57 research outputs found
Historias para contar
Historias para contar es un proyecto basado en todo lo relacionado con la creación de un
libro de fotoilustraciones. El formato elegido ha sido pensado para alcanzar al público en
general, ya que para este tipo de proyectos se considera que no existe un rango de edad
específica al que dirigirse. Se trata de una propuesta creativa inscrita en el ámbito de la
ilustración y la fotografía, utilizando como herramienta el maquillaje y la edición digital.
Asimismo, las fotografías están acompañadas de breves relatos sobre los personajes que se
presenten."Historias para contar" is a project based on the study of all elements related to the creation
of a photo illustration book. The choosen format has been used to reach the general public,
since for this kind of work does not exist an age range to consider. This is a creative approach
that belongs to the fields of illustration and photography, using makeup and digital edition as
main tools. Likewise, photograps are acompanied with short stories about the characters
represented
Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Food Sources of Selected Antioxidant Minerals and Vitamins; and Their Relationship with Personal and Family Factors in Spanish Children Aged 1 to <10 Years: Results from the EsNuPI Study
Minerals and vitamins involved in the antioxidant defense system are essential for healthy
growth and proper development during infancy. Milk and dairy products are of particular importance
for improving the supply of these nutrients to children. Indeed, the present study aimed to evaluate
the nutrient intake and food sources of zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), retinol and carotenoids (sources
of vitamin A), and vitamins C and E, and to analyze their relationships with personal and familiar
factors in Spanish children from the EsNuPI study. One subpopulation representative of the Spanish
population from 1 to <10 years old (n = 707) (reference group, REF) who reported consuming all
types of milk over the last year, and another subpopulation of the same age who reported consuming
fortified milk formulas (FMFs) (including follow-on formula, young child formula, growing up milk,
toddler’s milk, and enriched and fortified milk) (n = 741) (fortified milk consumers, FMCs) completed
two 24 h dietary recalls used to estimate their nutrient intakes and to compare them to the European
Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). The REF reported higher median
intakes than FMCs for Se (61 g/kg vs. 51 g/kg) and carotenoids (1079 g/day vs. 998 g/day).
Oppositely, FMCs reported higher intakes than REF for Zn (7.9 mg/day vs. 6.9 mg/day), vitamin
A (636 g/day vs. 481 g/day), vitamin E (8.9 mg/day vs. 4.5 mg/day), vitamin C (113 mg/day
vs. 71 mg/day), and retinol (376 g/day vs. 233 g/day). In the REF group, more than 50% of the
children met the EFSA recommendations for Zn (79.6%), Se (87.1%), vitamin A (71.3%), and vitamin
C (96.7%), respectively. On the other hand, 92.2% were below the EFSA recommendations for vitamin
E. In the FMC group, more than 50% of the children met the EFSA recommendations for Zn (55.2%),
Se (90.8%), vitamin A (75.7%), vitamin E (66.7%), and vitamin C (100%). We found statistically
significant differences between subpopulations for all cases except for Se. In both subpopulations,
the main sources of all antioxidant nutrients were milk and dairy products. For carotenoids, the
main sources were vegetables and fruits followed by milk and dairy products. A high percentage of
children had vitamins A and E intakes below the recommendations, information of great importance
to stakeholders. More studies using intakes and biomarkers are needed, however, to determine an
association with diverse factors of oxidative damage.Instituto Puleva de Nutricion (IPN)FENFINUTdairy company Lactali
Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Food Sources of Protein and Relationships with Personal and Family Factors in Spanish Children Aged One to <10 Years: Findings of the EsNuPI Study
This research was funded by Instituto Puleva de Nutricion (IPN), which is a non-profit entity that promotes scientific research, mainly in the field of nutrition and health: child nutrition, cardiovascular, bone and digestive health, etc., as well as the dissemination of quality scientific content. While the IPN is funded by the dairy company Lactalis, its actions are based on the decisions of an independent scientific board formed by renowned international scientists. A. G. is co-financed by the Research Plan of the Vice-Rectorate of Research and Transfer of the University of Granada, Spain.The authors would like to thank IPN for its support and technical advice. The
results presented in this article constitute part of Casandra Madrigal Arellano’s doctoral thesis,
performed in the Nutrition and Food Sciences Doctorate Program of the University of Granada and
