El design thinking para la innovación en el emprendimiento textil Buma reflex 2018-2019

Analizar el Design Thinking como metodología de Innovación para mejorar la imagen de producto del emprendimiento textil Buma ReflexEsta investigación aborda el papel que tiene la innovación en el emprendimiento del sector textil, tomando como caso de estudio la iniciativa Buma Reflex y de manera general otros casos de similares características. El concepto de Innovación ha estado siempre presente en el desarrollo de las sociedades, en algunas ocasiones se tiene la percepción que solo se enfoca en el campo tecnológico y vanguardista, pero la innovación “depende sobre todo del espíritu imaginativo de personas y equipos, y de la actitud creativa, renovada y constante de la gente.” (Franc Ponti, 2008, p. 17). Lederman considera que “Los emprendedores de éxito son individuos que transforman ideas en iniciativas rentables” (Daniel Lederman, 2014, p. 8). Para este fin, existen diversas metodologías que enfocan sus resultados hacia la innovación, el Design Thinking es una de ellas, es una metodología multidisciplinar que busca soluciones centradas en las personas mediante la observación directa de las preferencias y necesidades de las mismas. Los resultados de este estudio revelan que en los emprendimientos participantes de la feria de diseño “La Carishina” de la ciudad de Quito del año 2016 - 2017 existen productos que se han desarrollado con características innovadoras, ya sea en su función, uso de materiales, empaque o diseño gráfico. En base a los resultados obtenidos se aborda la investigación al emprendimiento caso de estudio, dando como resultado que existió un desarrollo empírico y experimental por parte de los fundadores de la iniciativa, este desarrollo reveló que estuvo alineado a ciertos procesos de la metodología Design Thinking.Licenciatur

Comportamiento de los suelos para la confección de adobes

The constant demand in Chile for adobe construction, specially in those areas far away from industrialized urban centers, makes it necessary to put up to date the actual recommendations for building with this material. That is the consequence of the experience of some builders who, in the past, have succeded in using it. Therefore a standard is necessary to establish the proper proceeding to build safely with adobe taking advantage of its qualities, the use of adhitives and obviously to describe the procedure for desing and calculation of structures with an empirical support. Our first step on that direction has been our experimentation in RlLEM samples with the respond of the dry soil mortar when changing the values of clay, mud, sand and water in the mix. The results of this study may be resumed in the following four basic recommendations: 1. The use of floors with a mud/clay ratio near to one and a sum between 35/45 % of the total. 2. The sand content of the soil should be between 55/65 %. 3. The optimum amount of water for the mix depend on the composition of the land and on the technology used. In our case, such an optimum is placed in the liquid limit, plus one third of the plasticity rate of the soil. We must point out the great importance of this factor in all the different combinations performed in our study. It would be a great advantage to be able to control it, however, at a kandiwork level, it has not been possible. 4. In order that the dried will reach satisfactory and uniform mechanical characteristics, it is necessary that: i) The soil should be macerate in a saturated state from 48 to 72 hours. ii) Before filling the moulds it is necessary to proceed to a complete mix of the mass in order to prevent that the slides of clay might be ordered according to electrical atractions.La constante demanda en Chile por construir en adobe, especialmente en aquellas zonas alejadas de los centros urbanos industrializados, hace que sea preciso reemplazar las recomendaciones existentes para la construcción con este material, producto casi exclusivo de la experiencia de algunos constructores que en el pasado han tenido éxito al trabajar con él, por una norma, que no sólo límite, sino que más que eso, establezca pautas que permitan construir en adobe con la seguridad necesaria, aprovechando las cualidades inherentes del mismo, el empleo de aditivos y naturalmente proponga pautas para el diseño y cálculo de sus estructuras con un respaldo empírico adecuado. Dando un primer paso al respecto, es que hemos experimentado, en probetas RILEM, el comportamiento de algunas de las respuestas del mortero de barro seco, al variar factores como son la arcilla, el limo, la arena y la cantidad de agua de amasado. Los resultados de este estudio, pueden resumirse en las siguientes cuatro recomendaciones básicas: 1. Emplear suelos con razón limo-arcilla cercano a uno y la sumatoria entre 35 y 45% del total. 2. El contenido de arena del suelo debe encontrarse entre un 55% y un 65%. 3. La cantidad óptima para el agua de amasado depende de las propiedades mismas del suelo y de la tecnología empleada. En nuestro caso, dicho óptimo se encuentra en el límite líquido, más un tercio del índice de plasticidad de los suelos. Cabe hacer notar el alto nivel de significación de este factor en todas las variables estudiadas y sería de gran ventaja poder controlar su contenido, sin embargo, a niveles artesanales; esto no ha sido posible. 4. Para que el barro una vez seco, alcance características mecánicas satisfactorias y uniformes, es preciso que: i) Se proceda al macerado del suelo en estado saturado de 48 a 72 horas. i i) Antes del llenado de los moldes, proceder a un intenso amasado de la pasta, para así evitar que las láminas de arcilla se ordenen según atracciones eléctricas

