Effect of drying conditions on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of mistletoe (Viscum album L.)

Bijela imela (Viscum album L.), vrsta imele iz porodice Santalaceae, je vazdazelena, drvenasta biljka koja kao epifitski obligatni poluparazit raste na velikom broju drvenastih vrsta. Imela se koristi u tradicionalnoj medicini za liječenje čitavog niza oboljenja. Dio imeline ljekovitosti može se pripisati fenolnim spojevima. Dosadašnja istraživanja su pokazala kako ovisno o biljci domaćinu, vremenu ubiranja i pripremi biljnog materijala sastav i količina fenolnih spojeva, kao i antioksidacijska aktivnost vezana uz njih, jako varirju. Istraživanje je izvršeno na lišću imela koje su rasle na lipi, glogu i javoru. Sa svakog stabla sakupljeno je lišće s peteljkama s po jedne imele. Lišće s peteljkama svake od imela je podijeljeno na dva približno jednaka dijela od kojeg je jedan sušen na sobnoj temperaturi u sjeni dok je drugi liofiliziran. Mjeren je antioksidacijski kapacitet trima spektrofotometrijskim metodama, količina ukupnih fenolnih spojeva metodom Folin-Ciocalteu dok su pojedini fenolni spojevi detektirani metodom tekućinska kromatografija visoke djelotvornosti s obrnutim fazama (RP-HPLC). Utvrđeno je da imela koja je rasla na glogu najbogatija fenolnim tvarima, te kako gledajući u cjelini ima veći antioksidacijski kapacitet u usporedbi s ostalim uzorcima. Liofilizirani uzorci pokazali su veći antioksidacijski kapacitet od svojih na sobnoj temperaturi sušenih parova. Liofilizacija je pokazala pozitivan učinak na očuvanje koncentracije p-kumarinske i sinapilne kiseline.Common mistletoe (Viscum album L.), a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, is a evergreen shrub that grows on a variety of woody plants as a epiphytic hemiparasite. Mistletoe is used in traditional medicine for treatment for number of different ailments. Mistletoe’s positive effects on health can be partially attributed to it’s phenolic content. Recent studies have shown that phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mistletoe varies depending on plant host, time of the year in which it was collected and preparation of the plant material. Subject of this study were leaves with their petioles from mistletoes that grew on linden, hawthorn and maple from which half of plant material was freeze-dried while other half was dried in shadow at room temperature. Three different spectrophotometric methods were used for measuring the antioxidant capacity, Folin-Ciocalteu method was used for measuring total phenolic content while reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was used for detection of specific phenolic compounds and their concentrations. Results show that mistletoe that grew on hawthorn had highest concentration of total phenolics and generally had highest antioxidant capacity. Freeze-dried samples had higher antioxidant capacity then their coresponding air-dried pairs. Freeze-drying has shown positive effect on preserving of p-coumaric acid and sinapinic acid

Zalog novca na bankovnom računu prema jugoslavenskom pravu

A pledge of money on a bank account as security for the repayment of a loan for the acquisition of a vessel has not been common in Yugoslav banking practice up to now. The author thus restricts her deliberations to analysis of the relevant legal provisions in Yugoslavia permitting such transaction but gives no examples from practice nor court decisions. As a precondition for discussing the possibility of opening an account with a Yugoslav bank and keeping the money on an account pledged in favour of the lender, it is pointed out that it makes sense for the lender only if the account is in some convertible foreign currency. According to the provisions of Yugoslav law foreigners (physical persons or legal entities) can open and keep a foreign currency account in Yugoslav banks without any restrictions. Nevertheless up to now Yugoslav legal entities are not permitted to do so although it is expected that this will soon be changed. Having this in mind one can conclude that even according to existing Yugoslav law the possibility already exists for Yugoslav shipyards making a loan for the building of a ship for foreign Buyer to ask the Buyer to open an account in foreign currency (keeping all ship\u27s earnings on it) with Yugoslav bank and pledge it in favour of the shipyard. If and when the legal restrictions regarding the right of Yugoslav legal entities to open a foreign currency account in Yugoslavia will be removed than even Yugoslav legal entities as credit debtors to foreign lenders would have the possibility to give a pledge over money on their account in Yugoslavia in favour of the foreign lender (provided of course that the parties to the loan agreement chose to open an account in Yugoslavia).Polazeći od toga da je ugovor o založnom pravu na novčana potraživanja svih vrsta zarada i prihoda broda, za koja stranke ugovore da će se, kad dospiju, uplaćivati na određeni bankovni račun, kao i na novac u depozitu na takvom računu, u praksi vrlo često dodatno sredstvo jamstva kreditoru za otplatu kredita za brod, autorica u članku analizira dopustivost, pravnu podlogu i primjenjivost toga sredstva jamstva kad bi se ono zasnivalo na primjeni jugoslavenskog prava, a to bi u praksi značilo u slučaju otvaranja bankovnog računa kod neke jugoslavenske banke uz osnivanje zaloga novca u skladu s odredbama jugoslavenskog prava. Iznoseći najnovije propise jugoslavenskoga zakonodavstva, autorica stavlja do znanja da takav oblik jamstva, ako se drži u jugoslavenskoj banci, daje kreditoru dovoljnu sigurnost samo ako se takav novac može držati na bankovnom računu u stranim sredstvima plaćanja i u tom kontekstu se u preostalom dijelu članka razmatraju restrikcije, ali i nove mogućnosti koje za to pruža postojeće jugoslavensko pravo

