči potkanů Wistar

Bisphenol S (BPS) is the major substitute of the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA). Due to the presence of strong double bonds, BPS is more resistant to biodegradation and therefore more BPS remains in the environment. Numerous studies show that BPS disrupts the reproductive, nervous, and cardiovascular systems and could have an impact on thyroid hormones. The study aimed to analyze the effects of a 10-week exposition of BPS and BPA on lipid markers, morphometric parameters of the rat thyroid gland, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and the influence of BPS on urine iodine concentration. Male Wistar rats received BPS in sunflower oil daily by gavage. The control group (GI) received only the vehicle. The BPS experimental group two (GII) received 4 ug/kg/day, group three (GIII) received 50 ug/kg/day, and group four (GIV) received 100 mg BPS/kg/day. Group five (GV) received 100 mg BPA/kg/day. Groups four and five were made to compare the influence of high concentration between BPS and BPA. Results show the influence of BPS and BPA on body weight, triacylglycerols, cholesterol and total protein concentration. Morphometric changes in the size of thyroid gland follicles show a bigger influence of BPS than BPA. Results show also increasing in TSH concentrations in all groups with bisphenols up to physiology standards of Wistar rats (GI 3.14 ± 1.28 ng/ml, GII 5.12 ± 1.16 ng/ml, GIII 5.55 ± 2.39 ng/ml, GIV 5.56 ± 1.98 ng/ml, GV 4.47 ± 1.09 ng/ml) and influence of BPA and BPS on higher iodine concentrations in urine.Bisfenol S (BPS) je hlavní náhradou endokrinního disruptoru bisfenolu A (BPA). Díky přítomnosti silných dvojných vazeb je BPS odolnější vůči biologickému rozkladu, a proto zůstává více v prostředí. Četné studie ukazují, že BPS narušuje reprodukční, nervový a kardiovaskulární systém a může mít vliv na hormony štítné žlázy. Cílem studie bylo analyzovat účinky 10 týdenní expozice BPS a BPA na lipidové markery, morfometrické parametry štítné žlázy potkana, hladiny tyreoidálního stimulačního hormonu (TSH) a vliv BPS na koncentraci jódu v moči. Samci potkanů Wistar dostávali BPS ve slunečnicovém oleji denně jícnovou sondou. Kontrolní skupina (GI) obdržela pouze nosič. Experimentální skupina dvě (GII) dostávala 4 ug BPS/kg/den, skupina tři (GIII) dostávala 50 ug BPS/kg/den, skupina čtyři (GIV) dostávala 100 mg BPS/kg/den. Skupina pět (GV) dostávala 100 mg BPA/kg/den. Čtvrtá a pátá skupina byly vytvořeny pro porovnání vlivu vysoké koncentrace BPS a BPA. Výsledky ukazují vliv BPS a BPA na tělesnou hmotnost, triacylglyceroly, cholesterol a celkovou koncentraci bílkoviny. Morfometrické změny velikosti folikulů štítné žlázy vykazují větší vliv BPS než BPA. Výsledky také ukazují zvýšení koncentrací TSH ve všech skupinách s bisfenoly nad fyziologické standardy potkanů Wistar (GI 3,14 ± 1,28 ng/ml, GII 5,12 ± 1,16 ng/ml, GIII 5,55 ± 2 ,39 ng/ml, GIV 5,56 ± 1,98 ng/ml, GV 4,47 ± 1,09 ng/ml) a vliv BPA a BPS na zvýšené koncentrace jódu v moči

Seasonal habitat use of three predatory fishes in a freshwater ecosystem

To understand the spatiotemporal overlap in the habitat use of sympatric predators, we studied longitudinal activity and reservoir section and depth use of pike (Esox lucius), pikeperch (Sander lucioerca) and catfsh (Silurus glanis) in the Římov Reservoir, using an autonomous telemetry system for 11 months. We found signifcant diferences among these species in studied parameters that varied considerably over tracked period. Pike consistently used the same sections of the reservoir, while pikeperch and catfsh frequently visited a tributary during the warm season (late spring and early autumn), and moved closer to the dam during the cold season (late autumn to early spring). Pike longitudinal activity was highest in the cold season, pikeperch in the warm season, and catfsh activity peaked in both seasons. Overlap in the depth use among species was higher in the warm season, when all species used the upper layer of the water column, and lower in the cold season, when pikeperch and catfsh used deeper areas. These results demonstrated overlay and temporal variation of habitat use among these predators, as well as potential spatiotemporal space for their direct ecological interactions. Acoustic telemetry · Predators · Habitat use · Movement ecology · Winter ecologypublishedVersio

Long-term monitoring of fish in a freshwater reservoir: Different ways of weighting complex spatial samples

