Elaboración de propuesta de mejora para el proceso de monitoreo de servidores mediante automatización, en el área de operaciones de TI de una entidad financiera

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Administración de Tecnologías de Información) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Administración de Tecnologías de Información, 2024.Esta investigación tiene como propósito la elaboración de una propuesta de mejora para el proceso de monitoreo de servidores mediante automatización, en el área de operaciones de TI de una entidad financiera, durante el periodo comprendido en el segundo semestre de 2023. El estudio se basó en la aplicación de una investigación cualitativa y un procedimiento metodológico compuesto por tres fases, análisis de la situación actual, propuesta de mejora e implementación de la mejora. Para la primera de las fases se aplicaron diferentes instrumentos de investigación como las entrevistas, observaciones y revisiones documentales que permitieron obtener los insumos necesarios para diagnosticar el estado actual del proceso a mejorar. Mediante los insumos obtenidos en la primera fase, se identificaron las oportunidades de mejora asociadas al proyecto, mediante priorización, análisis de los lentes de madison como tiempo y frustración, así como análisis FODA, permiten generar los elementos necesarios para rediseñar el proceso y generar el modelo to-be. Este rediseño del proceso es el que guía el proceso hacia su mejora mediante la automatización. En la segunda fase del proyecto se implementan las mejoras planteadas en el rediseño del proceso, se genera el código necesario para automatizar los diferentes procesos, y se realiza un análisis de brecha para evidenciar la eliminación de tareas que ya no serán necesarias de ejecutar, el nuevo nivel de madurez, la gestión de los riesgos y la eliminación de frustraciones. Por otro lado, la generación de documentación adecuada al proceso como lo son manuales de usuario y matriz de roles y responsabilidades. En la última fase del proyecto, se diseña y ejecuta un plan de pruebas de las automatizaciones realizadas, que permite validar y realizar un análisis en términos de tiempo y costo del estado actual del proceso contra el objetivo mediante una simulación. Esto acompañado de un plan para gestionar el cambio que consiste en una serie de doce pasos divididos en tres fases que abarcan aspectos entender la necesidad del cambio, la implantación del cambio y la evaluación del cambio. Esta gestión del cambio está orientada a las personas y en cada una de las fases se involucran a las personas adecuadamente, esto debido a la naturaleza del proyecto de tratarse de automatización. Como parte del resultado de la elaboración de la propuesta de mejora del proceso, se concluye que de acuerdo con el modelo de madurez de procesos de Michael Hammer el proceso aumenta de un nivel P-0 a un nivel P-2 siendo que, según los resultados, así como la reducción de costos y tiempos asociados a la ejecución del proceso. Por lo tanto, se recomienda realizar la implementación en producción de la solución propuesta.This research aims to develop an improvement proposal for the server monitoring process through automation, in the IT operations area of a financial institution, during the second semester of 2023. The study was based on the application of qualitative research and a methodological procedure composed of three phases: analysis of the current situation, proposal for improvement, and implementation of the improvement. For the first phase, different research instruments such as interviews, observations, and document reviews were applied, which allowed obtaining the necessary inputs to diagnose the current state of the process to be improved. Based on the inputs obtained in the first phase, the improvement opportunities associated with the project were identified. Through prioritization, analysis of Madison's lenses such as time and frustration, as well as SWOT analysis, the necessary elements were generated to redesign the process and create the to-be model. This process redesign guides the process towards improvement through automation. In the second phase of the project, the improvements proposed in the process redesign are implemented, the necessary code is generated to automate the different processes, and a gap analysis is carried out to demonstrate the elimination of tasks that will no longer be necessary to execute, the new level of maturity, risk management, and the elimination of frustrations. On the other hand, the generation of documentation appropriate to the process such as user manuals and a matrix of roles and responsibilities. In the final phase of the project, a testing plan for the performed automations is designed and executed, allowing validation and analysis in terms of time and cost of the current state of the process against the objective through simulation. This is accompanied by a change management plan consisting of a series of twelve steps divided into three phases that cover aspects of understanding the need for change, implementing the change, and evaluating the change. This change management is oriented towards people, and appropriate involvement of individuals is ensured in each of the phases due to the nature of the automation project. As part of the outcome of the process improvement proposal development, it is concluded that according to Michael Hammer's process maturity model, the process increases from a level P0 to a level P-2, given the results, as well as the reduction of costs and times associated with the execution of the process. Therefore, it is recommended to proceed with the implementation of the proposed solution in production

