ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ГАЗОРОЗРЯДНОГО СВІТІННЯ ПАЛЬЦІВ РУК ЛЮДИНИ ПРИ РІЗНИХ ТИПАХ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ

There were 52 healthy people. Of them, 28 were in junior courses and 24 were in senior courses. According to the results of psychological tests there were identified three types of thinking: visual-figurative and verbal-logical, intuitive. Kirlian photographs of the surveyed individuals fingers in the experimental device «REC 1» were done. The method of acquiring, processing, and subsequent analysis included analog-to-digital conversion Kirlian images to highlight areas of illumination of the individual fingers, binarization of images with the threshold brightness, calculation of the area of corona glow. The obtained results complemented results of psychological tests, revealed mixed types of thinking, their expression, the dependence of the period of study at the university. To identify the emotional characteristics of the students associated with the constitutional type of the individual, selectively kronograf research on Polarod color photographic film with computer processing of scanned images carried out. Check radiation around the fingers of people surveyed in the color film, determination of the ratios of colors in the image, their energy allowed to determine the type of emotional activation of student body's potential abilities that affects motivation and optimize learning at the university.Обследовано 52 практически здоровых студента. Из них 28 человек обучались на младших курсах и 24 — студенты старших курсов. По результатам психологических тестов определяли три типа мышления: наглядно-образное, словесно-логическое, интуитивное. Проводили кирлиан-фотографирование пальцев рук обследуемых на экспериментальном приборе «РЕК 1». Методы регистрации, обработки и последующего анализа включали аналого-цифровое преобразование кирлиановских изображений с целью выделения областей свечения отдельных пальцев, бинаризацию изображений за порогом яркости свечения, вычисление площади короны свечения. Полученные результаты дополнили результаты психологических тестов, выявили смешанные типы мышления, их выраженность, зависимость от срока обучения в университете. Для выявления психоэмоциональных особенностей студентов, связанных с конституционным типом личности, проводили выборочно кирлианографическое исследование на цветной фотопленке «Поляроид» с компьютерной обработкой отсканированных изображений. Регистрация на цветной фотопленке излучения вокруг пальцев рук обследованных, определение соотношений цветов изображения, их энергетики позволило определить тип психоэмоциональной активации организма и собственные потенциальные способности студента, что влияет на мотивацию и оптимизацию обучения в университете.Обстежено 52 практично здорових студенти. З них 28 осіб були молодших курсів навчання та 24 — студенти старших курсів. За результатами психологічних тестів визначали три типи мислення: наочно-образне, словесно-логічне, інтуїтивне. Проводили кірліан-фотографування пальців рук обстежуваних осіб на експериментальному приладі «РЕК 1». Методи реєстрації, обробки та подальшого аналізу включали аналого-цифрове перетворення кірліанівських зображень з метою виділення областей світіння окремих пальців, бінаризацію зображень за порогом яскравості світіння, обчислення площі корони світіння. Отримані результати доповнили результати психологічних тестів, виявили змішані типи мислення, їх виразність, залежність від терміну навчання в університеті. Для виявлення психоемоційних особливостей студентів, пов'язаних із конституційним типом особистості, проводили вибірково кірліанографічне дослідження на кольоровій фотоплівці «Поляроїд» із комп'ютерним обробленням відсканованих зображень. Реєстрація на кольоровій фотоплівці випромінювання навколо пальців рук обстежених осіб, визначення співвідношень кольорів зображення, їх енергетики дозволили визначити тип психоемоційної активації організму та потенційні власні здібності студента, що вливають на мотивацію й оптимізацію навчання в університеті

Surgical treatment of wounded persons with complicated thoracic damages

Objective. To improve the results of complex surgical treatment of wounded and injured persons with thoracic trauma, complicated by bronchopleural fistulas, pleural empyema and defects in the thoracic wall soft tissues, basing on introduction of the proposed procedure of vacuum therapy in combination with bronchoscopic obturation of certain bronchus. Materials and methods. Analysis of results of the complex surgical help delivery for 54 wounded persons with defects of the thoracic wall soft tissues, broncho-pleural fistulas and pleural empyema, caused by the combat thoracic trauma, on ІІІ and ІV levels of medical support while conduction of the Antiterrorist operation/Operation of the Joined Forces (the main group) and 73 injured persons with thoracic trauma of the peace period (the comparison group) in the 2014 - 2019 yrs period was conducted. Results. Improvement of complex surgical treatment of the wounded and damaged persons with thoracic trauma and defects of the thoracic wall soft tissues have permitted to reduce the complications frequency by 6.7%, and lethality - by 9.2% in the main group. Conclusion. There was proposed a procedure of vacuum therapy, ultrasound cavitation together with bronchoscopic bronchial obturation for its fistula, which have proved its efficacy in complex surgical treatment of severely wounded persons with the gun-shot thoracic damages and presence of combination of pleural empyema, bronchial fistula and defects of soft tissues