financed by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT).Diet in the first years of life is an important factor in growth and development. Dietary protein is a critical macronutrient that provides both essential and nonessential amino acids required for sustaining all body functions and procedures, providing the structural basis to maintain life and healthy development and growth in children. In this study, our aim was to describe the total protein intake, type and food sources of protein, the adequacy to the Population Reference Intake (PRI) for protein by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) by the Institute of Medicine (IoM). Furthermore, we analyzed whether the consumption of dairy products (including regular milk, dairy products, or adapted milk formulas) is associated with nutrient adequacy and the contribution of protein to diet and whole dietary profile in the two cohorts of the EsNuPI (in English, Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population) study; one cohort was representative of the Spanish population from one to <10 years old (n = 707) (Spanish reference cohort, SRS) who reported consuming all kinds of milk and one was a cohort of the same age who reported consuming adapted milk over the last year (including follow-on formula, growing up milk, toddler's milk, and enriched and fortified milks) (n = 741) (adapted milk consumers cohort, AMS). The children of both cohorts had a high contribution from protein to total energy intake (16.79% SRS and 15.63% AMS) and a high total protein intake (60.89 g/day SRS and 53.43 g/day AMS). We observed that protein intake in Spanish children aged one to <10 years old was above the European and international recommendations, as well as the recommended percentages for energy intakes. The main protein sources were milk and dairy products (28% SRS and 29% AMS) and meat and meat products (27% SRS and 26% AMS), followed by cereals (16% SRS and 15% AMS), fish and shellfish (8% in both cohorts), eggs (5% SRS and 6% AMS), and legumes (4% in both cohorts). In our study population, protein intake was mainly from an animal origin (meat and meat products, milk and dairy products, fish and shellfish, and eggs) rather than from a plant origin (cereals and legumes). Future studies should investigate the long-term effect of dietary protein in early childhood on growth and body composition, and whether high protein intake affects health later in life.Instituto Puleva de Nutricion (IPN)dairy company LactalisResearch Plan of the Vice-Rectorate of Research and Transfer of the University of Granada, Spai
Usos tradicionales y prácticas de manejo de <em>Piper auritum</em> en comunidades maya rurales de Yucatán
Background: Plant domestication is a continuous, multidirectional process that is directed via plant selection and management. In the current study we use Piper auritum, an aromatic plant frequently used in Mexican cuisine and for medicinal purpose, to characterize the domestication level using information about its cultural relevance, management practices and leaf traits differentiation in managed and ruderal populations.
Questions: What is the level of domestication of the aromatic plant Piper auritum? Are there any morphological or phytochemical differences between home garden and ruderal populations?
Studied species: Piper auritum, Kunth
Study site and dates: Ten communities in eastern Yucatan, México, from 2019 to 2021.
Methods: Fifty-three Semi-structured interviews were applied (72 % women and 28 % men). Morphological and phytochemical leaf traits were measured to test management effects using home garden and ruderal populations.
Results: People interviewed knew P. auritum and its uses. Five culinary and 12 medicinal uses were registered. P. auritum is grown in homegardens and the main management activity is irrigation. The selection occurs at the leaf level according to their size and resistance. Home garden plants registered greater foliar area and hardness and decreased safrole, compared to ruderal.
Conclusions: Piper auritum is widely known in the communities and has a variety of culinary and medicinal uses. Management is vital for its survival in home gardens, but the species germinates spontaneously and is not usually planted. We found differences in leaf traits in managed and unmanaged populations. With this evidence we propose that P. auritumis under incipient domestication
Physiological Responses of Species to Microclimate Help explain Population Dynamics along Succession in a Tropical Dry Forest of Yucatan, Mexico
We investigated relationships between population dynamics and microclimate, physiology, and the degree of mycorrhizal colonization, for three species (Piscidia piscipula L.(Sarg.)) (Fabaceae), Bunchosia swartzianaGriseb. (Malpighiaceae) and Psidium sartorianum (Bergius) Nied. (Myrtaceae)) of a tropical sub deciduous forest in Yucatan, Mexico that were growing in plots of different successional ages. We hypothesized that abundance and persistence were related to increased plasticity in CO2assimilation. We found that Piscidia piscipula had greater abundance in intermediate plots (18 to 21 years), presented higher levels of plasticity in CO2 assimilation (greater variability among individuals, plots, and seasons), presented the highest CO2 assimilation rates, and presented greater drought resistance (higher water potentials and capacitance). Conversely, Psidium sartorianum had greater abundance in older plots (more than 50 years of secondary succession), lower assimilation rates, and low levels of plasticity in CO2 assimilation. Bunchosia had intermediate values. Locally, the degree of mycorrhizal colonization was consistent with abundance across plots. Regionally (but not locally), plasticity in CO2 assimilation was consistent with abundance. We found differences in microclimates among plots and within plots among species. Physiological adjustments appeared to play an important role in the capacity to regenerate and in the successional persistence of these species in this tropical dry forest
Relationship between alcoholism addiction and periodontitis. An in vivo study using drinking-in-darkness protocol in rats.
