Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in East Asian-ancestry populations identifies four new loci for body mass index

Recent genetic association studies have identified 55 genetic loci associated with obesity or body mass index (BMI). The vast majority, 51 loci, however, were identified in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations between BMI and ∼2.5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms among 86 757 individuals of Asian ancestry, followed by in silico and de novo replication among 7488–47 352 additional Asian-ancestry individuals. We identified four novel BMI-associated loci near the KCNQ1 (rs2237892, P = 9.29 × 10−13), ALDH2/MYL2 (rs671, P = 3.40 × 10−11; rs12229654, P = 4.56 × 10−9), ITIH4 (rs2535633, P = 1.77 × 10−10) and NT5C2 (rs11191580, P = 3.83 × 10−8) genes. The association of BMI with rs2237892, rs671 and rs12229654 was significantly stronger among men than among women. Of the 51 BMI-associated loci initially identified in European-ancestry populations, we confirmed eight loci at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5.0 × 10−8) and an additional 14 at P < 1.0 × 10−3 with the same direction of effect as reported previously. Findings from this analysis expand our knowledge of the genetic basis of obesity

Datasheet1_The longitudinal course of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and its time to resolution: A prospective observational study.docx

BackgroundThe longitudinal course of patients with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is not well described. In this study, we describe the oxygenation index (OI) and oxygen saturation index (OSI) in mild, moderate, and severe PARDS over 28 days and provide pilot data for the time to resolution of PARDS (Tres), as a short-term respiratory-specific outcome, hypothesizing that it is associated with the severity of PARDS and clinical outcomes.MethodsThis prospective observational study recruited consecutive patients with PARDS. OI and OSI were trended daily over 28 days. Tres (defined as OI ResultsThere were 121 children included in this study, 33/121(27.3%), 44/121(36.4%), and 44/121(36.4%) in the mild, moderate, and severe groups of PARDS, respectively. OI and OSI clearly differentiated mild, moderate, and severe groups in the first 7days of PARDS; however, this differentiation was no longer present after 7days. Median Tres was 4 (interquartile range: 3, 6), 5 (4, 7), and 7.5 (7, 11.5) days; p res was associated with increased MV duration, ICU and hospital length of stay, and decreased VFD and IFD.ConclusionThe oxygenation defect in PARDS took progressively longer to resolve across the mild, moderate, and severe groups. Tres is a potential short-term respiratory-specific outcome, which may be useful in addition to conventional clinical outcomes but needs further validation in external cohorts.</p

Role of Asymptomatic Children in Community Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmission

10.1093/infdis/jiab138JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES223101834-183

Carbon-doped ZnO nanostructures synthesized using vitamin C for visible light photocatalysis

We report the synthesis of carbon-doped zinc oxide nanostructures using vitamin C, and their visible light photocatalytic activity. Amorphous/crystalline vitamin C-ZnO (VitC-ZnO) structures were obtained from a solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, HMT, and vitamin C through heating at 95 degrees C for 1 h. VitC-ZnO structures were calcined in air at 500 degrees C for 2 h to create C-doped ZnO nanostructures. Calcined structures were polycrystalline, with an average crystal domain size of 7 nm. EDS, XPS, and XRD analysis revealed the substitution of oxygen with carbon and the formation of Zn-C bonds in the C-doped ZnO nanostructures. The carbon concentrations, in the form of carbide, were controlled by varying the concentrations of vitamin C (more than 1 mM) added to reaction solutions. On the basis of these experimental results, we propose a possible formation mechanism for C-doped ZnO nanostructures. The C-doped ZnO nanostructures exhibited visible light absorption bands that were red-shifted relative to the UV exciton absorption of pure ZnO nanostructures. The visible light (lambda &gt;= 420 nm) photocatalytic activities of C-doped ZnO nanostructures were much better than the activities of pure ZnO nanostructuresclose576

Impact of contrast-enhanced mammography in surgical management of breast cancers for women with dense breasts: a dual-center, multi-disciplinary study in Asia

10.1007/s00330-022-08906-0EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY32128226-823