Association between serum levels of C-reactive protein and personality traits in women

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>While low-grade inflammation has consistently been observed in subjects with depression, studies on the possible relationship between inflammation and other aspects of brain function are as yet sparse. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible association between serum levels of the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and personality traits.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study, serum levels of high-sensitivity CRP were determined by ELISA in a population of 270 42-year-old women recruited from the population registry who had been assessed using the Temperament and Character Inventory. Self-reported previous or ongoing depression was also recorded. Unpaired two-tailed <it>t</it>-tests were used for comparison between two groups and correlations were evaluated by the calculation of Pearson's r-coefficient.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The temperament trait harm avoidance was positively (<it>r </it>= 0.227, <it>p </it>< 0.05) and the character trait self-directedness was negatively (<it>r </it>= -0.261, <it>p </it>< 0.01) associated with serum levels of CRP (<it>p</it>-values corrected for multiple comparisons). The correlations between the personality traits and CRP were observed also after exclusion of subjects reporting ongoing depression (n = 26). Whereas women reporting ongoing depression showed significantly increased levels of CRP as compared to non-depressed women (n = 155), women reporting a history of depression displayed no significant difference in CRP levels as compared to women that reported that they had never been depressed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Serum levels of CRP in women was found to be associated with the personality traits harm avoidance and self-directedness. In addition, moderately elevated levels may be a state dependent marker of depression.</p

OpenAIREplus: supporting repository interoperability through guidelines

Supporting the open access policy of the European Commission, OpenAIRE is moving from a publication infrastructure to a more comprehensive infrastructure that covers all types of scientific output, funded by the European Commission, and widening to other European funding streams. It harvests content from a range of European repositories, and ensures raised visibility of valuable open access content, as well as links to project and funding information. In order to ensure interoperability from these research infrastructures, a common approach is need to adhere to existing and future guidelines. In this context, an integrated suite of guidelines have been developed. The poster will briefly outline the OpenAIRE Guidelines: Guidelines for Data Archive Managers, for Literature Repository Managers and for CRIS Managers. By implementing all three sets of the OpenAIRE Guidelines, repository managers will be able to enable authors who deposit publications in their repository to fulfill the EC Open Access requirements, as well as the requirements of other (national or international) funders with whom OpenAIRE cooperates. In addition it will allow the OpenAIRE infrastructure to add value‐added services such as discoverability and linking, and creation of enhanced publications. In short, building the stepping‐stones for a linked data infrastructure for research

OpenAIRE guidelines for data archive, literature repository and CRIS managers

Exposure and visibility of content from a range of European repositories will be significantly increased when a common and interoperable approach is taken and care to adhere to existing guidelines. This compatibility will lead to future interoperability between research infrastructures, and structured metadata is of benefit to individual data repositories and the knowledge community at large. OpenAIRE is starting to move from a publication infrastructure to a more comprehensive infrastructure that covers all types of scientific output. To put this into practice an integrated suite of guidelines were developed with specific requirements to support the goal of OpenAIRE and the European Commission. The poster will briefly outline the OpenAIRE Guidelines: Guidelines for Data Archive Managers, for Literature Repository Managers and for CRIS Managers. By implementing all three sets of the OpenAIRE Guidelines, repository managers will be able to enable authors who deposit publications in their repository to fulfill the EC Open Access requirements, as well as the requirements of other (national or international) funders with whom OpenAIRE cooperates. In addition it will allow the OpenAIRE infrastructure to add value-added services such as discoverability and linking, and creation of enhanced publications. In short, building the stepping-stones for a linked data infrastructure for research.(undefined

Associations of breast cancer risk prediction tools with tumor characteristics and metastasis

Purpose: The association between established risk factors for breast cancer and subtypes or prognosis of the disease is not well known. We analyzed whether the Tyrer-Cuzick–predicted 10-year breast cancer risk score (TCRS), mammographic density (MD), and a 77-single nucleotide polymorphism polygenic risk score (PRS) were associated with breast cancer tumor prognosticators and risk of distant metastasis. Patients and Methods: We used a case-only design in a population-based cohort of 5,500 Swedish patients with breast cancer. Logistic and multinomial logistic regression of outcomes, estrogen receptor (ER) status, lymph node involvement, tumor size, and grade was performed with TCRS, PRS, and percent MD as exposures. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of distant metastasis. Results: Women at high risk for breast cancer based on PRS and/or TCRS were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with favorable prognosticators, such as ER-positive and low-grade tumors. In contrast, PRS weighted on ER-negative disease was associated with ER-negative tumors. When stratifying by age, the associations of TCRS with favorable prognosticators were restricted to women younger than age 50. Women scoring high in both TCRS and PRS had a lower risk of distant metastasis (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.98). MD was not associated with any of the examined prognosticators. Conclusion: Women at high risk for breast cancer based on genetic and lifestyle factors were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancers with a favorable prognosis. Better knowledge of subtype- specific risk factors could be vital for the success of prevention programs aimed at lowering mortality.Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Cancer SocietyCancer Society in StockholmCancer Risk Prediction Center (CRisP)Linneus Centre - Swedish Research CouncilPublishe

Risk factors and tumor characteristics of interval cancers by mammographic density