Análisis De Los Fundamentos Básicos Técnicos Del Baloncesto En El Rendimiento Deportivo De Los Estudiantes Categoría Intermedia Del Distrito Chambo - Riobamba

This research was carried out on student’s athletes of Circuito Educativo 06D01C02 Riobamba-Chambo, in Chimborazo province district. The main objective of this study is to know the basic technical fundamentals of basketball in the performance of students of the intermediate category. This however would be used to determine specifically the basics technical basis. It would also help to define the level of the basic technical fundamentals in order to make a proposal. The elaboration of a training plan is aimed at developing the technical basis for the intermediate category. Within the methodology, it is a quantitative and qualitative research. This is a field research because it will run in the scene where practical assessments will be applied to each one of the students. Additionally, it will be a documentary bibliographical mode. It will be exploratory and correlational, and would take into account the population and sample which comprises of 6 coaches, 10 monitors, and 75 students of the category. The sample was under direct observation technique. As an instrument, the survey and a closed questionnaire was applied. Later on, the processing and tabulation alternative hypothesis was accepted. It was expressed as conclusions that the basic technical foundations in this category are determined by the work of dribbling, shooting ring tray, chest pass, and defense as predominant elements. It appears that the level of the basic technical fundamentals on student is regular, which is due to inadequate training and poor methods in the teaching process

Effects of Supplementation with Microminerals on Production Indicators and Blood, Feces, and Urine Traces of Grazing Alpaca (Lama lama)

To analyze the effect of additional microminerals in the diet supplement on weight and diameter of alpaca fiber, the application of three doses of selenium and zinc (0.0; 1.0; and 1.5 cc) on the diet, on CRD factorial arrangement (3 x 2) + (3 x 2), was assessed. The results showed statistically significant differencences for treatments: selenium doses, ages, zinc doses, and for zinc interaction by ages (Se1E2 with 74.33 kg at 90 days, for height at the withers, Zn1E2, averaging 91.33 cm). Fiber length for treatments Se1E1 and Se1E2 averaged 3 cm. For fiber diameter, treatments 1 (Se0E1) and Se1E1, group 1, and treatments Zn0E2 and Zn1E1, group 2, showed the best fiber quality (P < 0.05), averaging 28 microns. Live weight and fiber quality from mature animals based on supplementation with Se and Zn had beneficial effects, which improved phenotypical features of production, like live weight, though residues were found in 3-5 year old animals

Supplementation with Norgold Concentrate + Molasses-Urea at 3% to Grazing Zebu Bovines During the Growing or Fattening Stages in the Dry Season

