How good are detection proposals, really?

Current top performing Pascal VOC object detectors employ detection proposals to guide the search for objects thereby avoiding exhaustive sliding window search across images. Despite the popularity of detection proposals, it is unclear which trade-offs are made when using them during object detection. We provide an in depth analysis of ten object proposal methods along with four baselines regarding ground truth annotation recall (on Pascal VOC 2007 and ImageNet 2013), repeatability, and impact on DPM detector performance. Our findings show common weaknesses of existing methods, and provide insights to choose the most adequate method for different settings

Learning non-maximum suppression

Object detectors have hugely profited from moving towards an end-to-end learning paradigm: proposals, features, and the classifier becoming one neural network improved results two-fold on general object detection. One indispensable component is non-maximum suppression (NMS), a post-processing algorithm responsible for merging all detections that belong to the same object. The de facto standard NMS algorithm is still fully hand-crafted, suspiciously simple, and -- being based on greedy clustering with a fixed distance threshold -- forces a trade-off between recall and precision. We propose a new network architecture designed to perform NMS, using only boxes and their score. We report experiments for person detection on PETS and for general object categories on the COCO dataset. Our approach shows promise providing improved localization and occlusion handling.Comment: Added "Supplementary material" titl

Taking a Deeper Look at Pedestrians

In this paper we study the use of convolutional neural networks (convnets) for the task of pedestrian detection. Despite their recent diverse successes, convnets historically underperform compared to other pedestrian detectors. We deliberately omit explicitly modelling the problem into the network (e.g. parts or occlusion modelling) and show that we can reach competitive performance without bells and whistles. In a wide range of experiments we analyse small and big convnets, their architectural choices, parameters, and the influence of different training data, including pre-training on surrogate tasks. We present the best convnet detectors on the Caltech and KITTI dataset. On Caltech our convnets reach top performance both for the Caltech1x and Caltech10x training setup. Using additional data at training time our strongest convnet model is competitive even to detectors that use additional data (optical flow) at test time

What makes for effective detection proposals?

Current top performing object detectors employ detection proposals to guide the search for objects, thereby avoiding exhaustive sliding window search across images. Despite the popularity and widespread use of detection proposals, it is unclear which trade-offs are made when using them during object detection. We provide an in-depth analysis of twelve proposal methods along with four baselines regarding proposal repeatability, ground truth annotation recall on PASCAL, ImageNet, and MS COCO, and their impact on DPM, R-CNN, and Fast R-CNN detection performance. Our analysis shows that for object detection improving proposal localisation accuracy is as important as improving recall. We introduce a novel metric, the average recall (AR), which rewards both high recall and good localisation and correlates surprisingly well with detection performance. Our findings show common strengths and weaknesses of existing methods, and provide insights and metrics for selecting and tuning proposal methods.Comment: TPAMI final version, duplicate proposals removed in experiment

Venture Capital Investment in the Life Sciences in Switzerland

Innovation is one of the main driving factors for continuous and healthy economic growth and welfare. Switzerland as a resource-poor country is particularly dependent on innovation, and the life sciences, which comprise biotechnologies, (bio)pharmaceuticals, medical technologies and diagnostics, are one of the key areas of innovative strength of Switzerland. Venture capital financing and venture capitalists (frequently called 'VCs') and investors in public equities have played and still play a pivotal role in financing the Swiss biotechnology industry. In the following some general features of venture capital investment in life sciences as well as some opportunities and challenges which venture capital investors in Switzerland are facing are highlighted. In addition certain means to counteract these challenges including the 'Zukunftsfonds Schweiz' are discussed

PERJANJIAN BANTUAN TIMBAL BALIK DALAM MASALAH PIDANA ANTARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA DAN REPUBLIK SOSIALIS VIETNAM

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah pemberian bantuan timbal balik dalam masalah pidana antara Republik Indonesia dan Republik Sosialis Vietnam dan bagaimanakah penolakan bantuan timbal balik dalam masalah pidana antara Republik Indonesia dan Republik Sosialis Vietnam di mana dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif disimpulkan: 1. Pemberian bantuan timbal balik dalam masalah pidana antara Republik Indonesia dan Republik Sosialis Vietnam diantaranya pencarian dan pengidentifikasian orang dan barang; pemeriksaan barang dan lokasi, penyampaian dokumen, termasuk dokumen untuk mengupayakan kehadiran orang; penyediaan informasi, dokumen, catatan, dan barang bukti, penyediaan dokumen asli atau salinan resmi yang relevan, catatan, dan barang bukti, penyediaan barang, termasuk peminjaman barang bukti, penggeledahan dan penyitaan, pengambilan barang bukti dan keterangan dan bantuan timbali balik dalam masalah pidana lainnya. 2. Penolakan bantuan timbal balik dalam masalah pidana antara Republik Indonesia dan Republik Sosialis Vietnam dilakukan apabila menurut pandangan Pihak Diminta, pelaksanaan permintaan dimaksud akan mengganggu kedaulatan, keamanan, ketertiban umum, atau kepentingan umum dan permintaan terkait dengan tindak pidana yang tersangkanya telah dinyatakan tidak bersalah atau diampuni serta permintaan terkait dengan suatu penuntutan terhadap seseorang atas tindak pidana yang telah dijatuhi putusan yang berkekuatan hukum tetap.Kata kunci: bantuan timbal balik