Purpose: To compare tumor characteristics and risk factors of interval breast cancers and screen-detected breast cancers, taking mammographic density into account. Patients and Methods: Women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2001 to 2008 in Stockholm, Sweden, with data on tumor characteristics (n 4,091), risk factors, and mammographic density (n 1,957) were included. Logistic regression was used to compare interval breast cancers with screen- detected breast cancers, overall and by highest and lowest quartiles of percent mammo- graphic density. Results: Compared with screen-detected breast cancers, interval breast cancers in nondense breasts ( 20% mammographic density) were significantly more likely to exhibit lymph node involvement (odds ratio [OR], 3.55; 95% CI, 1.74 to 7.13) and to be estrogen receptor negative (OR, 4.05; 95% CI, 2.24 to 7.25), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (OR, 5.17; 95% CI, 1.64 to 17.01), progesterone receptor negative (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.58 to 4.38), and triple negative (OR, 5.33; 95% CI, 1.21 to 22.46). In contrast, interval breast cancers in dense breasts ( 40.9% mammographic density) were less aggressive than interval breast cancers in nondense breasts (overall difference, P .008) and were phenotypically more similar to screen-detected breast cancers. Risk factors differentially associated with interval breast cancer relative to screen- detected breast cancer after adjusting for age and mammographic density were family history of breast cancer (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.70), current use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT; OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.38 to 2.44), and body mass index more than 25 kg/m2 (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.82). Conclusion: Interval breast cancers in women with low mammographic density have the most aggressive phenotype. The effect of HRT on interval breast cancer risk is not fully explained by mammographic density. Family history is associated with interval breast cancers, possibly indicating disparate genetic background of screen-detected breast cancers and interval breast cancers.Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Cancer SocietyStockholm County CouncilLinneus Centre - Swedish Research CouncilSwedish E-science Research CouncilCancer Risk Prediction CenterPublishe

OpenAIRE guidelines: supporting interoperability for literature repositories, data archives and CRIS

Paper presented at the: CRIS2014: 12th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (Rome, May 13-15, 2014)OpenAIRE – Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe – is moving from a publication infrastructure to a more comprehensive infrastructure that covers all types of scientific output. To put this into practice an integrated suite of guidelines were developed with specific requirements supporting the goal of OpenAIRE and the European Commission. This poster outlines the OpenAIRE Guidelines, highlighting the set of guidelines for Literature Repository Managers, for Data Archive Managers and for CRIS Managers.The work presented in this paper has been developed under the OpenAIREplus Project (Ref No: 283595) of the EU-funded FP7- INFRASTRUCTURES Programme

A single H/ACA small nucleolar RNA mediates tumor suppression downstream of oncogenic RAS.

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a diverse group of non-coding RNAs that direct chemical modifications at specific residues on other RNA molecules, primarily on ribosomal RNA (rRNA). SnoRNAs are altered in several cancers; however, their role in cell homeostasis as well as in cellular transformation remains poorly explored. Here, we show that specific subsets of snoRNAs are differentially regulated during the earliest cellular response to oncogenic RASG12V expression. We describe a novel function for one H/ACA snoRNA, SNORA24, which guides two pseudouridine modifications within the small ribosomal subunit, in RAS-induced senescence in vivo. We find that in mouse models, loss of Snora24 cooperates with RASG12V to promote the development of liver cancer that closely resembles human steatohepatitic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). From a clinical perspective, we further show that human HCCs with low SNORA24 expression display increased lipid content and are associated with poor patient survival. We next asked whether ribosomes lacking SNORA24-guided pseudouridine modifications on 18S rRNA have alterations in their biophysical properties. Single-molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) analyses revealed that these ribosomes exhibit perturbations in aminoacyl-transfer RNA (aa-tRNA) selection and altered pre-translocation ribosome complex dynamics. Furthermore, we find that HCC cells lacking SNORA24-guided pseudouridine modifications have increased translational miscoding and stop codon readthrough frequencies. These findings highlight a role for specific snoRNAs in safeguarding against oncogenic insult and demonstrate a functional link between H/ACA snoRNAs regulated by RAS and the biophysical properties of ribosomes in cancer

Breast cancer genetic risk profile is differentially associated with interval and screen-detected breast cancers

Background: Polygenic risk profiles computed from multiple common susceptibility alleles for breast cancer have been shown to identify women at different levels of breast cancer risk. We evaluated whether this genetic risk stratification can also be applied to discriminate between screen-detected and interval cancers, which are usually associated with clinicopathological and survival differences. Patients and methods: A 77-SNP polygenic risk score (PRS) was constructed for breast cancer overall and by estrogen-receptor (ER) status. PRS was inspected as a continuous (per standard deviation increment) variable in a case-only design. Modification of the PRS by mammographic density was evaluated by fitting an additional interaction term. Results: PRS weighted by breast cancer overall estimates was found to be differentially associated with 1,865 screen-detected and 782 interval cancers in the LIBRO-1 study (age-adjusted ORperSD [95% confidence interval]=0.91 [0.83-0.99], p=0.023). The association was found to be more significant for PRS weighted by ER-positive breast cancer estimates (ORperSD=0.90 [0.82-0.98], p=0.011). This result was corroborated by two independent studies (combined ORperSD=0.87 [0.76-1.00], p=0.058) with no evidence of heterogeneity. When enriched for “true” interval cancers among nondense breasts, the difference in the association with PRS in screen-detected and interval cancers became more pronounced (ORperSD=0.74 [0.62-0.89], p=0.001), with a significant interaction effect between PRS and mammographic density (pinteraction=0.017). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report looking into the genetic differences between screendetected and interval cancers. It is an affirmation that the two types of breast cancer may have unique underlying biology.Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Cancer SocietyStockholm County CouncilBreast Cancer Theme Centre Consortium (BRECT)Accepte