Dampak Kerusakan Terumbu Karang terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Ikan di Desa Pulau Lemukutan Kabupaten Bengkayang Propinsi Kalimantan Barat

Wilayah pesisir dan lautan merupakan kawasan yang menyimpan kekayaan sumber daya alam hayati laut yang sangat berguna bagi kehidupan manusia. Akibat aktifitas masyarakat yang semakin meningkat menyebabkan kerusakan terumbu karang yang semakin tahun semakin meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu : menentukan tingkat kerusakan terumbu karang di Desa pulau Lemukutan; menganalisis dampak kerusakan terumbu karang terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan oleh nelayan secara tradisional di Desa pulau Lemukutan dan menghitung besarnya tingkat pendapatan nelayan di Desa Pulau Lemukutan Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kepulauan, Kabupaten Bengkayang Propinsi Kalimantan Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengamatan terumbu karang adalah dengan menggunakan metode manta taw dan metode regresi berganda digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan desa pulau Lemukutan. Program yang dapat membantu dalam penelitian ini yaitu Microsoft Excel 2007 dan SPSS Ver. 16.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu persentase tutupan karang hidup di Desa pulau Lemukutan berdasarkan 4 titik pengamatan yang dilakukan pada tahun 2013 pada lokasi pantai Air Tiris (Lemukutan A) yaitu 56,5 % (Kategori bagus), pada lokasi pantai Teluk Melanau (Lemukutan B) yaitu 51 % (Kategori bagus), pada lokasi pantai Teluk Cina (Lemukutan C) yaitu 21 % (Kategori Rusak) dan pada lokasi pantai Teluk Surau (Lemukutan D) yaitu 47 % (Kategori sedang); Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan di Desa pulau Lemukutan ialah Perubahan cuaca, frekuensi melaut, terumbu karang dan adanya pencemar. Terumbu karang merupakan faktor yang paling signifikan mempengaruhi hasil tangkapan ikan, apabila semakin baik kondisi tutupan terumbu karang maka hasil tangkapan ikan cenderung meningkat dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,917 dan rata - rata tingkat pendapatan nelayan Desa Lemukutan Rp 189.000,- persekali melaut. Dengan pendapatan terendah nelayan Desa pulau Lemukutan sebesar Rp 59.000,- dan pendapatan tertinggi nelayan Desa pulau Lemukutan sebesar Rp 480.000,-

Building Monitoring System Based on Zigbee

This paper presents the building monitoring system that can determine the building condition in real time and ensure the safety of building operations. This monitoring building system can detect the ambient, CO gas, fan, water leak, and also intrusion detectors, through a wired sensor network. Then the data is processed by a main controller to generate a report that sent to the inspectors through ZigBee and / or sound an alarm if the situation is considered dangerous. Prototype of this monitoring system shows precision and stability with minimal error rate. Main controller can receive data from the sensor network properly and send it through ZigBee modules

Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Dampak Pertambangan Batubara pada Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat di Kecamatan Talawi, Sawahlunto, Sumatera Barat

Kegiatan pertambangan batubara di Kecamatan Talawi menimbulkan dampak terhadap masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik masyarakat di sekitar kegiatan pertambangan, mengetahui dampak kegiatan pertambangan batubara terhadap kondisi sosial-ekonomi dan lingkungan serta mengetahui persepsi masyarakat terhadap dampak pertambangan pada kondisi sosial ekonomi serta lingkungan. Metode penelitian adalah metode kuantitatif. Dampak pertambangan terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi serta lingkungan dianalisis secara desktiptif kuantitatif. Penilaian persepsi menggunakan skoring. Uji statistik menggunakan Kendal Tau dan Pearson untuk melihat korelasi dan regresi linear berganda, mulltinomial logistik untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar masyarakat bekerja pada bidang tambang dengan pendidikan hingga SMA. Pendapatan masyarakat umumnya sebesar ≥Rp.2500000,-/bulan. Persepsi masyarakat menyatakan pertambangan tidak menimbulkan konflik dan memberikan kesempatan kerja kepada masyarakat lokal. Persepsi masyarakat pada Desa Sijantang Koto, Batu Tanjung dan Tumpuk Tangah menunjukkan nilai dominan pada terbukanya kesempatan kerja tetapi persepsi terhadap dampak lingkungan tergolong rendah diakibatkan masyarakat merasakan adanya kerusakan jalan, pencemaran air dan debu akibat kegiatan pertambangan

Seasonal variation of arsenic concentrations in tubewells in west Bengal, India.

