Picnodisostosis y fragilidad ósea: caso clínico

Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente varón de 21 años afecto de picnodisostosis y con antecedentes de fracturas diafisarias de ambas tibias y hueso parietal en la infancia, y fractura diafisaria de fémur derecho a los 15 años de edad. Actualmente en seguimiento por nuestro Servicio por pseudoartrosis de fractura de base de 5º metatarsiano de pie izquierdo que no obtuvo consolidación con métodos ortopédicos. Se presenta el caso clínico y realiza una revisión de esta rara enfermedad que asocia a un morfotipo característico con un incremento en la fragilidad ósea.We present a clinic case of a male patient 21 years old affected of pycnodisostosis who had suffered in the childhood fractures in both tibias and parietal bone, and a diaphysis fracture of his right femur at 15 years old. Nowadays, he is in treatment in our traumatologic department because of a fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsus of his left foot complicated with pseudoarthrosis that had not achieved union with orthopaedic methods. This clinic case is presented and a review of this rare disease that associates a characteristic appearance with an increase of bone fragility is made

El codo flotante en el niño: opciones terapéuticas y complicaciones

La fractura simultánea ipsilateral del húmero y de uno o ambos huesos del antebrazo, llamada también "codo flotante", es una entidad poco frecuente, siendo escasa la literatura al respecto. En este artículo se describe nuestra experiencia con este tipo de lesiones en el paciente pediátrico, así como sus complicaciones asociadas y las distintas opciones de tratamiento. El tratamiento del codo flotante es actualmente controvertido en cuanto a su indicación y la técnica quirúrgica a emplear. También existe controversia con respecto a la mayor incidencia de complicaciones en este tipo de lesiones.Simultaneous ipsilateral fracture of the humerus and one or both bones of the forearm, also called "floating elbow" is a rare entity, with little literature. This article describes our experience with this type of injury in the pediatric patient and their associated complications and treatment options. The floating elbow treatment is currently controversial in terms of indications and surgical technique to use. There is also controversy over the increased incidence of complications in this type of injury

Long term variations measurement of electromagnetic field exposures in Alcalá de Henares (Spain)

Electromagnetic radiowave exposure is a major concern in most countries due to possible adverse health effects. Over the last 10 years, many technological changes (digital television, mobile technologies, wireless networks…) have led to variations in the electromagnetic field (EMF) levels. A large number of studies devoted to the analysis of EMF levels with personal dosimeters or computer models of the exposure of mobile stations have been conducted. However, the study of the exposure values, taking into account all the existing sources, and their evolution in a wide area, using measurements, has rarely been performed. In this paper, we provide a comparison of the EMF exposure levels for the city of Alcalá de Henares (Spain) over a ten-year period using a broadband isotropic probe in the range from 100 kHz to 3 GHz. A statistical and spatial analysis of the measurements and their variations are also presented for the study of the global and local variations. The measured values in the period from 2006 to 2015 were ranging from 0.02 to 2.05 V/m. Our global results show a moderate increase from 2006 to 2010 and they are almost invariant from 2010 to 2015. Although the whole dataset does not have relevant statistical difference, we have found marked local differences. In the city areas where the population density has remained unaltered, we have measured lower exposure levels. Conversely, new urban and industrial developments have demanded new resources, which have potentially contributed to the observed increase in the measured electric field levels within these areas

Control de la presión de un sistema móvil de pulverización

This paper presents an automatic control system aimed at regulating the output pressure of a spraying system mounted on a mobile platform for fumigation tasks in spite of changes in the vehicle velocity; that is, the pressure set points are calculated based on the actual velocity of the vehicle at each sampling time and are then used in a feedback loop for pressure control purposes. The paper focuses on the dynamic modelling of the spraying system based on the reaction curve method (analysis of the response to open loop steps) and the development and test of several control strategies to achieve the desired pressure profile. One of these approaches, the gain scheduling controller, has demonstrated its ability to cope with the changing dynamics of the system by modifying (adapting) the controller parameters in different operating conditions.Se ha desarrollado un sistema de control automático para regular la presión de salida de un sistema de fumigación instalado sobre una plataforma móvil en función de cambios en la velocidad del vehículo; esto es, las consignas de presión se calculan en función de la velocidad del vehículo en cada instante y se utilizan en un lazo de control por realimentación. El trabajo se centró en el modelado del sistema de fumigación utilizando el método de la curva de reacción (análisis de la respuesta a escalones en bucle abierto) y en el estudio y ensayo de diferentes estrategias de control. Entre éstas destaca la estrategia de control con ajuste por tabla, que permite modificar o adaptar los parámetros del controlador en función de los cambios en la dinámica del proceso que tienen lugar cuando se cambia de punto de operación

Pressure control of a mobile spraying system

Se ha desarrollado un sistema de control automático para regular la presión de salida de un sistema de fumigación instalado sobre una plataforma móvil en función de cambios en la velocidad del vehículo; esto es, las consignas de presión se calculan en función de la velocidad del vehículo en cada instante y se utilizan en un lazo de control por realimentación. El trabajo se centró en el modelado del sistema de fumigación utilizando el método de la curva de reacción (análisis de la respuesta a escalones en bucle abierto) y en el estudio y ensayo de diferentes estrategias de control. Entre éstas destaca la estrategia de control con ajuste por tabla, que permite modificar o adaptar los parámetros del controlador en función de los cambios en la dinámica del proceso que tienen lugar cuando se cambia de punto de operació

The BIOINFOMED study: towards the synergy between research in medical informatics and bioinformatics

As human genes are progressively unravelled, there will be a transition from a genomic to a post-genomic era. The post-genomic era will bring with it new tools, diagnosis and therapeutics, an effect that has already begun. It is now difficult to predict the medical alterations that a single gene or protein mutation can produce and, therefore, how to translate genetic discoveries into new clinical procedures. It has become clear that genes interact with many other genes. Thus, only combined studies of gene interactions in humans and other animals and large epidemiological studies from many different populations can discover the complex pathways of genetic diseases. In such a postgenomic era, it is presumed that it will be easier to determine the risks of some specific populations suffering from given diseases. Thus, personalised prevention and therapeutics could be established, with patient-designed pharmaceuticals or diet (Housman D. 1998). The use of genetic data will soon be incorporated into routine clinical practice. For instance, data located at private and public databases, such as OMIM, a database that contains over 12000genes associated with diseases. These data can be obtained at different remote locations and stored and accessed over the WWW. New methods and tools are needed to gather and analyze data from heterogeneous sources (Billhardt, 2001). Once this information has been selected, it could be effectively applied in clinical practice, establishing a new fíeld called "genomic medicine". In this area, applications such as computerised "genetic" patient records, decision aids or data visualization programs will be needed to enhance information and knowledge management for physicians in this new environment