Spectroscopy of vibrational modes in metal nanoshells

We study the spectrum of vibrational modes in metal nanoparticles with a dielectric core. Vibrational modes are excited by the rapid heating of the particle lattice that takes place after laser excitation, and can be monitored by means of pump-probe spectroscopy as coherent oscillations of transient optical spectra. In nanoshells, the presence of two metal surfaces results in a substantially different energy spectrum of acoustic vibrations than for solid particles. We calculated the energy spectrum as well as the damping of nanoshell vibrational modes. The oscillator strength of fundamental breathing mode is larger than that in solid nanoparticles. At the same time, in very thin nanoshells, the fundamental mode is overdamped due to instantaneous energy transfer to the surrounding medium

Sustav financiranja i upravljanja sportom u Republici Hrvatskoj

The aim of this paper was to explore the connection between the level of economic development on the one hand, and the level of sport development on the other. From the management point of view the goal was to research the possibilities of public spending for sport since this is considered to be the most complex problem in managing the development of sport in Croatia. The data were collected by means of questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and correlation and regression analyses were performed. The research showed that economic development of Croatia measured through the level of GDP significantly affects the number of registered participants in sport in a positive way. However, by using confidence interval analysis it was possible to reject the hypothesis that the fundamental problem of sport development is the insufficient amount of public resources. Therefore, it can be concluded that the key role in a more qualitative system of sport management in Croatia belongs to the governing bodies and management of sport organizations.Cilj je ovog rada istražiti povezanost između razine ekonomske razvijenosti i razine razvijenosti sporta. Sa stajališta upravljanja razvojem sporta, svrha istraživanja je ispitati mogućnosti financiranja sporta iz javnih izvora, budući da se to u funkcioniranju sustava sporta javlja kao najsloženiji problem. U radu su korištene metode regresijske i korelacijske analize te anketnog upitnika i deskriptivne statistike. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da ekonomska razvijenost Hrvatske, mjerena kroz visinu BDP-a, značajno pozitivno utječe na broj registriranih sudionika u sportu. Također, analizom intervala pouzdanosti moguće je odbaciti hipotezu da je izdašnost javnih izvora financiranja temeljni problem u upravljanju sportom. Moguće je stoga zaključiti da ključnu ulogu za kvalitetno upravljanje sustavom sporta imaju upravljačka tijela i menadžment sportskih organizacija

À la recherche d’une identité : le cirque et le théâtre en Angleterre et en France (1768 et 1864)

Dans les créations contemporaines, l’influence du théâtre sur le cirque est incontestable mais pour beaucoup, il s’agit là d’une nouveauté. L’histoire du cirque, en France comme en Angleterre, montre combien l’influence du théâtre est en fait consubstantielle à l’existence même du cirque, puisque c’est au regard de la législation théâtrale et de la concurrence avec les autres établissements que se dessine l’identité du cirque tant du point de vue de son architecture que de son répertoire. En comparant les situations de l’un et l’autre côté de la Manche, les stratégies individuelles développées par les premiers circassiens de même que les contraintes institutionnelles auxquelles ils étaient confrontés apparaissent d’autant plus clairement et permettent de mieux comprendre l’essence des spectacles de cirque.In contemporary creations, the influence of theatre on the circus is beyond question, but is for many a novelty. The history of the circus, in France as in England, shows that the influence of the theatre is in fact crucial to the very existence of the circus: both in its architecture and its repertoire, the identity of the circus emerges with relation to the legislation governing theatre and to the competition from other establishments. By comparing the situations on both sides of the Channel, it appears clearly that the individual strategies developed by the first circus owners as well as the institutional constraints which confronted them helps to understand the very essence of the circus show

Health Care Disparities Around the Globe

In Honduras, there are only 0.8 physicians for every 1,000 citizens, creating a nearly insurmountable barrier on the ability to access health care for the impoverished lower and middle classes. Various health care models that a country adopts directly affects the quality of life of its citizens, including access to care and clean water, advocacy of preventative methods, and life expectancy. By analyzing models, such as the “Out-of-Pocket”, Beveridge, and Bismarck models, one can see that there are positive and negative aspects in every system. It can also be seen that the American Healthcare system is also in dire need of a reform. While Honduras is the main focus, being able to understand how barriers to healthcare arise will be essential in understanding how to bridge the gap of healthcare disparities even in places such as Appalachia. This article discusses disparities within the healthcare system itself, preventative care versus late-stage procedures, and how wellness is linked to socioeconomic status. Emphasis is placed on barriers to healthcare, which is seen in a study that took place in Honduras