This study was conducted to monitor the changes in arsenic concentration during different seasons in a one-year period during 2002-2003 in selected tubewells in an arsenic-affected area in the district of South 24 Parganas in West Bengal, India, and to map the location of the wells. Seasonal variations in concentrations of arsenic in water were measured from 74 selected tubewells, ranging in depth from 40 to 500 feet. Water samples were collected from these wells during winter, summer, monsoon, and the following winter in 2002-2003. A global positioning system was used for locating the tubewells, and a geographic information system was used for mapping. There was evidence of seasonal variation in concentrations of arsenic in water (p=0.02) with the minimum average concentration occurring in the summer season (694 microg/L) and the maximum in the monsoon season (906 microg/L). From the winter of 2002 to the winter of 2003, arsenic concentrations increased, irrespective of the depth of the tubewells, from an average of 464 microg/L to 820 microg/L (p<0.001). This extent of variation in arsenic concentration, if confirmed, has important implications for both epidemiological research and mitigation programmes

Isolation of Antioxidant Compounds of Methanol Extract of Nutmeg Leaves (Myristica Fragrans Houtt)

.The antioxidant activity from methanol extract of nutmeg leaves (Myristica fragrans Houtt) was performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH). Antioxidant assay using DPPH of the methanol extract at a concentration of 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm, showed high antioxidant activity with IC50 = 36.31 ppm and Vitamin C showed antioxidant activity with IC50 = 3.657 ppm. The methanol extract of nutmeg leaves were partitioned with chloroform to obtain chloroform extract of the leaves with IC50 = 28.30 ppm. isolation of the active compounds from the chloroform extract of the nutmeg leaf using column chromatography yielded 6 mix fractions MFMD 1, MFMD 2, MFMD 3, MFMD 4, MFMD 5 and MFMD 6. The test results of antioxidant activity in very strong category is fractions MFMD 4, MFMD 3, MFMD 2, MFMD 6 and MFMD 5 with IC50 of each are 26.590 ppm, 27.239 ppm, 29.639 ppm, 39.766 ppm and 55.436 ppm, while antioxidant activity in a weak catagory is fraction MFMD 1 with IC50 is 126.270 ppm. This shows that the fraction of the leaf has a better inhibitory activity, because some of the active compound contained in the fraction can synergize in inhibiting free radicals, so that the IC50 value of the fraction is stronger than the extract

Effect of Plasticizers on Mechanical Properties of Edible Film From Janeng Starch – Chitosan

The interest in the development of edible and biodegradable films has increased because it is every day more evident that non degradable are doing much damage to the environment. In this research, edible films were based on blends of janeng starch in different proportions, added of palm oil or glycerol, which were used as plasticizers. The objective was to study the effect of two different plasticizers, palm oil and glycerol of edible film from janeng starch–chitosan on the mechanical properties and FTIR spectra. Increasing concentration of glycerol as plasticizer resulted tend to increased tensile strength and elongation at break. The tensile strength and elongation at break values for palm oil is higher than glycerol as plasticizer at the same concentration. FTIR spectra show the process of making edible film from janeng starch–chitosan with palm oil or glycerol as plasticizers are physically mixing in the presence of hydrogen interactions between chains

'Decision support system (DSS) for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among hypertensive (HTN) patients in Andhra Pradesh, India'--a cluster randomised community intervention trial.

