An integrated approach to cause-of-death analysis: cause-deleted life tables and decompositions of life expectancy

This article integrates two methods that analyze the implications of various causes of death for life expectancy. One of the methods attributes changes in life expectancy to various causes of death; the other method examines the effect of removing deaths from a particular cause on life expectancy. This integration is accomplished by new formulas that make clearer the interactions among causes of death in determining life expectancy. We apply our approach to changes in life expectancy in the United States between 1970 and 2000. We demonstrate, and explain analytically, the paradox that cancer is responsible for more years of life lost in 2000 than in 1970 despite the fact that declines in cancer mortality contributed to advances in life expectancy between 1970 and 2000.causes of death, decomposition method, decomposition technique, demography, life expectancy, life tables, morbidity, mortality

Las Herramientas Artísticas y el Desarrollo de las Habilidades Comunicativas en los Estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Comunicación de la Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco

La investigación titulada “Las herramientas artísticas y el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas en los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la comunicación de la Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco.” tuvo como objetivo principal identificar la influencia de las herramientas artísticas y las habilidades comunicativas. El trabajo fue desarrollado desde enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental, para ello se utilizó las técnicas del módulo, entrevista, prueba de entrada y salida, con el uso de los instrumentos correspondientes y con resultados procesados en el SPSS - 25. La población de estudio fueron los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación y ciencias de la comunicación de la Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, teniendo una muestra de 17 estudiantes participantes al taller. La investigación fue desarrollada desde diversas teorías de las artes escénicas, que nos permitieron acercarnos a la realidad y comprender los aspectos que atañen en las habilidades comunicativas, situación que se desarrolla con las herramientas que se trabajan en las disciplinas artística. Al concluir la investigación, se determinó que las herramientas artísticas influyen y potencian las habilidades comunicativas de los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación y Ciencias de la Comunicación de la Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco. Los datos obtenidos en las pruebas pre y post, confirman con un nivel de significancia de p=,003 que las habilidades comunicativas de los estudiantes mejoraron, después de aplicar el módulo, taller “Canto, expresión y escenario”.Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y ValleTesi

Compilación Legislativa Universitaria

Compilación Legislativa Universitaria. Coordinador: Jorge Olvera García. Compiladores: Hiram Raúl Piña Libien y Evangelina Sales Sánchez. Edición: Diciembre 2014 (UAEMéx).A lo largo de sus más de 180 años de historia, la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México ha tenido un papel determinante en la vida jurídica de la entidad que la alberga; ha sido cuna de numerosos juristas cuya labor hace posible que el Estado de Derecho se mantenga como una realidad tangible para la sociedad mexiquense. Todos estos hombres y mujeres bebieron de la fuente de una casa de estudios que ve en el respeto a las leyes una guía para todas las acciones que realiza en cumplimiento del compromiso que ha adquirido con la sociedad y que de igual manera, ha inculcado en todos sus estudiantes y trabajadores un profundo respeto por la ley y la convicción de que el mejor espacio para vivir es aquel en el que todos los integrantes de la sociedad ajustan sus actos a un marco de legalidad. Nuestros ideales de justicia tienen sus raíces en el pensamiento liberal de hombres que dedicaron su vida a hacer de México una nación libre de ignorancia, fanatismo e intolerancia; nuestra institución es consecuencia directa de la lucha ideológica de personajes como José María Luis Mora, a quien los mexicanos recordamos como honorable defensor de los intereses de la patria. Todos los actos de esta noble casa de estudios a través de los años han ido encaminados a honrar las aspiraciones de aquellos primeros liberales que añoraban transformar a nuestra nación a través del conocimiento y de un sistema de justicia congruente con las necesidades y las demandas de la ciudadaní

The Future of Smart Health

Longitudinal individual and crowdsourced health data from wearable sensors can be leveraged to increase the quality and length of life, giving rise to a new health data economy

Rat Indwelling Urinary Catheter Model of Candida albicans Biofilm Infection 2 3 4

ABSTRACT 24 Indwelling urinary catheters are commonly used in the management of 25 hospitalized patients. Candida can adhere to the device surface and propagate 26 as a biofilm. These communities differ from free-floating Candida, exhibiting high 27 tolerance to antifungal therapy. The significance of catheter-associated 28 candiduria is often unclear and treatment may be problematic considering the 29 biofilm drug resistant phenotype. Here we describe a rodent model for study of 30 urinary catheter-associated Candida albicans biofilm infection that mimics this 31 common process in patients. In the setting of a functioning, indwelling urinary 32 catheter in a rat, Candida proliferated as a biofilm on the device surface

Structural and Functional Analysis of EntV Reveals a 12 Amino Acid Fragment Protective Against Fungal Infections