Biological Efficacy of <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. and <em>Bacillus</em> spp. in the Management of Plant Diseases

This chapter will cover topics about the microbial antagonists Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus spp. from the perspective of use as potential biological control agents on plant diseases. Results obtained in the laboratory about from their isolation, microbial strain collections for both genera, taxonomic identification, antifungal activity in in vitro tests, obtained evaluation of the antifungal effect of secondary metabolites from microbial antagonists will be shown. Besides, results obtained from bioassays in the greenhouse and field are used as biopesticides in the control of diseases in fruit trees and vegetables and their effects on the promotion of plant growth and increased crop yield

Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint: Clinical and Imagenological Diagnosis, Pathogenic Role of the Immuno- Inflammatory Response, and Immunotherapeutic Strategies Based on T Regulatory Lymphocytes

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease affecting the TMJ. It is the most common TMJ disorder and shows a higher prevalence in women and older people. TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is characterized by variable degrees of inflammation, destruction of the articular cartilage, and sub-chondral bone resorption. In this context, diverse pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, and bone-resorptive associated factors have been considered as possible markers of active TMJ-OA. The molecular balance is determinant not only for initiation and progression, but also for the clinical expression of the disease. Recent advances in the biochemical analysis of synovial fluid from affected patients have provided new insights into the patho-physiology of the TMJ-OA; however, its molecular pathogenesis still remains unclear. Recently, a Th1 and Th17-dominated immune response has been associated with the inflammatory and destructive events characteristic of TMJ-OA and, in particular, the Th17 lymphocyte pathway has a pivotal role in the increased production of RANKL, which is involved in osteoclast activation and subsequent sub-chondral bone resorption. Understanding the TMJ physiology and pathogenesis of the TMJ-OA, together with the key molecular determinants of the TMJ tissue destruction, will enable the development of new chair-side point of care diagnostics and more conservative treatment modalities with minimal complications

Young Citizens Participation:Empirical Testing of a Conceptual Model

A growing body of literature from different disciplines addresses concepts and measurement of citizenship. The present article seeks to contribute to this field by examining the issue of youth citizenship from a comparative international perspective and proposing a simplified conceptual model that can be operationalized. This model includes a community dimension, which refers to individual’s relationship with their community associations, and a civic dimension, concerning institutional processes such as voting and/or political activism. The model was tested using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis and measurement equivalence for eighth-grade students (n = 139.875) across 38 countries that participated in the International Civic and Citizenship Study (2009). Our results find support for the proposed conceptual model and its invariance across countries, and we discuss the implications for theory and further research.</p

Laboratory-Scale Biodegradation of Fuel Oil No. 6 in Contaminated Soils by Autochthonous Bacteria

In order to evaluate the degradation of fuel oil no. 6 (FO6) in contaminated soil, laboratory-scale bioreactors were set up to study biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and natural attenuation processes. A solution of fertilizers was added in biostimulation and biouagmentation (0.03% N, 0.01% P). To the bioaugmentation process, an enrichment culture of indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms was also added once a week. Total aerobic and hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were determined by plate count, and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration was determined gravimetrically (EPA method 9071b) every 15 days. After 1 year of study, degradation rate was higher for biostimulation (0.19 g TPH/day), followed by natural attenuation (0.18 g TPH/day) and bioaugmentation (0.16 g TPH/day). TPH showed a change in composition of hydrocarbons, attributed to microbiological activity. Microbial counts of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were on the range of 4–6 log CFU/g soil. Preliminary bacterial identification corresponded to Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Actinomyces, and Bacillus strains; randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD); and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis demonstrated a large microbial diversity. From the degradation rates, it can be predicted that such limits will be achieved by increasing further 107–117 days of the treatments. Results demonstrated to be efficient on the restoration of contaminated soil, being an alternative to treat soils contaminated with heavy hydrocarbons

