Evaluation of cell proliferation rate in non-dysplastic leukoplakias

Objective: Analyze whether the most frequent cases of non-dysplastic leukoplakias, hyperkeratosis (H), acanthosis (A), and hyperkeratosis with acanthosis (HA) have similar cell proliferation rates and to compare them with epithelial dysplastic (ED) leukoplakias and normal oral epithelium (NOE).Study design: The sample comprised 10 cases of normal oral epithelium, 10 cases of hyperkeratosis, 10 cases of acanthosis, 10 cases of hyperkeratosis with acanthosis and 10 cases of epithelial dysplasia. The mean number of AgNORs per nucleus (mAgNOR) and the mean percentage of cells with 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more AgNORs per nucleus (pAgNOR) were recorded. Results: The results of mAgNOR showed differences between disorders in the evaluation of the basal layer, of the parabasal layer, and in the overall evaluation. mAgNOR and pAgNOR=2 increased progressively from normal oral epithelium to hyperkeratosis with acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and epithelial dysplasia (p<0.05). Cell proliferation rate was different between different subtypes of non-dysplastic leukoplakias and this group presented a higher proliferative behavior when compared to normal oral epithelium. Conclusion: It may be suggested that non-dysplastic leukoplakias had different characteristics regarding cell proliferation rates and sometimes showed a proliferative behavior similar to that found in epithelial dysplasia. More studies should be conduced to increase knowledge about the biological profile of non-dysplastic leukoplakias, especially as it pertains to acanthosis

Overexpression of ALDH1 and EMT marker profile are linked with unfavorable outcome in head and neck cancer

The aim of this research was to assess the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to correlate them with the clinical and histopathological parameters of a patient cohort with follow-up over an 8-year period. For this, seventeen HNSCC and non-neoplastic adjacent epithelium (AE) samples were subjected to laser microdissection and real-time PCR to evaluate the mRNA expression of ALDH1, E-cadherin (E-CAD), N-cadherin (N-CAD), and vimentin (VIM). Also, immunohistochemistry was performed for ALDH1, E-CAD, N-CAD, and VIM in the tumor center (TC), invasion front (IF), and AE of the seventeen samples. Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests were used to correlate the mRNA and immunohistochemical expression with different variables, considering p<0.05. Kaplan-Meier curves were produced for local recurrence, regional metastasis and treatment. A mRNA overexpression of ALDH1 in primary tumors was associated with regional metastasis and a high ALDH1 immunostaining was related to metastasis and a worse patient outcome. Additionally, a favorable outcome was associated with the transition phase and an unfavorable outcome was associated with EMT event. An overall 26.9 months was observed with longer survival associated with surgery and radiotherapy. However, due to the intense variability inherent to the indicator proteins in the EMT process, the complete profile markers related to this biological process should be continuous investigated

Non-muscle myosin II as a predictive factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The present study attempted to provide information regarding non-muscle myosin II (MII) isoforms immunoreactivity in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and analysis of the patients? clinical status after 5 years of monitoring. A semiquantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity of the MII isoforms was performed in 54 surgical specimens and its correlation with clinical and pathological variables and prognosis was verified. Data were analyzed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. To evaluate the survival over the total monitoring time and any connection with the proteins studied, the Kaplan-Meier analysis was used. P values ?0.05 were considered statistically significant. In the advanced stages of pathological tumor-node-metastasis, the expression of MIIB in adjacent non-neoplastic epithelial tissues tended to increase (p = 0.057). In tumoral zones there was an association of high expression among the three isoforms (MIIA/MIIB p=0,001, MIIB/MIIC p=0,006 and MIIA/MIIC p=0,012). Negative clinical evolution in patients was directly correlated to increased MIIC expression in the tumoral zone of invasion in HNSCC (p = 0.017). Based on clinical evolution after the monitoring period, patients with tumors expressing MIIC had poorer prognoses (p = 0.048). The present study suggests that MIIB expression in non-neoplastic adjacent epithelial tissues may indicate a potential for regional metastasis and that MIIC expression in the tumoral zone of invasion is predictive of negative evolution of the disease

Perfil sócio demográfico dos pacientes e avaliação da imunoexpressão de CD44 e ALDH1 em carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço : centro do tumor e zona de invasão

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Perfil sócio demográfico dos pacientes e avaliação da imunoexpressão de CD44 e ALDH1 em carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço : centro do tumor e zona de invasão

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Quantificação das AgNORs nos distúrbios de maturação epitelial presentes em leucoplasias da mucosa bucal

A leucoplasia se caracteriza por apresentar, microscopicamente, hiperceratose, acantose ou displasia epitelial. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a velocidade de proliferação celular destes distúrbios de maturação epitelial por meio da Técnica de AgNOR. A amostra foi constituída de 50 blocos de parafina distribuídos em 5 grupos de acordo com seu diagnóstico histopatológico em hiperceratose, hiperceratose com acantose, acantose, displasia epitelial e epitélio normal. Para cada grupo foram avaliadas as células da camada basal e suprabasal e a quantificação das AgNORs foi realizada através da média dos pontos de AgNOR por núcleo, da área média dos pontos de AgNOR por núcleo e do percentual médio de células com 1, 2, 3 e 4 ou mais pontos de AgNOR por núcleo. Verificou-se que a média de pontos de AgNOR por núcleo aumentou gradualmente do epitélio normal, hiperceratose com acantose, hiperceratose, acantose até a displasia epitelial. Na comparação em relação à área média dos pontos de AgNOR por núcleo observou-se diferença significativa entre o epitélio normal e os demais grupos. Verificou-se ainda que em todos os grupos há o predomínio de células com 1 AgNOR, e o epitélio normal apresentou valor superior No entanto, a displasia epitelial apresentou maior percentual de células com 4 ou mais AgNORs por núcleo, demonstrando o maior potencial de transformação maligna, uma vez que este parâmetro pode representar um sinal de malignidade. Todavia, os três métodos de quantificação não foram capazes de distinguir os distúrbios de maturação epitelial entre si. A partir dos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que os distúrbios de maturação epitelial estudados apresentam ritmo de proliferação celular semelhante e que, dentre eles, a acantose e displasia epitelial têm comportamento de maior risco. Portanto, uma leucoplasia que apresente qualquer um dos distúrbios de maturação epitelial no diagnóstico histopatológico, a conduta clínica deve ser semelhante