Fungal pathogens are a continuing challenge due to few effective antifungals and a rise in resistance. In previous work, we described the inhibition of Candida albicans virulence following exposure to the 68 amino acid bacteriocin, EntV, secreted by Enterococcus faecalis. Here, to optimize EntV as a potential therapeutic and better understand its antifungal features, an X-ray structure is obtained. The structure consists of six alpha helices enclosing a seventh 16 amino acid helix (α7). The individual helices are tested for antifungal activity using in vitro and nematode infection assays. Interestingly, α7 retains antifungal, but not antibacterial activity and is also effective against Candida auris and Cryptococcus neoformans. Further reduction of α7 to 12 amino acids retains full antifungal activity, and excellent efficacy is observed in rodent models of C. albicans oropharyngeal, systemic, and venous catheter infections. Together, these results showcase EntV-derived peptides as promising candidates for antifungal therapeutic development

The Hidden Story of Heterogeneous B-raf V600E Mutation Quantitative Protein Expression in Metastatic Melanoma-Association with Clinical Outcome and Tumor Phenotypes

In comparison to other human cancer types, malignant melanoma exhibits the greatest amount of heterogeneity. After DNA-based detection of the BRAF V600E mutation in melanoma patients, targeted inhibitor treatment is the current recommendation. This approach, however, does not take the abundance of the therapeutic target, i.e., the B-raf V600E protein, into consideration. As shown by immunohistochemistry, the protein expression profiles of metastatic melanomas clearly reveal the existence of inter-and intra-tumor variability. Nevertheless, the technique is only semi-quantitative. To quantitate the mutant protein there is a fundamental need for more precise techniques that are aimed at defining the currently non-existent link between the levels of the target protein and subsequent drug efficacy. Using cutting-edge mass spectrometry combined with DNA and mRNA sequencing, the mutated B-raf protein within metastatic tumors was quantitated for the first time. B-raf V600E protein analysis revealed a subjacent layer of heterogeneity for mutation-positive metastatic melanomas. These were characterized into two distinct groups with different tumor morphologies, protein profiles and patient clinical outcomes. This study provides evidence that a higher level of expression in the mutated protein is associated with a more aggressive tumor progression. Our study design, comprised of surgical isolation of tumors, histopathological characterization, tissue biobanking, and protein analysis, may enable the eventual delineation of patient responders/non-responders and subsequent therapy for malignant melanoma

The Human Melanoma Proteome Atlas—Complementing the melanoma transcriptome

The MM500 meta‐study aims to establish a knowledge basis of the tumor proteome to serve as a complement to genome and transcriptome studies. Somatic mutations and their effect on the transcriptome have been extensively characterized in melanoma. However, the effects of these genetic changes on the proteomic landscape and the impact on cellular processes in melanoma remain poorly understood. In this study, the quantitative mass‐spectrometry‐based proteomic analysis is interfaced with pathological tumor characterization, and associated with clinical data. The melanoma proteome landscape, obtained by the analysis of 505 well‐annotated melanoma tumor samples, is defined based on almost 16 000 proteins, including mutated proteoforms of driver genes. More than 50 million MS/MS spectra were analyzed, resulting in approximately 13,6 million peptide spectrum matches (PSMs). Altogether 13 176 protein‐coding genes, represented by 366 172 peptides, in addition to 52 000 phosphorylation sites, and 4 400 acetylation sites were successfully annotated. This data covers 65% and 74% of the predicted and identified human proteome, respectively. A high degree of correlation (Pearson, up to 0.54) with the melanoma transcriptome of the TCGA repository, with an overlap of 12 751 gene products, was found. Mapping of the expressed proteins with quantitation, spatiotemporal localization, mutations, splice isoforms, and PTM variants was proven not to be predicted by genome sequencing alone. The melanoma tumor molecular map was complemented by analysis of blood protein expression, including data on proteins regulated after immunotherapy. By adding these key proteomic pillars, the MM500 study expands the knowledge on melanoma disease

Synthetic spectra for Lyman-α\alpha forest analysis in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Synthetic data sets are used in cosmology to test analysis procedures, to verify that systematic errors are well understood and to demonstrate that measurements are unbiased. In this work we describe the methods used to generate synthetic datasets of Lyman-$\alpha$ quasar spectra aimed for studies with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). In particular, we focus on demonstrating that our simulations reproduces important features of real samples, making them suitable to test the analysis methods to be used in DESI and to place limits on systematic effects on measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). We present a set of mocks that reproduce the statistical properties of the DESI early data set with good agreement. Additionally, we use full survey synthetic data to forecast the BAO scale constraining power with DESI.Comment: 42 pages, 17 figures, 7 table