Aportes de Danzaterapia a la visión holística de Terapia Ocupacional en el área de rehabilitación física

Tesis (Terapeuta Ocupacional)... respecto a Danzaterapia no hay estudios ni investigaciones como complemento a la práctica tradicional de la Terapia Ocupacional. Algunas de las áreas de Terapia Ocupacional donde es más utilizada la Danzaterapia son visual, discapacidad auditiva, entre otros. (Lavandez G, 2009). Es por esto que consideramos relevante poder indagar en esta disciplina para conocer los fundamentos de la Danzaterapia y como se puede complementar con la práctica de la Terapia Ocupacional, en donde esta tiene una mirada que se enfoca en recuperar la funcionalidad y normalizar un cuerpo para realizar una ocupación que sea efectiva en el ambiente (Gary Kielhofner)

Implicit theories and teaching practices that promote inclusive education in the University: instruments and data for reflection and discussion

The results found from the application of two instruments that explore implicit theories and teaching practices about inclusive education in a group of undergraduate Chilean teachers are presented. Diversification of university students in Chile has generated major challenges to teachers, in terms of quality and equity in education and therefore this study contributes with ideas and reflections. The statistical analysis showed that the instruments employed in the study had adequate reliability and validity. It was also found that teaching practices that promote inclusive education are significantly related with conceptions about student's capabilities of learning, but they are not related with conceptions about teacher's responsibility with students learning. The instruments analyzed in this work showed to be useful for the comprehension of cognition, values, and practice of university teachers.Se presentan los resultados encontrados en la aplicación de dos instrumentos que exploran las teorías implícitas y las prácticas de enseñanza acerca de la inclusión educativa, en un grupo de docentes chilenos de pregrado. La diversificación del alumnado universitario en Chile ha traído consigo importantes desafíos para los docentes en términos de calidad y equidad de la educación, por lo que este estudio aporta ideas y reflexiones en este contexto. El análisis estadístico evidenció que los instrumentos presentaban adecuada validez y fiabilidad. Se encontró que las prácticas de enseñanza que favorecen la inclusión educativa se relacionaban significativamente con las concepciones sobre las capacidades de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, pero no con las concepciones sobre la responsabilidad de los docentes con el aprendizaje de los alumnos. Los instrumentos analizados mostraron ser útiles para la comprensión de las cogniciones, valores, y prácticas de los docentes universitario

Marcadores de inflamación y perfil lipídico en pacientes obesos

La obesidad es una enfermedad metabólica asociada a insulinorresistencia (IR) y a un estado proinflamatorio, constituyendo un factor de riesgo de diabetes tipo 2 y enfermedad cardiovascular. En condiciones de obesidad, el tejido adiposo sufre una remodelación que favorece la síntesis de adipoquinas proinflamatorias y reactantes de fase aguda que promueven una inflamación crónica de bajo grado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar los niveles plasmáticos de Fibrinógeno (Fg), PCR ultrasensible (uPCR), TNF-α y mieloperoxidasa (MPO) en pacientes obesos y su correlación con IR e índices antropométricos. Se estudiaron 54 pacientes obesos (20M/34F), de 48±11años, que fueron comparados con 20 individuos sanos de sexo y edades semejantes. En ambos grupos se midió peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura (CC), se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y se determinó: glucemia y perfil lipídico (Wiener Lab), TNF-α (R&D Systems), MPO (Binding Site Ltd.), Fg (Diag.Stago), Insulina (ECLIA) y se calculó el HOMA. Los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS 25 y se expresaron como la media±DS. Se consideró significativo un p<0,05. Los pacientes obesos, presentaron valores aumentados de: Fg (385±117 vs. 275±32 mg/dl, p=0,004); uPCR (7,4±5,6 vs. 1,4±1,6 m/dl, p=0,001); Insulina (23±16 vs. 7,2±2,4 uUI/ml, p=0,001), HOMA (5,2±3,9 vs. 2,1±0,3 p=0,001), Colesterol total (223±47 vs. 187±22 mg/dl, p=0,04) y LDL-C (150±45 vs.118±49 mg/dl, p=0,046). Sin embargo, los valores de TNF-α y MPO no mostraron diferencias significativas con los controles. El IMC se correlacionó positivamente con insulina, HOMA, Fg y uPCR, mientras que el CC lo hizo con insulina, HOMA y uPCR. Los resultados sugieren la presencia de un estado inflamatorio de bajo grado asociado a IR en pacientes obesos.Fil: Aleman, Mariano Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Luciardi, María Constanza. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, E. L.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; ArgentinaFil: Mariani, A. C.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; ArgentinaFil: Herrera, Héctor Matías. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Albornoz, Estela Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; ArgentinaFil: Valdez, M. E.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Abregu, Adela Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Bioquímica Clinica Aplicada. Cátedra de Practica Profesional; ArgentinaXXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la Asociación de Biología de TucumánArgentinaAsociación de Biología de Tucumá

