(18-Crown-6)(trifluoro­methane­sulfonato)­sodium

The title compound, [Na(CF3O3S)(C12H24O6)], features a sodium cation that is coordinated by eight O atoms in an irregular hexa­gonal bipyramidal environment. The equatorial positions are occupied by the six O atoms of an 18-crown-6 ether ring. In the axial positions, there is one O atom of a trifluoro­methane­sulfonate anion and an ether O atom of a symmetry-equivalent crown ether ring. In this way, centrosymmetric dimers are formed

Vietnam\u27s Entire People Ownership of Land: Theory and Practice

The Constitution of Vietnam declares that “[t]he Socialist Republic of Vietnam State is a socialist rule of law State of the People, by the People, and for the People.” It also states that land is “under ownership by the entire people represented and uniformly managed by the State.” This means the entire people of Vietnam are collective landowners and the Vietnam State is their “representative.” Given that, how might the public execute its real ownership—rather than treating “people’s ownership” as just a slogan? This article analyzes the gaps in theory and practice in Vietnam, a country with a robust market economy where land user rights are marketable despite the lack of private land ownership rights. It reviews current Vietnamese land law and makes recommendations for reducing uncertainty about “entire people ownership,” and increasing the transparency and overall legitimacy of the legal regime governing private use of land. Specifically, the authors recommend that Vietnam grant lawful land users the status of “secondary owners” of land, effectively as co-owners with the State and with protected property ownership rights

Vietnam\u27s Entire People Ownership of Land: Theory and Practice

The Constitution of Vietnam declares that “[t]he Socialist Republic of Vietnam State is a socialist rule of law State of the People, by the People, and for the People.” It also states that land is “under ownership by the entire people represented and uniformly managed by the State.” This means the entire people of Vietnam are collective landowners and the Vietnam State is their “representative.” Given that, how might the public execute its real ownership—rather than treating “people’s ownership” as just a slogan? This article analyzes the gaps in theory and practice in Vietnam, a country with a robust market economy where land user rights are marketable despite the lack of private land ownership rights. It reviews current Vietnamese land law and makes recommendations for reducing uncertainty about “entire people ownership,” and increasing the transparency and overall legitimacy of the legal regime governing private use of land. Specifically, the authors recommend that Vietnam grant lawful land users the status of “secondary owners” of land, effectively as coowners with the State and with protected property ownership rights

Typical Values of the Nguyen Dynasty’s Decorative Art on Bronze Objects in Hue

In the general relationship of culture and art, the Nguyen lords and kings made many contributions to the shaping and development of Cochinchina, enhanced the country's position and influence with other countries in the region. The decorative art on bronze objects in the Nguyen Dynasty contains many cultural, historical and aesthetic values with multi-dimensional and multi-layered symbol. This has shown the synthesis of values, in which aesthetic value is one of the outstanding points. The decorative art on bronze objects in the Nguyen Dynasty take an important role in preserving and conserving national artistic and cultural values. Besides this, the expressive value on bronze and the emotiveness from the surface of the material also enhance the values of the decorative art. The Nguyen Dynasty’s decorative art on bronze objects in Hue has shown the richness of art and culture. Through the study we can see and feel the great ingenuity and creative spirit of the artisan classes. This is one of the factors affirming the position of the Nguyen dynasty's decorative art on bronze objects in the general of Vietnamese bronze art

Further Discussion On Educational Issues And Case Teaching Method For Economic Students Via Case Studies

Vietnam has begun to apply case stude method teaching for economic and business students in clleges and universities because it has provided them with real situation and problem solving skills. By using experiences, synthesis and quantitative methods ombined with dialectical materialism methods, this study prove examples of case studies in Bahrain and in Vietnam, in the context og educationin globalization, it is better to propose innovative educational methods for strengthening educational policies and for educating studets also, for instance, in economic field. In developing countries such as Vietnam, in Asia and in the world, case teaching method has been usedf widely for economic major students in clooges and unievrsities. Therefore, This study will menitone case method benefits such as real worl problems, solvin gproblem skill enhancement and representative and ttractiveness for learning

Single phase second order sliding mode controller for complex interconnected systems with extended disturbances and unknown time-varying delays

Novel results on complex interconnected time-delay systems with single phase second order sliding mode control is investigated. First, a reaching phase in traditional sliding mode control (TSMC) is removed by using a novel single phase switching manifold function. Next, a novel reduced order sliding mode observer (ROSMO) with lower dimension is suggested to estimate the unmeasurable variables of the plant. Then, a new single phase second order sliding mode controller (SPSOSMC) is established based on ROSMO tool to drive the state variables into the specified switching manifold from beginning of the motion and reduce the chattering in control input. Then, a stability condition is suggested based on the well-known linear matrix inequality (LMI) method to ensure the asymptotical stability of the whole plant. Finally, an illustrated example is simulated to validate the feasible application of the suggested technique

An Inertial Block Majorization Minimization Framework for Nonsmooth Nonconvex Optimization

In this paper, we introduce TITAN, a novel inerTIal block majorizaTion minimizAtioN framework for non-smooth non-convex optimization problems. To the best of our knowledge, TITAN is the first framework of block-coordinate update method that relies on the majorization-minimization framework while embedding inertial force to each step of the block updates. The inertial force is obtained via an extrapolation operator that subsumes heavy-ball and Nesterov-type accelerations for block proximal gradient methods as special cases. By choosing various surrogate functions, such as proximal, Lipschitz gradient, Bregman, quadratic, and composite surrogate functions, and by varying the extrapolation operator, TITAN produces a rich set of inertial block-coordinate update methods. We study sub-sequential convergence as well as global convergence for the generated sequence of TITAN. We illustrate the effectiveness of TITAN on two important machine learning problems, namely sparse non-negative matrix factorization and matrix completion.Comment: 32 page

Policy Uncertainty and Firm Cash Holdings

This research examines the relation between government economic policy uncertainty and firm cash holdings. We find evidence that policy uncertainty is positively related to firm cash holdings due to firms’ precautionary motives and, to a lesser extent, investment delays. The relation between policy uncertainty and cash holdings is more pronounced for firms dependent on government spending and extends beyond business cyclicality. Further analysis indicates that the effects of policy uncertainty on corporate cash holdings are distinct from those of political, market, or other macroeconomic uncertainty