To determine the production potential of grazing Zebu bovines, using Norgold concentrate + molassesurea at 3% during the growing and fattening stages, 60 young bulls with similar weights and breed characteristics were used. Four experimental groups were made, which grazed for 9h daily, on marvel grass (Dichantium annulatum) + bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) average quality, 3kg of Pennisetum Cuba CT - 115; 1.0; 1.5; and 2.0 kg of Norgold concentrate for groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively, along with mineral salt and water ad libitum. Initial and final live weight, absolute weight, mean daily gain, and consumption were determined. Cost/benefit was also estimated. The animals in treatment 4 reached 401 kg of live weight (47.43% of their weight in comparison to initial live weight at 180 days); the average daily gain and conversion were 716.66 g and 10.37 kg of feed/kg of live weight, respectively. It was concluded that the treatment including 12.0 and 1.5 kg of Norgold concentrate, respectively, had mean daily gains and feed conversion (P < 0,05) higher than the traditional systems based on molassesurea, and other byproducts. The meat production achieved showed a positive cost/benefit ratio, which means that the system is feasible, productive and cost-effective

Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú in Association with Graminaceae in Dryland Conditions for Final Bovine Fattening Stage

To evaluate the factors that affect efficiency in a Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú association, with pastures for bovine fattening, 22 Zebu fattening cycles were studied on a farm of the Rectangulo Livestock Company, in Camagüey, Cuba, between 2002 and 2012. The local soil is brown without carbonates. The climate is tropical humid, and the annual precipitation average is 1 183mm. The factors evaluated were food balance, duration of the fattening cycle, and quantity of animals/cycle. The daily weight gain and expenses/income per operation were also analyzed. The pasture and Leucaena percentages were determined by plant counts. Food balances were estimated. The final value of the population of Leucaena cv Perú was 93% (P <0.05), with an increase in common Bermuda grass and other pastures. Short duration tests showed much higher gains (P <0.05), with values above 1.0 kg/animal/day. The number of animal/cycle (P <0.05) produced higher gains with fewer animals. Forest-grazing in association with Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú-graminaceae under dryland conditions produced mean daily gains above 0.800 kg/animal/day in the final stage of fattening bulls, based on food balances with adequate biological and economic results. The best behavior was observed in the shortest cycles, where the highest final weight/animal values were achieved, with fewer expenses and higher income

Bio-economic Impact of Strategic Changes in Murrah River Buffalo Management

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of changes in the strategy to manage the bio-economic efficiency of a Murrah Buffalo production system in the province of Camagüey, Cuba, located 21º north and 77º west, 217 meters above sea level. The climate is tropical humid (Aw) of plains. The mean annual precipitations were 1 180 mm (71% between May and October), the temperatures were between 24 and 29 °C. The soil is brown, without carbonates, and brown-red fersiallitic. The system comprises 5 100 ha and has 536 workers/year. A strategy to introduce management changes in agro-technical, food, reproductive, replacement, health, salary policy, and training was implemented as part of an innovation package with a systemic and participatory approach. The evaluation lasted eight years, and it was critical to increase dairy production in more than 200 000 kg/year in 2012, in comparison to 2004, with improvements in natality and reduction of operational expenses of the system. It was concluded that the strategy had a determining effect on the system's indicators

Effects of Milled Maize Stalks on the Productive Response of Grazing Dairy Cows.

The productive response of grazing dairy cows was evaluated, using milled corn stalks in the diet. The study was developed in two different settings, in Ecuador (Costa and Sierra regions). On the coast farm (29.1 ha), cows grazed on Bermuda grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) and Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) with several types of legumes (Lysicarpus, Centrosema, Desmodium, Galactia), supplemented with corn stalks cv. INIAP 125. The animals received 0.46 kg beginning at 3 kg, and milled maize stalks in 30 and 28-day periods, respectively (M-30 and M-28), and control without stalks for 36 days (M-0). The farm in the other region (14.2 ha) had 23 cows grazing on Kikuyo grass (P. clandestinum) and ryegrass-white clover (L. perenne and whole maize stalks and T. (60-70% ripe grain), at a rate of 18 kg green/cow/day for 48 days; and balanced supplement, at a rate of 0.5 kg/ milk liter, after the fourth kilogram, along with minerals. In both cases the forage had effects (P < 0.05) on cow response. In the Sierra area, the increase was 1.68 kg/cow, and in the coast, it was 1.1 and 2.5 kg/cow). Maize stalks served as a nutritional complement for poorly consumed grass areas in both regions; milk production/animal was increased, and the costs were reduced