Examining recent research in the field of sharing economy in tourism: Bibliometric and content analysis

Sharing economy has become a rather troublesome concept and business model in the process of tourism development during the recent years. Despite its undoubtful economic benefits for service providers and consumers, there are numerous negative impacts which can be related to the sharing economy, ultimately leading to unsustainable tourism development on destination level. In general, sharing economy can be attributed numerous benefits, but in terms of tourism, it recently became closely related to the issue of overtourism, thus becoming one of the initiators of negative attitude of the local community towards the future tourism development. Therefore, the concept of sharing economy has been in the focus of numerous researchers during the last several years, with increasing number of papers being published since 2016. This research is focused on analyzing the evolution and importance of sharing economy within the tourism study. The focus is given to the bibliographic analysis of journal articles within the "sharing economy in tourism" search. Additionally, based on qualitative content analysis the aim is to identify current state of the research in this field and to determine research gap with respect to the issue of overtourism and to identify future research potentials

Mišljenja medicinskih sestra i tehničara o izvješćivanju o neželjenim događajima tijekom procesa sestrinske skrbi

Introduction. Patient safety represents the most reliable measure of the quality of work in nursing. The most common adverse events associated with the process of nursing care are bedsores, falls, hospital-acquired infections, insufficient hand hygiene and unwanted adverse effects related to drugs. Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the views of respondents on adverse events during the process of nursing care in the University Hospital Centre Osijek. Respondents and methods. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous survey on a sample of 100 nurses in february and March 2016, at the clinics for surgery, internal medicine and anaesthesiology, the intensive care unit, emergency room and neurology. Results. The study showed that nurses actively improve patient safety (82% of respondents). 71% of the nurses believe that the mistakes reflect on them, while 67.7% of the respondents agree with the claim that the mistakes led to positive changes. When an adverse event is reported, 74.2% of nurses feel as if they are the ones being reported, and not the problem itself. After they make changes to improve patient safety, 83.5% of the nurses evaluate their effectiveness. 33.4% of the respondents claim that there are patient safety issues at their ward, and 49 (50%) of the respondents claim that the procedure and the system are efficient at preventing mistakes. Most respondents (57.1%) rated patient safety as acceptable. In similar studies that were conducted in US hospitals, there was generally a higher level of the patient safety culture by several grade points. Conclusion. Nurses agree that the patient safety culture regarding adverse events in the process of nursing care in the University Hospital Centre Osijek is acceptable, and that they are responsible for protecting and improving patient safety.Uvod. Sigurnost pacijenata predstavlja najpouzdaniju mjeru kvalitete rada u sestrinstvu. Najčešći su neželjeni događaji povezani s procesom sestrinske skrbi dekubitus, padovi, intrahospitalne infekcije, nedostatna higijena ruku i neželjeni događaji povezani s primjenom lijekova. Cilj. Cilj je ovoga istraživanja ispitati mišljenja ispitanika o neželjenim događajima tijekom procesa sestrinske skrbi u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Osijek. Ispitanici i metode. Provedeno je kvantitativno istraživanje s pomoću anonimne ankete koja je obuhvatila 100 medicinskih sestra/tehničara u veljači i ožujku 2016. na klinikama za kirurgiju, internu medicinu, anesteziologiju i neurologiju te u jedinici intenzivnog liječenja i hitnom prijemu. Rezultati. Istraživanje je pokazalo da su medicinske sestre aktivne u poboljšanju kulture sigurnosti pacijenata (82 % ispitanika). Čak 71,7% medicinskih sestara misli da se pogreške odražavaju na njih, dok se 67,7% ispitanika složilo s tvrdnjom da su pogreške dovele do pozitivnih promjena. Kada se neželjeni događaj prijavi, 74,2% ispitanika osjeća kako su oni osobno prijavljeni, a ne sami događaj. Nakon što naprave promjene kako bi poboljšale sigurnost pacijenata, 83,5% medicinskih sestara procjenjuje njihovu učinkovitost. Ispitanici, njih 33,4%, tvrde kako imaju problem u sigurnosti pacijenata u svojem okruženju, a 49 (50%) ispitanika tvrdi da je sustav dobar u sprječavanju neželjenih događaja. Većina ispitanika (57,1%) ocjenjuje sigurnost pacijenata prihvatljivom. U sličnim istraživanjima koja su provedena u bolnicama SAD-a općenito je veća razina kulture sigurnosti pacijenata za nekoliko ocjenskih bodova. Zaključak. Medicinske sestre / medicinski tehničari slažu se kako je kultura sigurnosti pacijenata s obzirom na neželjene događaje povezane s procesom sestrinske skrbi prihvatljiva te da su odgovorni za zaštitu i poboljšanje sigurnosti pacijenata