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.BACKGROUND: Very few studies having decision support systems as an intervention report on patient outcomes for cardiovascular disease in the Western world. The potential role of decision support system for the management of blood pressure among Indian hypertensives remains unclear. We propose a cluster randomised trial that aims to test the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of DSS among Indian hypertensive patients. METHODS: The trial design is a cluster randomised community intervention trial, in which the participants would be adult male and female hypertensive patients, in the age group of 35 to 64 years, reporting to the Primary Health Care centres of Mahabubnagar district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The objective of the study is to test the effectiveness and compare the cost effectiveness and cost utility among hypertensive subjects randomized to receive either decision support system or a chart based algorithmic support system in urban and rural areas of a district in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India (baseline versus 12 months follow up). The primary outcome would be a comparison of the systolic blood pressure at 0 and 12 months among hypertensive patients randomized to receive the decision support system or the chart based algorithmic support system. Computer generated randomisation and an investigator and analyser blinded method would be followed. 1600 participants; 800 to each arm; each arm having eight clusters of hundred participants each have been recruited between 01 August 2011 - 01 March 2012. A twelve month follow up will be completed by March 2013 and results are expected by April 2013. DISCUSSION: This cluster randomized community intervention trial on DSS will enable policy makers to find out the effectiveness, cost effectiveness and cost utility of decision support system for management of blood pressure among hypertensive patients in India. Most of the previous studies on decision support system have focused on physician performance, adherence and on preventive care reminders. The uniqueness of the proposed study lies in finding out the effectiveness of a decision support system on patient related outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2012/03/002476, Clinical Trial Registry - India

Assessment of Pesticide Use in Major Vegetables From Farmers\u27 Perception and Knowledge in Dhading District, Nepal

A field study was carried out to assess the pesticide use status in major vegetable crops from farmers\u27 perception and knowledge in Dhading, Nepal in 2019. Field study was carried with 100 commercial farmer\u27s using semi-structure questionnaire by face to face interview. This study was analyzed by categorization of farmers into small holder (51) and large holder (49) groups on the basis of mean area of vegetable cultivation (6.48 ropani). The highest amount of pesticides is needed in tomato in both large holders and small holders according to the farmer\u27s experience. Among the study farmer\u27s, 41% of them spray the pesticides by making a cocktail or mixed method and 56%  follow the waiting period of 3-5 days in both of the cases. A significant positive correlation was found at 5% level of significance between the knowledge and practice pattern of waiting period of the pesticides and negative correlation was found between the Personal Protective equipment score and health hazard score. Headache was the major health hazards faced by the farmers which was higher in small holders (66.7%) as compared to the large holders (46.9%). Mask was the most used PPE by the farmer\u27s i.e. by 83% in overall. Fourty three percent of the farmer\u27s throw the pesticide containers in secret place after using of it.The use of PPE was seen lower in small holders as compared to the large holders. This study reveals the necessities of suitable program and policies regarding the knowledge, safe handling and use of pesticide among the farmer\u27s level

Reconstruction of symmteric teleparallel gravity with energy conditions

This research investigates the impact of modified gravity on cosmic scales, focusing on $f(Q)$ cosmology. By applying energy conditions, the study reconstructs various $f(Q)$ models, considering an accelerating Universe, quintessence, and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. Using up-to-date observational data, including the Supernova Pantheon sample and cosmic chronometer data, Hubble constants $H_0$ are estimated as $70.37^{+0.84}_{-0.92}$ km/sec/Mpc (from $H(z)$ data) and $70.02^{+0.44}_{-0.25}$ km/sec/Mpc (from pantheon compilation of SN Ia data). The matter energy density parameter ($\Omega_{0m}$) is calculated as $0.26^{0.015}_{-0.010}$(OHD) and $0.27^{0.025}_{-0.014}$(SN Ia). Furthermore, as a function of redshift $z$, explicit expressions of $f(Q)$ and the EOS parameter $\omega$ are produced, and their graphical analysis describes the late time acceleration of the Universe without the usage of dark energy.Comment: 11 pages, 7 Figure