European Red List of Habitats Part 1. Marine habitats

The European Red List of Habitats provides an overview of the risk of collapse (degree of endangerment) of marine, terrestrial and freshwater habitats in the European Union (EU28) and adjacent regions (EU28+), based on a consistent set of categories and criteria, and detailed data and expert knowledge from involved countries1. A total of 257 benthic marine habitat types were assessed. In total, 19% (EU28) and 18% (EU28+) of the evaluated habitats were assessed as threatened in categories Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable. An additional 12% were Near Threatened in the EU28 and 11% in the EU28+. These figures are approximately doubled if Data Deficient habitats are excluded. The percentage of threatened habitat types differs across the regional seas. The highest proportion of threatened habitats in the EU28 was found in the Mediterranean Sea (32%), followed by the North-East Atlantic (23%), the Black Sea (13%) and then the Baltic Sea (8%). There was a similar pattern in the EU28+. The most frequently cited pressures and threats were similar across the four regional seas: pollution (eutrophication), biological resource use other than agriculture or forestry (mainly fishing but also aquaculture), natural system modifications (e.g. dredging and sea defence works), urbanisation and climate change. Even for habitats where the assessment outcome was Data Deficient, the Red List assessment process has resulted in the compilation of a substantial body of useful information to support the conservation of marine habitats

Protease Activated Receptor Signaling Is Required for African Trypanosome Traversal of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, occurs when single-cell trypanosome protozoan parasites spread from the blood to brain over the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This barrier is composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) especially designed to keep pathogens out. Safe drugs for treating sleeping sickness are lacking and alternative treatments are urgently required. Using our human BMEC BBB model, we previously found that a parasite protease, brucipain, induced calcium activation signals that allowed this barrier to open up to parasite crossing. Because human BMECs express protease-activated receptors (PARs) that trigger calcium signals in BMECs, we hypothesized a functional link between parasite brucipain and BMEC PARs. Utilizing RNA interference to block the production of one type of PAR called PAR-2, we hindered the ability of trypanosomes to both open up and cross human BMECs. Using gene-profiling methods to interrogate candidate BMEC pathways specifically triggered by brucipain, several pathways that potentially link brain inflammatory processes were identified, a finding congruent with the known role of PAR-2 as a mediator of inflammation. Overall, our data support a role for brucipain and BMEC PARs in trypanosome BBB transmigration, and as potential triggers for brain inflammation associated with the disease

Involvment of Cytosolic and Mitochondrial GSK-3β in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuronal Cell Death of MPTP/MPP+-Treated Neurons

Aberrant mitochondrial function appears to play a central role in dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease (PD). 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+), the active metabolite of N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), is a selective inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I and is widely used in rodent and cell models to elicit neurochemical alterations associated with PD. Recent findings suggest that Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a critical activator of neuronal apoptosis, is involved in the dopaminergic cell death. In this study, the role of GSK-3β in modulating MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death was examined in vivo, and in two neuronal cell models namely primary cultured and immortalized neurons. In both cell models, MPTP/MPP+ treatment caused cell death associated with time- and concentration-dependent activation of GSK-3β, evidenced by the increased level of the active form of the kinase, i.e. GSK-3β phosphorylated at tyrosine 216 residue. Using immunocytochemistry and subcellular fractionation techniques, we showed that GSK-3β partially localized within mitochondria in both neuronal cell models. Moreover, MPP+ treatment induced a significant decrease of the specific phospho-Tyr216-GSK-3β labeling in mitochondria concomitantly with an increase into the cytosol. Using two distinct fluorescent probes, we showed that MPP+ induced cell death through the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Inhibition of GSK-3β activity using well-characterized inhibitors, LiCl and kenpaullone, and RNA interference, prevented MPP+-induced cell death by blocking mitochondrial membrane potential changes and subsequent caspase-9 and -3 activation. These results indicate that GSK-3β is a critical mediator of MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through its ability to regulate mitochondrial functions. Inhibition of GSK-3β activity might provide protection against mitochondrial stress-induced cell death