Case-case comparison of smoking and alcohol risk associations with Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric cancer: Behavioral Risk Factor in EBV-Positive Gastric Cancer

Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastric cancer. However, monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nucleic acid is also present in up to 10% of these tumors worldwide. EBV prevalence is increased with male sex, non-antral localization and surgically disrupted anatomy. To further examine associations between EBV and gastric cancer, we organized an international consortium of 11 studies with tumor EBV status assessed by in situ hybridization. We pooled individual-level data on 2,648 gastric cancer patients, including 184 (7%) with EBV-positive cancers; all studies had information on cigarette use (64% smokers) and 9 had data on alcohol (57% drinkers). We compared patients with EBV-positive and EBV-negative tumors to evaluate smoking and alcohol interactions with EBV status. To account for within-population clustering, multi-level logistic regression models were used to estimate interaction odds ratios (OR) adjusted for distributions of sex (72% male), age (mean 59 years), tumor histology (56% Lauren intestinal-type), anatomic subsite (61% noncardia) and year of diagnosis (1983–2012). In unadjusted analyses, the OR of EBV positivity with smoking was 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6–3.2). The OR was attenuated to 1.5 (95% CI, 1.01–2.3) by adjustment for the possible confounders. There was no significant interaction of EBV status with alcohol drinking (crude OR, 1.4; adjusted OR, 1.0). Our data indicate the smoking association with gastric cancer is stronger for EBV-positive than EBV-negative tumors. Conversely, the null association with alcohol does not vary by EBV status. Distinct epidemiologic characteristics of EBV-positive cancer further implicate the virus as a co-factor in gastric carcinogenesis

Ongoing diversification of the global fish pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis through genetic isolation and transposition bursts

The management of bacterial pathogens remains a key challenge of aquaculture. The marine gammaproteobacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis is the etiological agent of piscirickettsiosis and causes multi-systemic infections in different salmon species, resulting in considerable mortality and substantial commercial losses. Here, we elucidate its global diversity, evolution, and selection during human interventions. Our comprehensive analysis of 73 closed, high quality genome sequences covered strains from major outbreaks and was supplemented by an analysis of all P. salmonis 16S rRNA gene sequences and metagenomic reads available in public databases. Genome comparison showed that Piscirickettsia comprises at least three distinct, genetically isolated species of which two showed evidence for continuing speciation. However, at least twice the number of species exist in marine fish or seawater. A hallmark of Piscirickettsia diversification is the unprecedented amount and diversity of transposases which are particularly active in subgroups undergoing rapid speciation and are key to the acquisition of novel genes and to pseudogenization. Several group-specific genes are involved in surface antigen synthesis and may explain the differences in virulence between strains. However, the frequent failure of antibiotic treatment of piscirickettsiosis outbreaks cannot be explained by horizontal acquisition of resistance genes which so far occurred only very rarely. Besides revealing a dynamic diversification of an important pathogen, our study also provides the data for improving its surveillance, predicting the emergence of novel lineages, and adapting aquaculture management, and thereby contributes towards the sustainability of salmon farming

Skin manifestations in COVID-19: prevalence and relationship with disease severity

