FNCA Guideline on Development of Hydrogel and Oligosaccharides by Radiation Processing

FNCA電子加速器利用プロジェクトで研究開発が進められている超吸水材として乾燥地の土壌改良に有用なハイドロゲルと葉面散布による植物の成長促進効果が発現できるオリゴ糖類の放射線加工による作成についてのガイドラインである。2009年に初版が編纂されたが、2016年までの研究成果を反映させて、内容を更新した

Efficacy of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping with Brain Surface Correction and Vein Removal for Detecting Increase Magnetic Susceptibility in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Purpose: Studies on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) have reported an increase in magnetic susceptibilities in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the pathological importance of the brain surface areas, they are sometimes excluded in QSM analysis. This study aimed to reveal the efficacy of QSMMethods: Thirty-seven AD patients and 37 age- and sex-matched, cognitively normal (CN) subjects were included. A 3D-gradient echo sequence at 3T MRI was used to obtain QSM. QSM images were created with regularization enabled sophisticated harmonic artifact reduction for phase data (RESHARP) and constrained RESHARP with BSC and/or VR. We conducted ROI analysis between AD patients and CN subjects who did or did not undergo BSC and/or VR using a t-test, to compare the susceptibility values after gray matter weighting. Results: The susceptibility values in RESHARP without BSC were significantly larger in AD patients than in CN subjects in one region (precentral gyrus, 8.1 +/- 2.9 vs. 6.5 +/- 2.1 ppb) without VR and one region with VR (precentral gyrus, 7.5 +/- 2.8 vs. 5.9 +/- 2.0 ppb). Three regions in RESHARP with BSC had significantly larger susceptibilities without VR (precentral gyrus, 7.1 +/- 2.0 vs. 5.9 +/- 2.0 ppb; superior medial frontal gyrus, 5.7 +/- 2.6 vs. 4.2 +/- 3.1 ppb; putamen, 47,8 +/- 16.5 vs. 40.0 +/- 15.9 ppb). In contrast, six regions showed significantly larger susceptibilities with VR in AD patients than in CN subjects (precentral gyrus, 6.4 +/- 1.9 vs. 4.9 +/- 2.7 ppb; superior medial frontal gyrus, 5.3 +/- 2.7 vs. 3.7 +/- 3.3 ppb; orbitofrontal cortex, -2.1 +/- 2.7 vs. -3.6 +/- 3.2 ppb; parahippocampal gyrus, 0.1 +/- 3.6 vs. -1.7 +/- 3.7 ppb; putamen, 45.0 +/- 14.9 vs. 37.6 +/- 14.6 ppb; inferior temporal gyrus, -3.4 +/- 1.5 vs. -4.4 +/- 1.5 ppb).Conclusion: RESHARP with BSC and VR showed more regions of increased susceptibility in AD patients than in CN subjects. This study highlights the efficacy of this method in facilitating the diagnosis of AD