117 research outputs found
The impact of the Great Exhibition of 1851 on the development of technical education during the second half of the nineteenth century
This paper examines the contribution made by the mechanicsâ institute movement in Britain just prior to, and following, the opening of the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London. It argues that far from making little contribution to education, as often portrayed by historians, the movement was ideally positioned to respond to the findings of the Exhibition, which were that foreign goods on display were often more advanced than those produced in Britain. The paper highlights, through a regional study, how well suited mechanicsâ institutes were in organising their own exhibitions, providing the idea of this first international exhibition. Subsequently, many offered nationally recognised technical subject examinations through relevant education as well as informing government commissions, prior to the passing of the Technical Instruction Acts in 1889 and the Local Taxation Act of 1890. These acts effectively put mechanicsâ institutes into state ownership as the first step in developing further education for all in Britai
Algebraic characteristic classes for idempotent matrices
This paper contains the algebraic analog for idempotent matrices of the Chern-Weil theory of characteristic classes. This is used to show, algebraically, that the canonical line bundle on the complex projective space is not stably trivial. Also a theorem is proved saying that for any smooth manifold there is a canonical epimorphism from the even dimensional algebraic de Rham cohomology of its algebra of smooth functions onto the standard even dimensional de Rham cohomology of the manifold
Racism and hate speech â A critique of Scanlonâs Contractual Theory
The First Amendment is an important value in American liberal polity. Under this value, racism, hate speech and offensive speech are protected speech. This article scrutinizes one of the clear representatives of the American liberal polity - Thomas Scanlon. The paper tracks the developments in his theory over the years. It is argued that Scanlonâs arguments downplay tangible harm that speech might inflict on its target victim audience. Scanlonâs distinction between participant interests, audience interests, and the interests of bystanders is put under close scrutiny. The article criticizes viewpoint neutrality and suggests a balancing approach, further arguing that democracy is required to develop protective mechanisms against harm-facilitating speech as well as profound offences. Both should be taken most seriously
The âGreat Decarcerationâ: Historical Trends and Future Possibilities
During the 19th Century, hundreds of thousands of people were caught up in what Foucault famously referred to as the âgreat confinementâ, or âgreat incarcerationâ, spanning reformatories, prisons, asylums, and more. Levels of institutional incarceration increased dramatically across many parts of Europe and the wider world through the expansion of provision for those defined as socially marginal, deviant, or destitute. While this trend has been the focus of many historical studies, much less attention has been paid to the dynamics of âthe great decarcerationâ that followed for much of the earlyâ to midâ20th Century. This article opens with an overview of these early decarceration trends in the English adult and youth justice systems and suggests why these came to an end from the 1940s onwards. It then explores parallels with marked decarceration trends today, notably in youth justice, and suggests how these might be expedited, extended, and protected
Morals in evolution : a study in comparative ethics
MenciĂłn de ediciĂłn tomada del verso de la portadaDato do v. por
Liberalismo
196 p.Ante el liberalismo. Los elementos del liberalismo. El desarrollo de la teorĂa. Laissez Faire. Gladstone y Mill. La esencia del liberalismo. El Estado y el individuo. Liberalismo econĂłmico. El porvenir del liberalismo
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