Estimación de la discriminación salarial femenina en la provincia de Segovia

Estudio o análisis sobre la discriminación salarial femenina en la provincia de Segovia, haciendo una comparativa a niveles regionales y nacionales, incluyendo un análisis de la brecha salarial en función de las características de los trabajadores así como de las empresas y puestos del trabajo.Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

A neural network to retrieve cloud cover from all-sky cameras: A case of study over Antarctica

We present a new model based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict daytime cloud cover (CC) from sky images captured by all-sky cameras, which is called CNN-CC. A total of 49,016 daytime sky images, recorded at different Spanish locations (Valladolid, La Palma, and Izaña) from two different all-sky camera types, are manually classified into different CC (oktas) values by trained researchers. Subsequently, the images are randomly split into a training set and a test set to validate the model. The CC values predicted by the CNN-CC model are compared with the observations made by trained people on the test set, which serve as reference.The research has been supported by the Ministeriode Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), with Grant no.PID2021-127588OB-I00, and the Junta of Castilla y León (JCyL) with Grant no. VA227P20. This work ispart of the project TED2021-131211B-I00 funded byMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the EuropeanUnion, “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR

El empleo de las canciones como herramienta didáctica en la clase de lengua

Memoria ID-0125. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Demonstration of neutrinoless double beta decay searches in gaseous xenon with NEXT

The NEXT collaboration: Novella, Pau et al.The NEXT experiment aims at the sensitive search of the neutrinoless double beta decay in 136Xe, using high-pressure gas electroluminescent time projection chambers. The NEXT-White detector is the first radiopure demonstrator of this technology, operated in the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc. Achieving an energy resolution of 1% FWHM at 2.6 MeV and further background rejection by means of the topology of the reconstructed tracks, NEXT-White has been exploited beyond its original goals in order to perform a neutrinoless double beta decay search. The analysis considers the combination of 271.6 days of 136Xe-enriched data and 208.9 days of 136Xe-depleted data. A detailed background modeling and measurement has been developed, ensuring the time stability of the radiogenic and cosmogenic contributions across both data samples. Limits to the neutrinoless mode are obtained in two alternative analyses: a background-model-dependent approach and a novel direct background-subtraction technique, offering results with small dependence on the background model assumptions. With a fiducial mass of only 3.50±0.01 kg of 136Xeenriched xenon, 90% C.L. lower limits to the neutrinoless double beta decay are found in the T0ν1/2 > 5.5×1023−1.3×1024 yr range, depending on the method. The presented techniques stand as a proof-of-concept for the searches to be implemented with larger NEXT detectors.The NEXT Collaboration acknowledges support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under Grant Agreement No. 951281- BOLD; the European Union’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) under Grant Agreement No. 957202-HIDDEN; the MCIN/AEI of Spain and ERDF A way of making Europe under grants PID2021-125475NB and the Severo Ochoa Program grant CEX2018-000867-S; the Generalitat Valenciana of Spain under grants PROMETEO/2021/087 and CIDEGENT/2019/049; the Department of Education of the Basque Government of Spain under the predoctoral training program non-doctoral research personnel; the Spanish la Caixa Foundation (ID 100010434) under fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI22/11910019; the Portuguese FCT under project UID/FIS/04559/2020 to fund the activities of LIBPhys-UC; the Israel Science Foundation (ISF) under grant 1223/21; the Pazy Foundation (Israel) under grants 310/22, 315/19 and 465; the US Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-06CH11357 (Argonne National Laboratory), DEAC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A&M), DE-SC0019054 (Texas Arlington) and DE-SC0019223 (Texas Arlington); the US National Science Foundation under award number NSF CHE 2004111; the Robert A Welch Foundation under award number Y-2031-20200401. Finally, we are grateful to the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc for hosting and supporting the NEXT experiment.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2018-000867-S).Article funded by SCOAP3 .Peer reviewe

A compact dication source for Ba2+ tagging and heavy metal ion sensor development