Periodontal disease (PD) has been considered a probable risk factor for several systemic diseases. Among them, PD is presumed to be one of the possible etiologies of chronic illness of the central nervous system. In this context, poor oral health and PD is associated with substance abuse in humans. However, if periodontal lesions can produce addiction is unknown. This paper aims to evaluate the possibility that chronic periodontal injury (CPL) can cause ethanol binge intake in drink-in-darkness (DID) protocol in rats. In CPL group (n=10) experimental damage was done to the periodontal tissue of the second maxillary molar, the control group (n=9) received sham injury. Forty-three days after CPL the intake of ethanol was assessed using several concentrations in DID experiment. During the DID experiment, we observed significant differences between the binge-type consumption of ethanol at the lowest concentration of 10% (p=0.01). Differences in consumption of 20% ethanol are observed during a few days (p=0.04), and there are no differences in consumption at 40% concentration of ethanol (p=0.2). It is concluded that chronic periodontal lesion leads to alcoholism in Wistar rats
Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study
Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations. Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter. Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors, namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child populationThis research was funded by Instituto Puleva de Nutrición (IPN)S
Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study
Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs
and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy
dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to
examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of
toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric
population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk
is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations.
Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study
cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort
included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula,
toddler’s milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about
sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter.
Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups
and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm.
Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary
pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant
dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits
and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors,
namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with
the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that
could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child population
COYUNTURA ECONÓMICA, año 2, núm. 4, septiembre-diciembre 2020
El paquete económico del Gobierno federal, además de ser relevante porque
nos indica la manera en que se recaudarán los recursos para 2021, lo es también
por las señales que da, a través del gasto, sobre su visión de los programas
e instituciones que concibe como importantes. Aunque se debe señalar
que este documento con frecuencia no se respeta a la hora de ejercer el gasto,
ya que hay varias etapas en las que se hacen ajustes ante diferencias entre
la realidad y lo planeado, o también porque el Gobierno, de manera un
tanto arbitraria, considera indispensable cambiar algunos de estos montos.
Al analizar el desempeño del Gobierno en este rubro, importa mucho la eficacia
y eficiencia con las que recauda y gasta, ya que esto puede modificar los márgenes
de maniobra en su gasto. En este año en particular, algo que debemos tomar
en cuenta al analizar el paquete económico es que, debido a la crisis por covid-19,
la economía mexicana dejó de crecer en 8.5%. Esta caída vino acompañada por
una baja en el número de empresas y establecimientos que operan en México
de cerca de 400 000, según datos del Inegi, lo cual se estima que impactará en la
recaudación de este año de manera negativa en -14 porciento
Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy and Food Sources of Total Fat and Fatty Acids, and Relationships with Personal and Family Factors in Spanish Children Aged One to <10 Years: Results of the EsNuPI Study
We aimed to determine the usual intake of total fat, fatty acids (FAs), and their main food
sources in a representative cohort of the Spanish pediatric population aged 1 to <10 years (n = 707)
who consumed all types of milk and an age-matched cohort who consumed adapted milk over the last
year (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing-up milk, and fortified and enriched milks)
(n = 741) who were participants in the EsNuPI study (in English, Nutritional Study in the Spanish
Pediatric Population). Dietary intake, measured through two 24 h dietary recalls, was compared to
the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO) recommendations. Both cohorts showed a high intake of saturated fatty acids
(SFAs), according to FAO recommendations, as there are no numerical recommendations for SFAs at
EFSA. Also, low intake of essential fatty acids (EFAs; linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA))
and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) of the n-3 series, mainly docosahexaenoic
acid (DHA) were observed according to EFSA and FAO recommendations. The three main sources of
total fat and different FAs were milk and dairy products, oils and fats, and meat and meat products.
The consumption of adapted milk was one of the main factors associated with better adherence to
the nutritional recommendations of total fat, SFAs, EFAs, PUFAs; and resulted as the main factor
associated with better adherence to n-3 fatty acids intake recommendations. Knowledge of the dietary
intake and food sources of total fat and FAs in children could help in designing and promoting
effective and practical age-targeted guidelines to promote the consumption of EFA- and n-3 PUFA-rich
foods in this stage of life
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