The subdwarf B star SB 290 - A fast rotator on the extreme horizontal branch

Hot subdwarf B stars (sdBs) are evolved core helium-burning stars with very thin hydrogen envelopes. In order to form an sdB, the progenitor has to lose almost all of its hydrogen envelope right at the tip of the red giant branch. In close binary systems, mass transfer to the companion provides the extraordinary mass loss required for their formation. However, apparently single sdBs exist as well and their formation is unclear since decades. The merger of helium white dwarfs leading to an ignition of core helium-burning or the merger of a helium core and a low mass star during the common envelope phase have been proposed. Here we report the discovery of SB 290 as the first apparently single fast rotating sdB star located on the extreme horizontal branch indicating that those stars may form from mergers.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, A&A letters, accepte

Two-dimensional finite-element temperature variance analysis

The finite element method is extended to thermal analysis by forming a variance analysis of temperature results so that the sensitivity of predicted temperatures to uncertainties in input variables is determined. The temperature fields within a finite number of elements are described in terms of the temperatures of vertices and the variational principle is used to minimize the integral equation describing thermal potential energy. A computer calculation yields the desired solution matrix of predicted temperatures and provides information about initial thermal parameters and their associated errors. Sample calculations show that all predicted temperatures are most effected by temperature values along fixed boundaries; more accurate specifications of these temperatures reduce errors in thermal calculations

Field-tuned quantum critical point of antiferromagnetic metals

A magnetic field applied to a three-dimensional antiferromagnetic metal can destroy the long-range order and thereby induce a quantum critical point. Such field-induced quantum critical behavior is the focus of many recent experiments. We investigate theoretically the quantum critical behavior of clean antiferromagnetic metals subject to a static, spatially uniform external magnetic field. The external field does not only suppress (or induce in some systems) antiferromagnetism but also influences the dynamics of the order parameter by inducing spin precession. This leads to an exactly marginal correction to spin-fluctuation theory. We investigate how the interplay of precession and damping determines the specific heat, magnetization, magnetocaloric effect, susceptibility and scattering rates. We point out that the precession can change the sign of the leading \sqrt{T} correction to the specific heat coefficient c(T)/T and can induce a characteristic maximum in c(T)/T for certain parameters. We argue that the susceptibility \chi =\partial M/\partial B is the thermodynamic quantity which shows the most significant change upon approaching the quantum critical point and which gives experimental access to the (dangerously irrelevant) spin-spin interactions.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

Tipping the Balance:Imbalanced Classes in Deep Learning Side-channel Analysis

Machine learning, and more recently, deep learning, have become a standard option for profiling side-channel analysis (SCA) to evaluate the worst-case security. Machine learning-based SCA has advantages over previous approaches like the template attack [1], especially in practical settings where the number of training traces is limited. The advantages of deep learning-based approaches are even more pronounced as such techniques can break protected implementations without feature selection and by using relatively small models (neural networks), [2]. However, the use of popular device leakage models brings in the issue of imbalanced datasets. For instance, Hamming weight or distance model follows a binomial distribution resulting in significantly more training samples in central classes. Further, evaluating the performance of machine learning-based SCA with standard machine learning metrics like accuracy can be misleading. Unfortunately, this problem is not trivial to circumvent by “just” using the SCA metrics as the training process with them is difficult

The population of white dwarf binaries with hot subdwarf companions

Hot subdwarfs (sdBs) are core helium-burning stars, which lost almost their entire hydrogen envelope in the red-giant phase. Since a high fraction of those stars are in close binary systems, common envelope ejection is an important formation channel. We identified a total population of 51 close sdB+WD binaries based on time-resolved spectroscopy and multi-band photometry, derive the WD mass distribution and constrain the future evolution of these systems. Most WDs in those binaries have masses significantly below the average mass of single WDs and a high fraction of them might therefore have helium cores. We found 12 systems that will merge in less than a Hubble time and evolve to become either massive C/O WDs, AM\,CVn systems, RCrB stars or even explode as supernovae type Ia.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 19th European White Dwarf Workshop, ASP Conf. Se

Analyse syncytialer Zellverbände bei Drosophila melanogaster

Mit Hilfe des erweiterten GAL4/UAS-Transplantationssystems wurde die Herkunft und Differenzierung abdominaler Mesodermderivate von Drosophila melanogaster untersucht. Neben der Analyse der klonalen Zusammensetzung syncytialer Zellverbände ermöglichte diese Methode die Blastoderm-Anlagenkartierung larvaler und imaginaler Gewebe. Durch die Verwendung der in vivo-Marker DsRed und GFP konnte außerdem die gesamte cell-lineage zu verschiedenen Entwicklungszeitpunkten untersucht und Aussagen zur Persistenz einzelner Gewebe " wie der visceralen Muskulatur" getroffen werden. Für die imaginale Myogenese der abdominalen somatischen Muskulatur konnte gezeigt werden, dass neben der Fusion nicht-verwandter Myoblasten auch das Prinzip der genetischen Determination verschiedener Myoblasten-Populationen analog (und was die genetische Identität der beteiligten Myoblasten betrifft, sogar homolog) zur larvalen Myogenese erfolgt

Interpretation of very low resolution X-ray electron-density maps using core objects

The interpretation of a 20 Å resolution electron-density map using segmentation and pattern-recognition-based identification of domain shapes is described