Calibration of sluice gate in free and submerged flow using the simulated annealing and ant colony algorithms

There are found numerous methods to measure flow in open channels. The simulation of water flow in channel requires mathematic calibration of the structures in channel so that the water level and the discharge become compatible with demand. Sluice gate is one of the most important structure which can perform in free and submerged flow. In this research, there were experiments on a sluice gate mounted in lab flume of 12.5 m, 0.6 and 0.65 length, width and height, respectively, in the slope of 0.0002. Some equations of measuring the discharge from the sluice gate extracted from Energy equations and Momentum were calibrated using two metaheuristic algorithms of simulated annealing and ant colony. After the sensitivity analysis of algorithm was done, the optimal coefficients of discharge obtained for the Conventional equation of discharge in free and submerged flow was obtained 0.686, and 0.881. Also, in calibration of Energy-Momentum method for submerged flow, the optimal contraction coefficient was 0.533. finally, the methods were assessed and compared for which the statistical indexes show the favorability of results

Proposing a Discharge Coefficient Equation for Triangular Labyrinth Spillways Based on Laboratory Studies

Labyrinth spillways are considered as suitable and economic structures because, firstly, their discharge flow rate, under low hydraulic heads, is high, and secondly, they occupy less space. The flow over these spillways is three-dimensional and is influenced by several parameters. This study endeavors to offer a new equation for the calculation of the discharge flow of triangular labyrinth spillways by using the Buckingham Theory, Genetic Algorithm, the equations offered by other researchers and non-dimensional laboratory parameters. To do so, several experiments were carried out in the hydraulic laboratory of the Department of water science at BuAli Sina University in Hamedan. These experiments were done on triangular labyrinth spillways in a straight condition in certain flumes which were 10 meters long, 0.83 meters wide, and 0.5 meters height. To verify the recommended equation, the authors used the information related to the labyrinth spillway design of Bartletts Ferry dam in the US and the equation for triangular spillways suggested by previous researcher. The results indicated that the equation recommended in this study is far more accurate than the previous one

A Mixed-Method Modified Delphi Study toward Identifying Key Elements of Psychotherapy in Iran

In Iran, psychotherapy is regarded as an effective treatment for psychiatric disorders. However, no previous research has identified the key elements of psychotherapy that may be specific to Iranian society. The current study was conducted in an attempt to identify these elements.; A mixed-method modified Delphi approach was used, taking place over several stages during 2017-2018. The first stage involved interviewing 12 experts in psychotherapy to identify key elements of psychotherapy in Iran by thematic analysis. Then, successive Delphi rounds were conducted to obtain consensus (75% agreement) from 70 psychotherapy experts on these key elements.; Key elements of psychotherapy were grouped into the following themes: (1) systematic education/training; (2) psychotherapist competency; (3) psychotherapy reflective of Iranian societal needs; and (4) the substrate (scientific/ethical principles) of psychotherapy. Consensus was reached during two Delphi rounds. In Delphi round 1, 52.8% of the statements reached consensus, and all remaining statements reached consensus in round 2.; The key elements of psychotherapy in Iran are a set of conditions for the education and training of competent psychotherapists who can perform psychiatric interventions appropriate to Iranian society under supervised rules. These should serve as a framework for improving the current delivery of psychotherapy in Iran

The effect of supportive care program based on Bandura self-efficacy on stress-exacerbating and stress-relieving factors of neonatal mothers admitted to neonatal intensive care unit

Objectives: The birth of a premature baby can change all the emotions of parents and replace stress. It is necessary to identify the factors that aggravate and relieve maternal stress and adopt strategies to reduce it. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of supportive care program based on Bandura’s self-efficacy on aggravating and stress relieving factors of mothers of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit Methods: A quasi -experimental study was performed in 2020 on 90 mothers of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a Hospital in Shahrekord by convenience sampling method. The experimental group has received an educational intervention based on the theory of self-efficacy in four two -hour sessions with the presentation of an educational booklet. Data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire before and after the intervention in both groups and were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 performing paired t -test, independent t -test, and Chi -square. Results: The results showed that the mean score of stressors in mothers of preterm infants in the control group decreased from 42.73 ± 6.26 to 42.62 ± 7.09, which was not statistically significant (P= 0.906) while in the experimental group it was decreased from 48.78 ± 4.36 to 25.33 ± 4.84, which was statistically significant (P <0.001). The mean score of soothing agents for mothers of preterm infants increased from 2.98 ± 2.61 to 3.07 ± 2.29 in the control group which was not statistically significant (P = 0.415) and in the experimental group it was increased from 4.51±1.72 to 7.29 ± 1.16, which was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended to implement interventions to make parents of premature infants, especially mothers ready to face the baby in the intensive care unit. Key words: Stress, mother, newborn intensive care units, care progra

The effect of supportive care program based on Bandura self-efficacy on stress-exacerbating and stress-relieving factors of neonatal mothers admitted to neonatal intensive care unit