The NEXT Collaboration: K.E. Navarro et al.We present a tunable metal ion beam that delivers controllable ion currents in the picoamp range for testing of dry-phase ion sensors. Ion beams are formed by sequential atomic evaporation and single or multiple electron impact ionization, followed by acceleration into a sensing region. Controllability of the ionic charge state is achieved through tuning of electrode potentials that influence the retention time in the ionization region. Barium, lead, and cadmium samples have been used to test the system, with ion currents identified and quantified using a quadrupole mass analyzer. Realization of a clean Ba2+ ion beam within a bench-top system represents an important technical advance toward the development and characterization of barium tagging systems for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in xenon gas. This system also provides a testbed for investigation of novel ion sensing methodologies for environmental assay applications, with dication beams of Pb2+ and Cd2+ also demonstrated for this purpose.This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under awards DE-SC0019054 and DE-SC0019223, the US National Science Foundation under award number NSF CHE 2004111 and the Robert A Welch Foundation under award number Y-2031-20200401 (University of Texas Arlington). FJS was supported by the DOE Nuclear Physics Traineeship Program award DESC0022359. The NEXT Collaboration also acknowledges support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under Grant Agreement No. 951281-BOLD; the European Union’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) under Grant Agreement No. 957202-HIDDEN; the MCIN/AEI of Spain and ERDF A way of making Europe under grants RTI2018-095979 and PID2021-125475NB , the Severo Ochoa Program grant CEX2018-000867-S and the Ramón y Cajal program grant RYC-2015-18820; the Generalitat Valenciana of Spain under grants PROMETEO/2021/087 and CIDEGENT/2019/049; the Department of Education of the Basque Government of Spain under the predoctoral training program non-doctoral research personnel; the Portuguese FCT under project UID/FIS/04559/2020 to fund the activities of LIBPhys-UC; the Israel Science Foundation (ISF) under grant 1223/21; the Pazy Foundation (Israel) under grants 310/22, 315/19 and 465; the US Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-06CH11357 (Argonne National Laboratory), DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A&M). Finally, we are grateful to the Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc for hosting and supporting the NEXT experiment.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2018-000867-S).Peer reviewe

Measurement of the 136Xe two-neutrino double- β -decay half-life via direct background subtraction in NEXT

NEXT Collaboration: et al.We report a measurement of the half-life of the 136Xe two-neutrino double-β decay performed with a novel direct-background-subtraction technique. The analysis relies on the data collected with the NEXT-White detector operated with 136Xe-enriched and 136Xe-depleted xenon, as well as on the topology of double-electron tracks. With a fiducial mass of only 3.5 kg of Xe, a half-life of 2.34+0.80−0.46(stat)+0.30−0.17(sys)×1021yr is derived from the background-subtracted energy spectrum. The presented technique demonstrates the feasibility of unique background-model-independent neutrinoless double-β-decay searches.The NEXT Collaboration acknowledges support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under Grant No.951281-BOLD; the European Union’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) under Grant No. 957202-HIDDEN; the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 of Spain and ERDF “Away of making Europe” under Grant No.RTI2018-095979, the Severo Ochoa Program Grant No.CEX2018-000867-S, and the María de Maeztu Program Grant No.MDM-2016-0692; the Generalitat Valenciana of Spain under Grants No. PROMETEO/2021/087 and No. CIDEGENT/2019/049; the Portuguese FCT under Project No. UID/FIS/04559/2020 to fund the activities of LIB Phys-UC; the Pazy Foundation (Israel) under Grants No.877040 and No.877041; the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts No.DE-AC02-06CH11357(Argonne National Laboratory),No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), No. DE-FG02-13ER42020 (TexasA&M),No.DE-SC0019054 (Texas Arlington), and No.DE-SC0019223 (Arlington,TX); the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. CHE2004111;and the Robert A. Welch Foundation under Grant No.Y-203120200401. D.G.D. acknowledges support from the Ramón y Cajal program (Spain) under Contract No. RYC-2015-18820.Peer reviewe

Reflectance and fluorescence characteristics of PTFE coated with TPB at visible, UV, and VUV as a function of thickness

NEXT collaboration: et al.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is an excellent diffuse reflector widely used in light collection systems for particle physics experiments. In noble element systems, it is often coated with tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) to allow detection of vacuum ultraviolet scintillation light. In this work this dependence is investigated for PTFE coated with TPB in air for light of wavelengths of 200 nm, 260 nm, and 450 nm. The results show that TPB-coated PTFE has a reflectance of approximately 92% for thicknesses ranging from 5 mm to 10 mm at 450 nm, with negligible variation as a function of thickness within this range. A cross-check of these results using an argon chamber supports the conclusion that the change in thickness from 5 mm to 10 mm does not affect significantly the light response at 128 nm. Our results indicate that pieces of TPB-coated PTFE thinner than the typical 10 mm can be used in particle physics detectors without compromising the light signal.The NEXT collaboration acknowledges support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under Grant Agreement No. 951281-BOLD; the European Union’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) under Grant Agreement No. 957202-HIDDEN; the MCIN/AEI of Spain and ERDF A way of making Europe under grants RTI2018-095979 and PID2021-125475NB, the Severo Ochoa Program grant CEX2018-000867-S and the Ramon y Cajal program grant RYC-2015-18820; the Generalitat Valenciana of Spain under grants PROMETEO/2021/087 and CIDEGENT/2019/049; the Department of Education of the Basque Government of Spain under the predoctoral training program of nondoctoral research personnel; the Portuguese FCT under project UID/FIS/04559/2020 to fund the activities of LIBPhys-UC; the Pazy Foundation (Israel) under grants 877040 and 877041; the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-06CH11357 (Argonne National Laboratory), DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A&M), DE-SC0019054 (Texas Arlington) and DE-SC0019223 (Texas Arlington); the U.S. National Science Foundation under award number NSF CHE 2004111; the Robert A Welch Foundation under award number Y-2031-20200401.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2018-000867-S).Peer reviewe