A tetraiodo cuprate NHC-MIC biscarbene proligand: coordination chemistry and preliminary catalysis

La preparación de una sal híbrida conteniendo cationes imidazolio/triazolio [NHC-MIC]²+ fue llevada a cabo en tres pasos sintéticos utilizando la cicloadición de azida-alquino catalizada por cobre (CuAAC) y la subsecuente N-metilación del 1,2,-3 triazol. Deprotonación selectiva de la sal mixta con NaH en presencia de un precursor metálico (M= Pd, Rh) permite la síntesis de NHC-metálicos conteniendo fragmentos catiónicos de tipo triazolio [NHC∙(M)-MIC]+. La subsecuente deprotonación del triazolio con KOᵗBu en presencia de Mpermite entonces la síntesis de complejos inusuales tipo quelato conteniendo carbenos clásicos tipo NHC y carbenos mesoiónicos MIC con estructura general [NHC∙(M)∙MIC]+MX₂-. Todos los compuestos han sido caracterizados mediante RMN de ¹H y ¹³C, FT-IR y cristalografía de rayos-X de monocristal. Estudios catalíticos preliminares de los nuevos complejos en procesos de formación de α-cetoamidas serán discutidos.A novel linked imidazolium/triazolium salt [NHC-MIC]²+ was preparedin three synthetic stepsusing copper catalyzed alkyne azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) and N-methylation protocols. Metallation of the imidazolium moiety using KHMDS in presence of a metallic precursor (M = Pd, Rh) yields NHC-anchored/pendent triazolium species [NHC∙(M)-MIC]+ in good yields. The subsequent deprotonation of the triazolium fragment with KOᵗBu in presence of one equivalent of M delivers the rare chelating mixed classical NHC/mesionic biscarbene complexes with the general formula [NHC∙(M)∙MIC]+MX₂-. All the complexes were fully characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR, FT-IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Preliminary catalytic performances of the new complexes in the oxidativepreparation of α-ketoamides will be discussed

Aprendizaje servicio en la educación superior: desde la participación individual a la participación institucionalizada

The text gives an account of the trajectory experienced by a group of academics who were meeting in different university spaces, to implement in their chairs the active participatory methodology called service learning. While this was happening the Chilean universities were invited to install processes related to university social responsibility, driven by the Universidad Construye País Project. The text gives an account of the actions experienced while the university spaces were generating conditions to support the promotion of knowledge with a social and ethical stamp, going from isolated academic work to a collective one that demands institutionalization.El presente texto da cuenta de la trayectoria vivida por un grupo de académicos que fueron encontrándose en distintos espacios universitarios, para implementar en sus cátedras la metodología activo-participativa denominada aprendizaje servicio. Mientras ello acontecía las universidades chilenas eran invitadas a instalar procesos relacionados con la responsabilidad social universitaria, impulsada por el Proyecto Universidad Construye País. Este correlato da cuenta de las acciones vividas en tanto los espacios universitarios fueron generando condiciones para apoyar la promoción del conocimiento con sello social y ético, pasando del trabajo académico aislado a uno colectivo que demanda institucionalización

Nuevos registros para la ardilla voladora (Glaucomys Volans) en el estado de Hidalgo, México

Three news localities for the flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans) are added in Hidalgo, México. All records are localized more to 40 km North to the one locality previously know for Hidalgo. Information suggests that flying squirrel may be a common habitant of the temperate forest of the Sierra de Pachuca, Hidalgo.