Growth and mineral nutrition in seedlings of barbatimão subjected to nutrient deprivation

Com o objetivo de avaliar os requerimentos nutricionais e os efeitos da omissão de nutrientes no desenvolvimento de mudas de barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), conduziu-se um experimento com o uso da técnica de elemento faltante. Foram empregados 12 tratamentos, em um delineamento de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com oito repetições. Adotaram-se os seguintes tratamentos: completo 1 (adubado com N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Zn e calagem como fonte de Ca e Mg e corrigindo acidez do solo), completo 2 (completo 1 – calagem, tendo CaSO4.2H2O e MgSO4.7H2O como fontes de Ca e Mg sem corrigir acidez do solo), C1 - N, C1 - P, C1 - K, C1 - S, C1 - B, C1 - Zn, C1 - calagem, C2 - Ca, C2 - Mg e testemunha. Foram medidos diâmetros e alturas das plantas, as quais foram separadas em parte aérea e sistema radicular. As mudas foram secas e pesadas, sendo determinados os teores de nutrientes na matéria seca da parte aérea. O fósforo e o boro foram os nutrientes mais limitantes, e a calagem afetou negativamente o crescimento. A sequência de exigência nutricional apresentada pelas mudas de barbatimão em relação ao tratamento completo, em ordem decrescente, foi: P > B > Zn > Mg > K > N > S > Ca.Palavras-chave: Nutriente faltante; cerrado; nutrição florestal. AbstractGrowth and mineral nutrition in seedlings of barbatimão subjected to nutrient deprivation. Aiming to evaluate nutritional requirements and effects of nutrient depravation in developing of seedlings of  barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), we conducted an experiment in a green house. We employed 12 treatments in a fully randomized block design with eight replications. We applied the following treatments: complete 1 (C1-fertilized with N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Zn and lime as Ca and Mg sources), complete 2 (complete 1 – lime with CaSO4.2H2O and MgSO4.7H2O as Ca and Mg sources), C1-N, C1-P, C1-K, C1-S, C1-B, C1-Zn, C1-lime, C2-Ca, C2-Mg, and control. We measured diameters and heights and separated them into shoot and root system. We dried the samples, weighed them and determined the nutrients levels in shoot dry matter. As result, we identified that phosphorus and boron were the most limiting factor to growth, as well as liming had a negative effect on growth; the sequence of nutritional requirements presented by barbatimão seedlings in relation to complete treatment was: P> B> Zn> Mg> K> N> S> Ca.Keywords: Nutrient missing; savannah; forest nutrition.AbstractAiming to evaluate nutritional requirements and effects of nutrient depravation in developing of seedlings of  barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), we conducted an experiment in a green house. We employed 12 treatments in a fully randomized block design with eight replications. We applied the following treatments: complete 1 (C1-fertilized with N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Zn and lime as Ca and Mg sources), complete 2 (complete 1 – lime with CaSO4.2H2O and MgSO4.7H2O as Ca and Mg sources), C1-N, C1-P, C1-K, C1-S, C1-B, C1-Zn, C1-lime, C2-Ca, C2-Mg, and control. We measured diameters and heights and separated them into shoot and root system. We dried the samples, weighed them and determined the nutrients levels in shoot dry matter. As result, we identified that phosphorus and boron were the most limiting factor to growth, as well as liming had a negative effect on growth; the sequence of nutritional requirements presented by barbatimão seedlings in relation to complete treatment was: P> B> Zn> Mg> K> N> S> Ca.Keywords: Nutrient missing; savannah; forest nutrition

POTENTIAL AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR SEMIARID REGIONS

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of agroforestry systems in the semiarid, and to evaluate the productivity of eucalyptus in three planting spacing, in single cultivation in agroforestry systems. The comparison of the systems was in a randomized block design with four systems (monoculture; peanut systems; castor bean; cassava) and three eucalyptus spacing (10 m x 2 m, 10 m x 3 m and 10 m x 4 m). Monocultures and other characteristics were compared by randomized block design. Peanut productivity was evaluated at three and a half months, castor productivity at five and eight months and cassava productivity at 21 months. Eucalyptus productivity was measured at 13 and 21 months of age. The results showed that the wood production was greater in the 10 m x 2 m spacing and in the system with castor and single cultivation. The castor yield was higher in the system, in the 10 m x 3 m spacing, while the cassava productivity was higher in monoculture. The area equivalence index of the systems was higher than that of monocultures. Therefore, eucalyptus agroforestry systems intercropped with castor and cassava are suitable for the semiarid region. The 10 m x 2 m spacing provided a larger volume of wood (m³ ha-1). Castor yield was higher in the 10 m x 3 m spacing. For cassava, the highest yield was obtained in monoculture and in the system with 10 m x 3 m or 10 m x 4 m spacing