Anthropogenic activities continue to pose the greatest challenges to freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, long-term monitoring is essential for the management and conservation of these resources. Monitoring programs for freshwater bodies often use a range of indicators, including biological elements such as fish. Existing European standard provides a depth-stratified gillnet sampling approach mainly in benthic habitats and at the deepest part of lakes to account for the uneven distribution of fish. However, the commonly used CEN (European Committee for Standardization) protocol does not weight sufficiently habitat volumes and underrepresent pelagic habitats to calculate whole-lake catch and biomass per unit effort (CPUE and BPUE, respectively). Extended European standard gillnet (4 larger mesh-sizes added in the geometric series) catch data collected over 18 years (2004–2021) in Římov Reservoir (Czech Republic) were used for a method comparison on indices for relative abundance and biomass of fish: CEN protocol without volume-weighting and two volume-weighted approaches. We also evaluated changes in species composition and trends in these fish population over time. Results indicated interannual changes in species composition, relative abundance, and biomass of fish community. The CEN protocol tended to put greater emphasis on benthic habitats which generally have larger CPUE and BPUE. Consequently, the two volume-weighting approaches produced lower estimates of the two parameters, with the exception of the most dominant pelagic bleak Alburnus alburnus (L.). All approaches consistently showed an increasing trend in whole-reservoir fish abundance and a decreasing trend in biomass over the study period. Following our assessment, we put forward the volume-weighting approach that considers the Volume of the depth Stratum (VOST) for weighting as the most realistic approximation of fish populations and therefore recommend its use

Phylogeny of Frogs of the genus \kur{Leptopelis} (Anura: Arthroleptidae: Leptopelinae)

To analyze the relationships among species of the genus Leptopelis, mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA was sequenced and analyzed using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. Sequences of 15 individuals of 13 species of the genus Leptopelis were involved. The 16S rRNA based phylogeny trees indicate that the genus Leptopelis forms a paraphyletic group, with L. barbouri and L. parkeri being more closely related to a group composed of the Arthroleptidae + Astylosternidae than to other representatives of the genus Leptopelis

The influence of balance aids to better quality of handwriting of chidren with ADHD

The children from all over the world suffer from ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and this disorder is a great social, educational and medical problem at schools. This bachelor thesis focuses on the etiopathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. The pharmacological treatment is not the only way which effectively helps children with their problems at school and in personal life. Exercise and regular physical activity is very important for children and it can impact on symptoms of ADHD. The experimental section of this bachelor thesis deals with the influence of balance aids to handwriting of children with ADHD. The thesis compares their handwriting before and after three months, during which the children were using the aids for the dynamic sitting. The experimental section includes four casuistics of children with ADHD, the results of standardized test MABC-2 for the evaluation of children's fine and gross motor skills and balance and a detailed analysis of writing from the point of view of specific features. The effect of therapy was evaluated using the total score which was recalculated to percentiles in the test MABC-2, handwriting was evaluated using specific features in the script. The therapy revealed itself as effective. Keywords ADHD, test MABC-2, sensory processing,..

5th International Percid Fish Symposium, Percis V 2022

The publication contains scientific abstracts from the international conference

Book of abstracts from XVII. Czech Fisheries and Ichthyological Conference, České Budějovice

The publication contains standard and extended abstracts of contributions from the 17th Czech Fisheries and Ichthyological Conference held online in November 2020

Pozorování hejnového chování ryb v pelagickém habitatu umělé vodní nádrže prostřednictvím videokamery

The research presented in this thesis contributes to broadening of the knowledge on free-living adult fish schools and behavioural patterns in a temperate freshwater reservoir. The behaviour of fish in the pelagic zone is rather poorly studied. Naturally, schooling tendency varied between species mostly due to increasing vulnerability to predation. Heterospecificity in schools was not a rare phenomenon, mainly for vulnerable species that shared the same space and food niche with a predatory less attractive species. The individual needs fluctuate as factors might be reconsidered in short time periods and most probably are reflected in behavioural responses. Individual responses are also reflected in the distribution of the fish in the reservoir and density in particular habitat. There is a "critical density" that triggers the formation of fish schools, followed by a slowing increase in density of fish clusters (observed units). This corresponds to increasing proportion of fish in a school and declining proportion of singletons. The trend of count of clusters tended to have an upper limit that should result in constant count of fish clusters after reaching a particular fish density. In other words, fish in the habitat maintain maximal distances even when the density increases. During high density periods the distances are kept by school formation. Overall the usage of the visual census as presented, proved to be a convenient tool for observation and assessment of freshwater fish. It has been demonstrated that the method can obtain comparable results to hydroacoustic survey amounts as well as purse seining

Costs Classification in the Production Enterprise

Import 05/08/2014Tématem bakalářské práce je klasifikace nákladů ve výrobním podniku. Práce je rozdělena do tří hlavních kapitol, a to klasifikace nákladů, význam klasifikace pro jejich řízení a posouzení vhodnosti kalkulačního členění na přímé a nepřímé pro výpočet kalkulací výrobků. První část se zabývá členěním nákladů z hlediska druhu a účelu. Druhá část udává nástroje řízení nákladů a hodnotí náklady ve vztahu k řešení otázek a rozhodnutí. Třetí část řeší posouzení vhodnosti používání přímých a nepřímých nákladů pro výpočet kalkulací výrobků.The topic of the bachelor thesis is the expense classification in the production enterprise. The thesis is divided into three separate chapters, the topic of which is expense classification, its importance for the expense management and control, and the appropriateness assessment of the calculation division of expenses into both direct and indirect respectively. In the first chapter the expenses classification is described from the perspective of expense type and purpose. The second chapter is focused on the means for expenses control and management and evaluates the expenses in relation to production questions. The third chapter then assesses whether it is appropriate to use direct and indirect expenses for the product calculation.Prezenční634 - Katedra ekonomiky a managementu v metalurgiivelmi dobř