Background: Data on the clinical patterns and histopathology of SARS-CoV-2 related skin lesions, as well as on their relationship with the severity of COVID-19 are limited. Methods and Materials: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a teaching hospital in Barcelona, Spain, from 1 April to 1 May 2020. Clinical, microbiological and therapeutic characteristics, clinicopathological patterns of skin lesions, and direct immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical findings in skin biopsies were analyzed. Results: Fifty-eight out of the 2761 patients (2.1%) either consulting to the emergency room or admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 suspicion during the study period presented COVID-19 related skin lesions. Cutaneous lesions could be categorized into six patterns represented by the acronym "GROUCH": Generalized maculo-papular (20.7%), Grover's disease and other papulo-vesicular eruptions (13.8%), livedo Reticularis (6.9%), Other eruptions (22.4%), Urticarial (6.9%), and CHilblain-like (29.3%). Skin biopsies were performed in 72.4%, including direct immunofluorescence in 71.4% and immunohistochemistry in 28.6%. Patients with chilblain-like lesions exhibited a characteristic histology and were significantly younger and presented lower rates of systemic symptoms, radiological lung infiltrates and analytical abnormalities, and hospital and ICU admission compared to the rest of patients. Conclusion: Cutaneous lesions in patients with COVID-19 appear to be relatively rare and varied. Patients with chilblain-like lesions have a characteristic clinicopathological pattern and a less severe presentation of COVID-19

Health for sale: the medicinal plant markets in Trujillo and Chiclayo, Northern Peru

Traditional methods of healing have been beneficial in many countries with or without access to conventional allopathic medicine. In the United States, these traditional practices are increasingly being sought after for illnesses that cannot be easily treated by allopathic medicine. More and more people are becoming interested in the knowledge maintained by traditional healers and in the diversity of medicinal plants that flourish in areas like Northern Peru. While scientific studies of medicinal plants are underway, concern has arisen over the preservation of both the large diversity of medicinal plants and the traditional knowledge of healing methods that accompanies them. To promote further conservation work, this study attempted to document the sources of the most popular and rarest medicinal plants sold in the markets of Trujillo (Mayorista and Hermelinda) and Chiclayo (Modelo and Moshoqueque), as well as to create an inventory of the plants sold in these markets, which will serve as a basis for comparison with future inventories. Individual markets and market stalls were subjected to cluster analysis based on the diversity of the medicinal plants they carry. The results show that markets were grouped based on the presence of: (1) common exotic medicinal plants; (2) plants used by laypeople for self-medication related to common ailments ("everyday remedies"); (3) specialized medicinal plants used by curanderos or traditional healers; and (4) highly "specialized" plants used for magical purposes. The plant trade in the study areas seems to correspond well with the specific health care demands from clientele in those areas. The specific market patterns of plant diversity observed in the present study represent a foundation for comparative market research in Peru and elsewhere

Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices

Introduction: Integrating genetic data into conservation management decisions is a challenging task that requires strong partnerships between researchers and managers. Conservation in Latin America is of crucial relevance worldwide given the high biodiversity levels and the presence of hotspots in this region.Methods: We conducted a survey across Latin America to identify gaps and opportunities between genetic researchers and conservation managers. We aimed to better understand conservation managers’ points of view and how genetic research could help conservation practitioners to achieve their goals, by implementing genetic assessments that could effectively inform conservation practices. We distributed an online survey via four regional collaborating organizations and 32 focal points based in 20 Latin American countries. The target respondents were conservation managers of species or areas in Latin America.Results: We collected a total of 468 answered questionnaires from 21 Latin American countries. Most respondents (44%) were from an academic or research institution while non-academics were mainly from non-governmental institutions (30%) and government agencies (25%). Most respondents (65%) have performed or used genetic assessments in their managed area or species, either alone, in partnership, contracting someone else or using published results. For the majority of this group, the genetic results were relevant to their conservation management goals, helping to inform management decisions. Respondents that had not performed genetic assessments (35%) were mainly from the non-academic group, and their main barriers were limited access to funds, genetic lab facilities, and trained personnel to design studies and conduct lab work.Discussion: From the findings, we describe the current situation and provide a general diagnosis of the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America. We describe the gender gap, academic-practitioner co-development of conservation questions and projects, and the nationality and residency of Latin American conservation managers in relation to the countries where they work. We discuss opportunities to co-create research questions and co-develop studies based on conservation practitioners’ needs. We offer recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrate genetic information into conservation actions, and advance agendas that fit the needs and realities of the highly heterogeneous, biodiverse and challenging Latin American region

Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein–Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis

About 9% of gastric carcinomas have Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in the tumour cells, but it is unclear whether viral presence influences clinical progression. We therefore examined a large multicentre case series for the association of tumour EBV status with survival after gastric cancer diagnosis, accounting for surgical stage and other prognostic factors