GROWTH AND MINERAL NUTRITION IN SEEDLINGS OF PEQUI SUBJECTED TO NUTRIENT DEPRIVATION

<p><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509810538">http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813318</a></p>The establishment of fruit and medicinal native species of Savannah may soften the negative environmental aspect arising from deforestation, and improve their utilization which today is restricted to local populations. However, it depends on a better understanding of the nutritional requirements of these species. It aims to assess the nutritional aspects and effects of nutrients in the absence of development of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. An experiment was conducted in pots, red-yellow Oxisol substrate of low fertility in the greenhouse. 12 treatments were employed under the technique of the missing nutrient in fully randomized block design with eight replicates. The following treatments were applied: complete 1 (C1-fertilized with N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn and lime), complete 2 (C2-fertilized with N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg , B, Cu, Fe, Zn, without lime), omitting treatments complete when each of the relevant nutrients (complete 1, complete 1-K, complete -S, complete 1-P, complete 1 - B, complete 1 - Zn, complete 1 - lime, complete 2-Ca, complete 2 - Mg) and control. The plants were harvested and separated into air shoot and root system. Samples were dried at70 ° C, weighed and determined the levels of nutrients in shoot dry matter. According to the results concluded that the omission of Zn, Mg and K do not affect height growth of Caryocar brasiliense seedlings; during the absence of nutrients affect the development of plants in diameter Caryocar brasiliense, the total dry matter is not affected by the omission of nutrients; root / shoot ratio shows that the species is adapted to soils with low pH and low phosphorus levels; Caryocar brasiliense species show low nutritional requirements during formation process of seedlings, although the results may have been masked by the reservations contained in the seeds; nutrient content in pequi shoot dry biomass is low, indicating low nutritional requirements of the species

CRESCIMENTO E NUTRI\uc7\uc3O MINERAL DE MUDAS DE PEQUI SOB EFEITO DA OMISS\uc3O DE NUTRIENTES

The establishment of fruit and medicinal native species of Savannah may soften the negative environmental aspect arising from deforestation, and improve their utilization which today is restricted to local populations. However, it depends on a better understanding of the nutritional requirements of these species. It aims to assess the nutritional aspects and effects of nutrients in the absence of development of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. An experiment was conducted in pots, red-yellow Oxisol substrate of low fertility in the greenhouse. 12 treatments were employed under the technique of the missing nutrient in fully randomized block design with eight replicates. The following treatments were applied: complete 1 (C1-fertilized with N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn and lime), complete 2 (C2-fertilized with N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg , B, Cu, Fe, Zn, without lime), omitting treatments complete when each of the relevant nutrients (complete 1, complete 1-K, complete -S, complete 1-P, complete 1 - B, complete 1 - Zn, complete 1 - lime, complete 2-Ca, complete 2 - Mg) and control. The plants were harvested and separated into air shoot and root system. Samples were dried at 70 o C, weighed and determined the levels of nutrients in shoot dry matter. According to the results concluded that the omission of Zn, Mg and K do not affect height growth of Caryocar brasiliense seedlings; during the absence of nutrients affect the development of plants in diameter Caryocar brasiliense , the total dry matter is not affected by the omission of nutrients; root / shoot ratio shows that the species is adapted to soils with low pH and low phosphorus levels; Caryocar brasiliense species show low nutritional requirements during formation process of seedlings, although the results may have been masked by the reservations contained in the seeds; nutrient content in pequi shoot dry biomass is low, indicating low nutritional requirements of the species.A implanta\ue7\ue3o de esp\ue9cies frut\uedferas e medicinais nativas do cerrado pode amenizar o aspecto ambiental negativo decorrente da destrui\ue7\ue3o destes recursos naturais, bem como melhorar seu aproveitamento que atualmente se restringe \ue0s popula\ue7\uf5es regionais. Entretanto, o \ueaxito desse empreendimento depende em parte do conhecimento das exig\ueancias nutricionais dessas esp\ue9cies. Com o objetivo de avaliar os aspectos nutricionais e os efeitos da omiss\ue3o de nutrientes no desenvolvimento de mudas de Caryocar brasiliense Camb., conduziu-se um experimento em vasos, em casa de vegeta\ue7\ue3o, num Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo de baixa fertilidade. Foram empregados 12 tratamentos, sob a t\ue9cnica do nutriente faltante, em um delineamento de blocos inteiramente casualizados com oito repeti\ue7\uf5es. Adotaram-se os seguintes tratamentos: completo 1 (C1 - adubado com N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn e calagem), completo 2 (C2 - adubado com N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, B, Cu, Fe, Zn, sem calagem), tratamentos completos omitindo-se quando pertinente cada um dos nutrientes (completo 1 - N, completo 1 - K, completo 1 - S, completo 1 - P, completo 1 - B, completo 1 - Zn, completo 1 - calagem, completo 2 - Ca, completo 2 - Mg), testemunha (solo natural). Aos 180 dias ap\uf3s o plantio foram medidos os di\ue2metros e a altura das plantas, que foram colhidas e separadas em parte a\ue9rea e sistema radicular. As amostras foram secas a 70oC, pesadas, e determinados os teores de nutrientes na biomassa seca da parte a\ue9rea, biomassa seca da raiz e biomassa seca total. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que a omiss\ue3o de Zn, K e Mg n\ue3o afeta o crescimento em altura das mudas de Caryocar brasiliense; durante o per\uedodo de forma\ue7\ue3o de mudas, nenhuma aus\ueancia de nutrientes afeta o desenvolvimento em di\ue2metro das plantas de Caryocar brasiliense; a biomassa seca total n\ue3o \ue9 afetada pelas omiss\uf5es dos nutrientes; a rela\ue7\ue3o raiz/parte a\ue9rea demonstra que a esp\ue9cie \ue9 adaptada a solos com baixo pH e baixos n\uedveis de f\uf3sforo, t\uedpicos de cerrado; a esp\ue9cie Caryocar brasiliense mostra baixa exig\ueancia nutricional durante o processo de forma\ue7\ue3o de mudas, embora os resultados possam ter sido mascarados pelas reservas contidas nas sementes; os teores de nutrientes na biomassa seca da parte a\ue9rea do pequi s\ue3o baixos, indicando baixa exig\ueancia nutricional da esp\ue9cie