Objectives: The birth of a premature baby can change all the emotions of parents and replace stress. It is necessary to identify the factors that aggravate and relieve maternal stress and adopt strategies to reduce it. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of supportive care program based on Bandura’s self-efficacy on aggravating and stress relieving factors of mothers of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit Methods: A quasi -experimental study was performed in 2020 on 90 mothers of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a Hospital in Shahrekord by convenience sampling method. The experimental group has received an educational intervention based on the theory of self-efficacy in four two -hour sessions with the presentation of an educational booklet. Data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire before and after the intervention in both groups and were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 performing paired t -test, independent t -test, and Chi -square. Results: The results showed that the mean score of stressors in mothers of preterm infants in the control group decreased from 42.73 ± 6.26 to 42.62 ± 7.09, which was not statistically significant (P= 0.906) while in the experimental group it was decreased from 48.78 ± 4.36 to 25.33 ± 4.84, which was statistically significant (P <0.001). The mean score of soothing agents for mothers of preterm infants increased from 2.98 ± 2.61 to 3.07 ± 2.29 in the control group which was not statistically significant (P = 0.415) and in the experimental group it was increased from 4.51±1.72 to 7.29 ± 1.16, which was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended to implement interventions to make parents of premature infants, especially mothers ready to face the baby in the intensive care unit. Key words: Stress, mother, newborn intensive care units, care progra

Effect of saffron supplementation on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized placebo‐controlled trials

Oxidative stress (OS), the absence of equilibrium between prooxidants and antioxi dants in the body, has been shown to play a pivotal role in the initiation and pro gression of many diseases. Saffron has been noted for its antioxidant capacity and can be used to improve OS parameters in unhealthy patients. Our aim was to evalu ate the efficacy of saffron supplementation on OS parameters in unhealthy patients in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science without language restrictions for RCTs up until April 2021. Studies were included if they compared any form of saffron sup plementation to placebo or no supplementation on OS parameters in unhealthy pa tients. Using a random-effects model with calculated standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), we quantitatively synthesized the data. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's I 2 values. Ten randomized controlled trials were eligible for this review. Seven were included in the meta-analysis and indicated an association between saffron intake and a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD: −0.40; 95% CI: −0.63, −0.17; I 2 = 32.6%) and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC, SMD: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.42; I 2 = 00.0%). Saffron intake was shown to significantly impact MDA and TAC, indicating its beneficial properties in improving OS in unhealthy patients. However, additional RCTs are required to evaluate the effect on other OS parameters.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Findings of COVID-19 between Intensive Care Unit and Non-Intensive Care Unit Pediatric Patients: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Observational Study from Iranian Network for Research in Viral

Introduction: To date, little is known about the clinical features of pediatric COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).&nbsp;Objective: Herein, we aimed to describe the differences in demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, clinical presentations, and outcomes of Iranian pediatric COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU versus those in non-ICU settings.&nbsp;Methods: This multicenter investigation involved 15 general and pediatrics hospitals and included cases with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection based on positive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) admitted to these centers between March and May 2020, during the initial peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.&nbsp;Results: Overall, 166 patients were included, 61 (36.7%) of whom required ICU admission. The highest number of admitted cases to ICU were in the age group of 1–5 years old. Malignancy and heart diseases were the most frequent underlying conditions. Dyspnea was the major symptom for ICU-admitted patients. There were significant decreases in PH, HCO3 and base excess, as well as increases in creatinine, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and potassium levels between ICU-admitted and non-ICU patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), shock, and acute cardiac injury were the most common features among ICU-admitted patients. The mortality rate in the ICU-admitted patients was substantially higher than non-ICU cases (45.9% vs. 1.9%, respectively; p&lt;0.001).&nbsp;Conclusions: Underlying diseases were the major risk factors for the increased ICU admissions and mortality rates in pediatric COVID-19 patients. There were few paraclinical parameters that could differentiate between pediatrics in terms of prognosis and serious outcomes of COVID-19. Healthcare providers should consider children as a high-risk group, especially those with underlying medical conditions

To Investigate the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program (MBSR) on Reducing the Symptoms of Patients with Social Anxiety

Social anxiety has been the focus of clinical attention as a common problem in the realm of childhood, adolescence and adulthood, due to various problems in compatibility and performance of patients and comorbidity with many adult disorders such as anxiety, depression and avoidant personality disorder. Therefore several treatment models are designed for the restoration of this disorder. One of these models is mindfulness training. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on reducing symptoms of social anxiety from a sample of Iranian girl students who were diagnosed. Accordingly, 21 subjects with social anxiety disorder based on the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and the Structured Clinical Interview based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (SCID-I) were selected and 10 in the experimental group and 11 patients in group Control were replaced. The experimental group received eight sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and the control group remained on hold. The subjects were completed Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) before and after treatment. Data analysis was performed by comparing mean scores of pre-test - post-test, according to U Man-Whitney test. The results have shown that mindfulness-based stress reduction program led to a reduction in social anxiety symptoms of fear, avoidance, and psychological distress in patients. Based on the findings of this research, mindfulness program has been effective in reducing the symptoms of social anxiety disorder and other parameters in spite of belonging to different culture. So it seems that with regards to the limitations of current research and observance of clinical precautions, this program can be used in treatment centers for samples with social anxiety