Indices de precios individuales para la economía española con base de 1976 y 1983

En este documento se informa sobre la disponibilidad de series temporales de periodicidad anual de índices individuales de precios de consumo. Los "individuos" son los hogares de las dos grandes Encuestas de Presupuestos Familiares realizadas en 197374 Y --1980-81 por el Instituto Nacional de Estadistica. Las series se han obtenido a partir de la información públicada para los dos últimos sistemas oficiales del índice de Precios de Consumo, basado en 1976 y el aun vigente con base de 1983. La documentación técnica de los distintos ficheros va precedida de una explicación de los rasgos generales de un sistema de índices de precios de consumo y de las características esenciales del sistema español

Rehabilitación cognitiva en la esquizofrenia: estado actual y perspectivas futuras

La rehabilitación de la función cognitiva en la esquizofrenia es un área donde se han ido acumulando importantes avances en las últimas décadas. Hoy día existen numerosos estudios que apuntan la posibilidad de mejora en las alteraciones cognitivas tradicionalmente vinculadas a la enfermedad (memoria, atención, funcionamiento ejecutivo) y se han desarrollado programas específicos que pretenden la recuperación de la función. El presente trabajo pretende, por un lado dar una panorámica general del estado actual de la cuestión, revisando desde un punto de vista crítico los datos actuales y las necesidades futuras de investigación, por otro aportar información sobre las características básicas y apoyo empírico de algunos de los programas de intervención de mayor alcance.The rehabilitation of cognitive function in schizophrenia it is an area where it have been accumulated important advances in the last decades. Today there is numerous studies that point the improvement possibility in cognitive alterations traditionally related to the disease (memory, attention and executive functioning) and specifics programs have been developed to try to recover the function. The present work tries, by a side to give a general panoramic of the actual state of the question, reviewing from a critical point of view the present data and the future necessities of investigation, by another one to contribute information on basics characteristics and empirical support of some of the intervention programs of greater reach

Deal with childhood obesity through the teaching of healthy habits at school

RESUMEN El principal propósito de este trabajo es diseñar una propuesta de intervención didáctica interdisciplinar con el fin de promover hábitos saludables de manera continuada en el tiempo y abordar la problemática de la obesidad infantil, tan presente hoy en día. Para ello, se ha revisado la literatura existente en relación a la salud y a la obesidad infantil, prestando especial atención a las causas y factores que influyen negativamente en la alimentación del alumnado, sus consecuencias a corto y largo plazo, los aspectos que se han de tener en cuenta para educar en el desarrollo de hábitos saludables, así como la importancia que tienen todos los agentes educativos en la prevención de la obesidad infantil. También se ha incluido una revisión de las guías y recursos que ofrece el gobierno de Cantabria sobre este asunto. Los resultados muestran que una buena educación para la salud, junto con su práctica continuada en el día a día y la colaboración por parte de todos los agentes educativos, hace posible una mejora en los hábitos diarios relacionados con la alimentación del alumnado.ABSTRACT The main objective of this project is to design an interdisciplinary didactic unit in order to promote healthy habits continuously over the time and to address the problem of childhood obesity, so present nowadays. To this end, the existing bibliography on child health and obesity has been reviewed, paying special attention to the causes and negative factors which influence in the children´s nutrition, it´s short and long term consequences, the aspects that must be taken into account to educate in the development of healthy habits as well as the importance of all educational agents in the prevention of childhood obesity, including a review of the guidelines and resources offered by the Government of Cantabria related to this topic. The results show that a good health education together with their daily practice and collaboration by all the agents involved in education, makes possible an improvement in daily habits related to the feeding of the studentsGrado en Magisterio en Educación Primari

Microstructures, diagenesis and seasonal evidences in Crassotrea sp. valves from Upper Albian-Lower Cenomanian in the Somocuevas beach (Liencres, Cantabria)

The microstructural and cathodoluminescence (CL) study of Crassotrea sp. shells of Somocuevas, Cantabria (Upper Albian-Lower Cenomanian) has allowed to determinate that the dominant diagenetic process involved in the shells has been freatic meteoric, with cementación process in the pores and preservation of the initial microstructure of the oysters. The main microstructures are: Regular simple prismatic (RSP), Regular foliated (RF) and Complex cross foliated (CCF). These microstructures present a variable luminescence. The RSP exhibits a yellow-bright luminescence. The RF is not luminescent or presents a dull red luminescence, and the CCF has a medium to bright yellow luminescence. It is also observable the presence of dark growth lines with yellow bright luminescence in the RF, that are related with fractures in the umbo zone. It is proposed that these zones indicate anual growth lines that can be used to determinate seasonalit

Recovery in the normal growth patterns of Crassostrea gigas oysters in the Santander Bay (Cantabria): effects of the TBT biocide ban

El estudio morfológico y biométrico de las ostras Crassostrea gigas en la Bahía de Santander (Cantabria) indica que la mayoría de estos bivalvos exhiben actualmente patrones de crecimiento normales, en contraposición a estudios previos, que indicaban desarrollo de anomalías en las conchas debido a su exposición al tributilo de estaño (TBT), un aditivo presente en pinturas antiincrustantes hasta su prohibición total en 2008. Por lo tanto, la prohibición del agente químico ha tenido un efecto positivo en el ecosistema marino, no detectándose efectos severos y rápidos de los nuevos antiincrustantes, probablemente presentes en las aguas, sobre la concha de las ostrasThe morphological and biometrical study of the oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Santander Bay (Cantabria) indicates that most of the bivalve specimens exhibit normal shell growth patterns. This is in sharp contrast to previous studies, which showed shell abnormalities developed due to the exposition to tributyltin (TBT), an additive found in antifouling paints until its total ban in 2008. Therefore, the ban of the chemical has had a positive effect on the marine ecosystem, with no severe and quick effects of new antifoulings, probably present in the waters, on the oyster shell

Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer with a fiber ring laser working on the SLM regime

In this paper we present the employment of an Erbium Fiber Ring Laser structure working on the Single Longitudinal Mode regime within a Brillouin optical time domain analyzer. An analysis of some key laser parameters will be carried out, proving that a very stable operation is achieved. The associated performance of the BOTDA system, as well as the possible benefits derived from the use of the proposed laser design will also be discussed.This work has been supported by the projects TEC2013-47264-C2-1-R and TEC2016-76021-C2-2-R

Bond strength of orthodontic brackets using different light and self-curing cements

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of stainless steel orthodontic brackets directly bonded to extracted human premolar teeth. Fifty teeth were randomly divided into five groups: (1) System One (chemically cured composite resin), (2) Light Bond (light-cured composite resin), (3) Vivaglass Cem (self-curing glass ionomer cement), (4) Fuji Ortho LC (light-cured glass ionomer cement) used after 37% orthophosphoric acid–etching of enamel (5) Fuji Ortho LC without orthophosphoric acid–etching. The brackets were placed on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth, and the specimens were stored in distilled water (24 hours) at 37°C and thermocycled. Teeth were mounted on acrylic block frames, and brackets were debonded using an Instron machine. Shear bond strength values at fracture (Nw) were recorded. ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison tests were performed (P < .05). Bonding failure site was recorded by stereomicroscope and analyzed by Chi-square test, selected specimens of each group were observed by scanning electron microscope. System One attained the highest bond strength. Light Bond and Fuji Ortho LC, when using an acid-etching technique, obtained bond strengths that were within the range of estimated bond strength values for successful clinical bonding. Fuji Ortho LC and Vivaglass Cem left an almost clean enamel surface after debracketing.This research project was supported, in part, by grant CICYT/FEDER MAT2001-2843-C02. RED CYTED VIII.J

Feasibility study of a fiber ring laser working on the SLM regime in a BOTDA sensor

A feasibility study of the employment of a fiber laser working as the laser source of a Brillouin distributed sensor is presented in this paper. The erbium fiber ring laser structure designed works on the single longitudinal mode regime. The main parameters of the ring cavity are analyzed in terms of the laser requirements and the performance of a Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor using the fiber laser as light source.This work was supported by the Spanish Government and FEDER funds under Project TEC2016-76021-C2-2-

Feasibility study of strain and temperature discrimination in a BOTDA system via artificial neural networks

Automatic discrimination between strain and temperature in a Brillouin optical time domain analyzer via artificial neural networks is proposed and discussed in this paper. Using a standard monomode optical fiber as the sensing element, the ability of the proposed solution to detect the known changes that the Brillouin gain spectrum exhibits depending on the applied temperature and/or strain will be studied. Experimental results, where different simultaneous strain and temperature situations have been considered, will show the feasibility of this technique.This work has been supported by the projects TEC2013-47264-C2-1-R and TEC2016-76021-C2-2-R

Obtención de un pigmento de hematita mediante la transformación térmica del óxido superficial de varillas de acero corrugado

En esta investigación, se reporta la valorización de la cascarilla de óxido superficial de varillas de acero al carbono mediante su transformación térmica en un pigmento compuesto principalmente por hematita (ɑ-Fe2O3). Se utilizó la Fluorescencia de Rayos X (XRF) y la Difracción de Rayos X (XRD) para determinar el contenido elemental del residuo procesado e identificar los óxidos de hierro involucrados en la calcinación, respectivamente.&nbsp; El residuo siderúrgico en polvo se compone mayoritariamente por Fe2O3 (87.92 %), SiO2 (6.13 %), CaO (1.88 %), Al2O3 (1.30 %) y MnO (0.77 %). El contenido total de hierro tiene principalmente el siguiente contenido en óxidos de hierro: magnetita, maghemita, wustita, lepidocrocita, hematita y goetita. El tratamiento térmico del residuo a temperaturas de 750-850 °C y tiempos de sostenimiento de 0.5-1.50 h, evidenció una alta conversión de los óxidos de hierro precursores en hematita, con porcentajes de esta fase que oscilan entre 86.4 y 94.6 %. La mayor obtención de hematita se logró a una condición de 850 °C y 1.00 h. &nbsp;In this investigation work, the valuation of the surface oxide waste from reinforcing steel bars through to its thermal transformation into a pigment composed mainly of hematite (ɑ-Fe2O3) is reported. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the elemental content of the processed waste and identify the iron oxides involved in the calcination, respectively. The steelmaking waste powder is mainly composed by Fe2O3 (87.92 %), SiO2 (6.13 %), CaO (1.88 %), Al2O3 (1.30 %) and MnO (0.77 %). The total iron content corresponds to the following iron oxides: magnetite, maghemite, wustite, lepidocrocite, hematite and goethite. The thermal treatment of the residue at temperatures of 750-850 °C and holding times of 0.5-1.50 h, showed a high conversion of precursor iron oxides into hematite, with percentages of this phase ranging between 86.4 and 94.6%. The highest hematite obtaining was achieved at a condition of 850 °C and 1.00 h. &nbsp