Boosting background suppression in the NEXT experiment through Richardson-Lucy deconvolution

The NEXT collaboration: et al.Next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments aim for half-life sensitivities of ∼ 1027 yr, requiring suppressing backgrounds to < 1 count/tonne/yr. For this, any extra background rejection handle, beyond excellent energy resolution and the use of extremely radiopure materials, is of utmost importance. The NEXT experiment exploits differences in the spatial ionization patterns of double beta decay and single-electron events to discriminate signal from background. While the former display two Bragg peak dense ionization regions at the opposite ends of the track, the latter typically have only one such feature. Thus, comparing the energies at the track extremes provides an additional rejection tool. The unique combination of the topology-based background discrimination and excellent energy resolution (1% FWHM at the Q-value of the decay) is the distinguishing feature of NEXT. Previous studies demonstrated a topological background rejection factor of ∼ 5 when reconstructing electron-positron pairs in the 208Tl 1.6 MeV double escape peak (with Compton events as background), recorded in the NEXT-White demonstrator at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, with 72% signal efficiency. This was recently improved through the use of a deep convolutional neural network to yield a background rejection factor of ∼ 10 with 65% signal efficiency. Here, we present a new reconstruction method, based on the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm, which allows reversing the blurring induced by electron diffusion and electroluminescence light production in the NEXT TPC. The new method yields highly refined 3D images of reconstructed events, and, as a result, significantly improves the topological background discrimination. When applied to real-data 1.6 MeV e−e+ pairs, it leads to a background rejection factor of 27 at 57% signal efficiency.Peer reviewe

Elaboración del podcast “cápsulas de CINVet” (Cápsulas de Inmunoinfectología Veterinaria) para estudiantes del Grado en Veterinaria

Depto. de Sanidad AnimalFac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Design, characterization and installation of the NEXT-100 cathode and electroluminescence regions

The NEXT Collaboration: K. Mistry et al.NEXT-100 is currently being constructed at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc in the Spanish Pyrenees and will search for neutrinoless double beta decay using a high-pressure gaseous time projection chamber (TPC) with 100 kg of xenon. Charge amplification is carried out via electroluminescence (EL) which is the process of accelerating electrons in a high electric field region causing secondary scintillation of the medium proportional to the initial charge. The NEXT-100 EL and cathode regions are made from tensioned hexagonal meshes of 1 m diameter. This paper describes the design, characterization, and installation of these parts for NEXT-100. Simulations of the electric field are performed to model the drift and amplification of ionization electrons produced in the detector under various EL region alignments and rotations. Measurements of the electrostatic breakdown voltage in air characterize performance under high voltage conditions and identify breakdown points. The electrostatic deflection of the mesh is quantified and fit to a first-principles mechanical model. Measurements were performed with both a standalone test EL region and with the NEXT-100 EL region before its installation in the detector. Finally, we describe the parts as installed in NEXT-100, following their deployment in Summer 2023.The NEXT Collaboration acknowledges support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under Grant Agreement No. 951281-BOLD; the European Union’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) under Grant Agreement No. 957202-HIDDEN; the MCIN/AEI of Spain and ERDF A way of making Europe under grants PID2021-125475NB and the Severo Ochoa Program grant CEX2018-000867-S; the Generalitat Valenciana of Spain under grants PROMETEO/2021/087 and CIDEGENT/2019/049; the Department of Education of the Basque Government of Spain under the predoctoral training program non-doctoral research personnel; the Spanish la Caixa Foundation (ID 100010434) under fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI22/11910019; the Portuguese FCT under project UID/FIS/04559/2020 to fund the activities of LIBP ys-UC; the Israel Science Foundation (ISF) under grant 1223/21; the Pazy Foundation (Israel) under grants 310/22, 315/19 and 465; the US Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-06CH11357 (Argonne National Laboratory), DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A&M), DE-SC0019054 (Texas Arlington) and DE-SC0019223 (Texas Arlington); the US National Science Foundation under award number NSF CHE 2004111; the Robert A Welch Foundation under award number Y-2031-20200401.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2018-000867-S).Peer reviewe