Effect of various dosages of Ralgro® in the suckling period on weight gain during the growing period

We studied how implanting with various dosages of Ralgro® during the suckling period affected gains in the growing period. Preweaning performance was reported in the 1985 Cattlemen\u27s Day Report. All calves, regardless of suckling period treatment, received 36 mg Ralgro® at the start of the growing period. Average daily gains during the growing period were similar for all treatments. Consequently, the added weight obtained from the suckling-period implants was still present at the end of the growing period

Increased EZH2 expression in prostate cancer is associated with metastatic recurrence following external beam radiotherapy

Background Enhancer of zeste 2 (EZH2) promotes prostate cancer progression. We hypothesized that increased EZH2 expression is associated with postradiotherapy metastatic disease recurrence, and may promote radioresistance. Methods EZH2 expression was investigated using immunohistochemistry in diagnostic prostate biopsies of 113 prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy with curative intent. Associations between EZH2 expression in malignant and benign tissue in prostate biopsy cores and outcomes were investigated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. LNCaP and PC3 cell radiosensitivity was investigated using colony formation and γH2AX assays following UNC1999 chemical probe‐mediated EZH2 inhibition. Results While there was no significant association between EZH2 expression and biochemical recurrence following radiotherapy, univariate analysis revealed that prostate cancer cytoplasmic and total EZH2 expression were significantly associated with metastasis development postradiotherapy (P = 0.034 and P = 0.003, respectively). On multivariate analysis, the prostate cancer total EZH2 expression score remained statistically significant (P = 0.003), while cytoplasmic EZH2 expression did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.053). No association was observed between normal adjacent prostate EZH2 expression and biochemical recurrence or metastasis. LNCaP and PC3 cell treatment with UNC1999 reduced histone H3 lysine 27 tri‐methylation levels. Irradiation of LNCaP or PC3 cells with a single 2 Gy fraction with UNC1999‐mediated EZH2 inhibition resulted in a statistically significant, though modest, reduction in cell colony number for both cell lines. Increased γH2AX foci were observed 24 hours after ionizing irradiation in LNCaP cells, but not in PC3, following UNC1999‐mediated EZH2 inhibition vs controls. Conclusions Taken together, these results reveal that high pretreatment EZH2 expression in prostate cancer in diagnostic biopsies is associated with an increased risk of postradiotherapy metastatic disease recurrence, but EZH2 function may only at most play a modest role in promoting prostate cancer cell radioresistance

Comparison of steer feedlot performance and carcass trait uniformly by method of sorting

Long yearling steers (n=997) of various biological types from two origins were used to test performance and carcass trait uniformity of unsorted cattle, visually sorted cattle, and cattle sorted by ultrasound and hip height. No significant differences (P> .05) in initial backfat uniformity were identified between sorted and unsorted groups; however, very little variation existed across all treatments (.17±.033 in.). Initial backfat had positive linear relationships with initial weight and carcass backfat and negative linear relationships with days on feed and daily gain (P<.05). These data indicate a reliable measurement of initial backfat could be useful for predicting days on feed and/or carcass backfat in long yearling steers, but economic usefulness will depend upon the variability of the cattle and the method of grouping

Effect of various dosages of Ralgro® in the suckling period on weight gain during the growing period

We studied how implanting with various dosages of Ralgro® during the suckling period affected gains in the growing period. Preweaning performance was reported in the 1985 Cattlemen's Day Report. All calves, regardless of suckling period treatment, received 36 mg Ralgro® at the start of the growing period. Average daily gains during the growing period were similar for all treatments. Consequently, the added weight obtained from the suckling-period implants was still present at the end of the growing period

Effects of preweaning and post weaning implants on suckling, growing, and finishing steer performance

One hundred and ninety-five crossbred steers were used to compare lifetime implant strategies and study the effects of implanting during the suckling period on performance in the growing and finishing periods. There were no differences in growing period gains when both groups were implanted in the suckling period and the growing period. However, steers implanted in the suckling period but not implanted in the growing period had significantly lower gains than all other treatments including controls. Steers implanted only in the growing period had better feed efficiency in the growing period than both controls and steers implanted only in the suckling period. Steers reimplanted during the finishing period had similar finishing gains regardless of prior implant treatment, and all implanted cattle gained faster than controls in the finishing period. Steers not reimplanted during the finishing period had lower gains than those reimplanted. Implanting in the finishing period resulted in better feed efficiency. All implanted cattle that were reimplanted in the finishing period had higher lifetime gains than controls, but there was no difference between implant combinations. The only carcass characteristic changed by implanting was quality grade, which was reduced by all implant combinations with the exception of implanting only in the finishing period. Implanting during the suckling period did not reduce cattle performance during the growing and finishing periods when the steers were also implanted during these periods. This study emphasizes the importance of implanting twice in the finishing period to maximize finishing gain and final weight