Fodder, Nitrogen, and Energy Balances in Grasslands with Algarroba Trees (Prosopis juliflora (S.W.) DC.) under Dairy Cow Grazing

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of algarroba (Prosopis juliflora (S.W.) DC.) on fodder, nitrogen and energy contents in Ecuadoran dairy farm grasslands. The study was made at ESPAM bovine facility, 15 meters above sea level, in Manabí, 00º49’23’’, south latitude, and 80º11’01” west longitude, with 962.4 mm of annual precipitation, between September 2011 and December 2014. The stocking rate was 1.09 LU/ha. The areas were populated with 1-4 algarroba trees/ha by 2011, and 8-35 trees/ha, in 2014. Fodder, nitrogen, and energy balances depended on the arborization degree. As a result, 52 t of DM were estimated in 2014, in comparison to the 21 t produced in 2011. Nitrogen was higher with increased arborization between 2011 (60.9 kg/ha), greater nutrient intake from external sources, and 2014 (39.3 kg/ha), with less use of supplements and mineral fertilizers, and greater N2 contribution by arborization. The energy values were higher in 2014, with an increase in algarroba population/ha. The rise in trees/ha in 2014 favored forage yields, with improved N2 and energy efficiency, which was linked to the benefits acquired by the grassland, the contribution of nitrogen to the ecosystem, and the reduction in feed and fertilizer consumption, which led to energy savings

Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú asociada con gramíneas en secano para ceba final bovina

To evaluate the factors that affect efficiency in a Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú association with pastures for bovine fattening, 22 Zebu fattening cycles were studied on a farm of the Rectángulo Livestock Company, in Camagüey, Cuba, between 2002 and 2012. The local soil is brown without carbonates. The climate is tropical humid, and annual precipitation averages 1 183 mm . The factors evaluated were, food balance, duration of the fattening cycle, and quantity of animals/cycle. The daily weight gain and expenses/income per operation were also analyzed. The pasture and Leucaena percents were determined by plant counts. Food balances were made. Leucaena cv Perú reached final values of 93 % (P < 0.05) with an increase in common Bermuda grass and others. Short duration tests showed much higher gains (P < 0.05), with values above 1.0 kg/animal/day. The number of animal/cycle (P < 0.05) produced higher gains with fewer animals. Forest grazing in association with Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú-graminaeae in drylands produced mean daily gains above 0.800 kg/animal/day in the final stage of fattening bulls, according to food balances with adequate biological and economic results, and the best behavior in the shortest cycles, where the highest final weight/animal values were achieved, with fewer expenses and higher income.Con el objetivo de evaluar factores que afectan la eficiencia en una asociación de Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú con pastos para ceba final de bovinos, se analizaron desde el 2002 al 2012, 22 ciclos de ceba de toros Cebú en una finca de la Empresa Pecuaria Rectángulo de ceba en Camagüey, Cuba. El suelo es Pardo sin Carbonatos. El clima es tropical húmedo (Aw) y precipitación anual de 1 183 mm . Los factores evaluados fueron: balance alimentario, duración de ciclo de ceba y cantidad de animales/ciclo. Se analizaron índices de ganancia diaria de peso, gastos e ingresos por operación. Se determinaron los por cientos de pastos y Leucaena por conteo de plantas. Se realizaron balances alimentarios. Leucaena cv Perú alcanzó valores finales del 93 % (P < 0,05) en su población, con incremento de Guinea común y otros pastos. Las pruebas de corta duración logran ganancias muy superiores (P < 0,05) con valores por encima de 1,0 kg/animal/día. El número de animales/ciclo afectó (P < 0,05) por mayores ganancias con menos animales. La tecnología de silvopastoreo con asociación de Leucaena leucocephala cv Perú-gramíneas en secano, permitió obtener ganancias medias diarias por encima de 0,800 kg/animal/día en toros de ceba final evaluadas por balances alimentarios con resultados biológicos y económicos muy adecuados y el mejor comportamiento para los ciclos más cortos, donde se obtuvieron los mayores pesos finales/animal, con menos gastos por suplementos y mayores ingresos