A general parametrization for the long-range part of neutrinoless double beta decay

Double beta decay has been proven to be a powerful tool to constrain $B-L$ violating physics beyond the standard model. We present a representation for the long-range part of the general $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay rate allowed by Lorentz-invariance. Combined with the short range part this general parametrization in terms of effective $B-L$ violating couplings will provide the $0\nu\beta\beta$ limits on arbitrary lepton number violating theories.Comment: Talk presented by H. P\"as at the Erice School on Nuclear Physics, 19th course "Neutrinos in Astro, Particle and Nuclear Physics", Erice, Italy, 16-24 September 1997, 2 pages, Latex, requires worldsci.st

Correcting 100 years of misunderstanding: electric fields in superconductors, hole superconductivity, and the Meissner effect

From the outset of superconductivity research it was assumed that no electrostatic fields could exist inside superconductors, and this assumption was incorporated into conventional London electrodynamics. Yet the London brothers themselves initially (in 1935) had proposed an electrodynamic theory of superconductors that allowed for static electric fields in their interior, which they unfortunately discarded a year later. I argue that the Meissner effect in superconductors necessitates the existence of an electrostatic field in their interior, originating in the expulsion of negative charge from the interior to the surface when a metal becomes superconducting. The theory of hole superconductivity predicts this physics, and associated with it a macroscopic spin current in the ground state of superconductors ("Spin Meissner effect"), qualitatively different from what is predicted by conventional BCS-London theory. A new London-like electrodynamic description of superconductors is proposed to describe this physics. Within this theory superconductivity is driven by lowering of quantum kinetic energy, the fact that the Coulomb repulsion strongly depends on the character of the charge carriers, namely whether electron- or hole-like, and the spin-orbit interaction. The electron-phonon interaction does not play a significant role, yet the existence of an isotope effect in many superconductors is easily understood. In the strong coupling regime the theory appears to favor local charge inhomogeneity. The theory is proposed to apply to all superconducting materials, from the elements to the high $T_c$ cuprates and pnictides, is highly falsifiable, and explains a wide variety of experimental observations.Comment: Proceedings of the conference "Quantum phenomena in complex matter 2011 - Stripes 2011", Rome, 10 July -16 July 2011, to be published in J. Supercond. Nov. Mag

R-parity violation: Hide & Seek

We point out that, if R-parity is broken spontaneously, the neutralino can decay to the final state majoron plus neutrino, which from the experimental point of view is indistinguishable from the standard missing momentum signal of supersymmetry. We identify the regions of parameter space where this decay mode is dominant and show that they are independent of R-parity conserving SUSY parameters. Thus, (a) only very weak limits on R-parity violating couplings can be derived from the observation of missing momentum events and (b) at future collider experiments huge statistics might be necessary to establish that R-parity indeed is broken. Parameter combinations which give calculated relic neutralino density larger than the measured dark matter density in case of conserved R-parity are valid points in this scenario and their phenomenology at the LHC deserves to be studied.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; ref. added; matches published version (title changed in the published version

A superformula for neutrinoless double beta decay II: The short range part

A general Lorentz-invariant parameterization for the short-range part of the 0vBB decay rate is derived. Combined with the long range part already published this general parameterization in terms of effective B-L violating couplings allows one to extract the 0vBB limits on arbitrary lepton number violating theories.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, 2 figure

INDIGENOUS LAND TENURE AND LAND USE IN ALASKA: COMMUNITY IMPACTS OF THE ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETTLEMENT ACT

Through the utilization of qualitative methods such as archival analysis, semi-structured interviewing, comparative and extended case studies, and observation, this paper closely examines two related Alaska Native communities. Our purpose is to document the impact of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA) on land tenure, land use, and community structure. In all, 41 interviews were conducted, focusing on the following issues: (1) the role of the tribal government in relation to the regional and village corporate structure; (2) the recent changes in traditional land uses; and (3) how group decisions are made regarding land management and distribution of resources. By locating ANCSA within a broader context of economic, political, and cultural globalization that seeks to substitute traditional collective rights in land with individual tenure in a "free market" economy, the findings of this research may carefully and cautiously be applied beyond North America to other indigenous-state struggles regarding control of land and resources.United States. -- [Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act], Indians of North America -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Alaska, Land tenure -- Law and legislation -- Alaska, Indians of North America -- Alaska -- Claims, Indians of North America -- Land tenure -- Alaska, Indians of North America -- Alaska -- Government relations -- History, Land Economics/Use,

Asymptotic behavior of Cardassian cosmologies with exponential potentials

In this paper we analyze the asymptotic behavior of Cardassian cosmological models filled with a perfect fluid and a scalar field with an exponential potential. Cardassian cosmologies arise from modifications of the Friedmann equation, and among the different proposals within that framework we will choose those of the form $3H^2-\rho\propto \rho^n$ with $n<1$. We construct two three dimensional dynamical systems arising from the evolution equations, respectively adapted for studying the high and low energy limits. Using standard dynamical systems techniques we find the fixed points and characterize the solutions they represent. We pay especial attention to the properties inherent to the modifications and compare with the (standard) unmodified scenario. Among other interesting results, we find there are no late-time tracking attractors.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, revtex

Improved bounds on SUSY accompanied neutrinoless double beta decay

Neutrinoless double beta decay induced by light Majorana neutrino exchange between two decaying nucleons with squark/slepton exchange inside one and W exchange inside the other nucleon (so-called vector-scalar exchange) gives stringent limits on R-parity violating interactions. We have extended previous work by including the tensor contribution to the transition rate. We discuss the improved limits on trilinear \Rp -MSSM couplings imposed by the current experimental limit on the \znbb decay half-life of $^{76}$Ge.Comment: replaced by revised version to appear in Phys. Lett.