Planeamiento estratégico para la industria peruana del Café

Perú cuenta con gran potencial para poder convertirse en uno de los mayores productores de café a nivel mundial. Debido a que Perú cuenta con factores climáticos y geográficos que propician las condiciones para poder tener café de alta calidad y alto rendimiento. Además, Perú cuenta con un gran valor de marca a nivel mundial por la calidad de sus productos orgánicos. En el presente documento se elabora el plan estratégico del café, para lo cual se desarrolló un análisis de los principales factores tanto el interno y el externo que influyen de forma determinante en el sector cafetalero, debido a este análisis se encontró las estrategias que permitirán al Perú posicionarse dentro de los mayores productores a nivel mundial y ser uno de los sectores claves a nivel nacional. Bajo las condiciones naturales, Perú debió de convertirse en uno de los países con mayor producción de café. Sin embargo, afronta una serie de factores que impidieron poder impulsar el desarrollo del sector, como la informalidad, la desorganización y carencia de tecnificación, entre otros que relegan el desarrollo. Estas estrategias buscan impulsar la empleabilidad, la productividad por hectárea y conseguir posicionar al Perú para el 2028 en uno de los seis mayores productores de café de alta calidad en el mundo. Trayendo consigo beneficios no solo para los productores, sino también a las familias y para para todo el país.Peru has great potential to become one of the largest producers of coffee worldwide. Because they have climatic and geographical factors that promote the conditions to be able to have high quality and high yield coffee. In addition, Peru has a great brand value worldwide for the quality of its organic products. In this document the coffee strategic plan is elaborated as an analysis of the main internal and external factors that influence in a decisive way in the coffee sector was developed. Due to this analysis we found the strategies that allow Peru to position itself among the largest producers worldwide and be one of the key industries nationwide. Under Peru's natural conditions, it must have become one of the countries with the highest coffee production. However, it faces a series of factors that prevented it from being able to boost the development of the sector such as informality, disorganization and lack of technology among others that relegate development. These strategies seek to boost employability, productivity per hectare and get positioned to Peru by 2028 in one of the six largest producers of high quality coffee in the world. Bringing benefits not only for producers, but also for families and for all of Peru.Tesi

125Te-NMR Study on a Single Crystal of Heavy Fermion Superconductor UTe2

We report 125Te-NMR studies on a newly discovered heavy fermion superconductor UTe2. Using a single crystal, we have measured the 125Te-NMR Knight shift K and spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 for fields along the three orthorhombic crystal axes. The data confirm a moderate Ising anisotropy for both the static (K) and dynamical susceptibilities (1/T1) in the paramagnetic state above about 20 K. Around 20 K, however, we have observed a sudden loss of NMR spin-echo signal due to sudden enhancement of the NMR spin-spin relaxation rate 1/T2, when the field is applied along the easy axis of magnetization (=a axis). This behavior suggests the development of longitudinal magnetic fluctuations along the a axis at very low frequencies below 20 K.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Loss of ribosomal RNA modification causes developmental defects in zebrafish

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play key roles in diverse cellular activities, and efficient ncRNA function requires extensive posttranscriptional nucleotide modifications. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a group of ncRNAs that guide the modification of specific nucleotides in ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nuclear RNAs. To investigate the physiological relevance of rRNA modification in vertebrates, we suppressed the expression of three snoRNAs (U26, U44 and U78), either by disrupting the host gene splicing or by inhibiting the snoRNA precursor processing, and analyzed the consequences of snoRNA loss-of-function in zebrafish. Using a highly sensitive mass spectrometric analysis, we found that decreased snoRNA expression reduces the snoRNA-guided methylation of the target nucleotides. Impaired rRNA modification, even at a single site, led to severe morphological defects and embryonic lethality in zebrafish, which suggests that rRNA modifications play an essential role in vertebrate development. This study highlights the importance of posttranscriptional modifications and their role in ncRNA function in higher eukaryotes

Involvement of Protein Kinase D1 in Signal Transduction from the Protein Kinase C Pathway to the Tyrosine Kinase Pathway in Response to Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone

The receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and its stimulation activates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK). We found that the transactivation of ErbB4 was involved in GnRH-induced ERK activation in immortalized GnRH neurons (GT1–7 cells). We found also that GnRH induced the cleavage of ErbB4. In the present study, we examined signal transduction for the activation of ERK and the cleavage of ErbB4 after GnRH treatment. Both ERK activation and ErbB4 cleavage were completely inhibited by YM-254890, an inhibitor of G_ proteins. Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) markedly decreased both ERK activation and ErbB4 cleavage. Experiments with two types of PKC inhibitors, Gö 6976 and bisindolylmaleimide I, indicated that novel PKC isoforms but not conventional PKC isoforms were involved in ERK activation and ErbB4 cleavage. Our experiments indicated that the novel PKC isoforms activated protein kinase D (PKD) after GnRH treatment. Knockdown and inhibitor experiments suggested that PKD1 stimulated the phosphorylation of Pyk2 by constitutively activated Src and Fyn for ERK activation. Taken together, it is highly possible that PKD1 plays a critical role in signal transduction from the PKC pathway to the tyrosine kinase pathway. Activation of the tyrosine kinase pathway may be involved in the progression of cancer