1,162 research outputs found
Using IDI Guided Development to Increase Intercultural Competence
The qualitative case study examined Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) pre-post test data and responses from a sample of preservice teachers. The study focused on the effect of the process of administering IDI Guided Development to increase the intercultural competence of preservice teachers.
The study was based on the conceptual framework of the Intercultural Development Continuum (IDC), adapted from the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity originally proposed by Dr. Milton Bennett. In addition, intercultural competence models, theories, practices, and strategies were examined, including Deardorffâs Developing and Assessing Intercultural Competence Models, Kolbâs Experiential Learning Theory, Mezirowâs Transformative Learning Theory, Lodenâs Dimensions of Diversity Wheel, and Weiglâs Cultural Self-Study.
The findings of the study revealed how effective IDI Guided Development, a comprehensive five-step developmental process, combined with individualized coaching guidance by an IDI Qualified Administrator, produced impressive increases in intercultural competence development.
Drawing on many educational theories and models, the study results demonstrated the importance of using a combination of a high-quality assessment tool, a transformative experiential learning process for change, measurable goals and outcomes, and a coach to facilitate the development of intercultural competence
Laboratory Evaluation of Black Carbon Deposition onto Snow and Transport via Snowmelt
Black carbon (BC) is an aerosol material produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. BC has been shown to be the second most important anthropogenic climate warming agent after carbon dioxide due to its ability to absorb solar radiation, influence cloud behavior, and accelerate snow melt. BC in otherwise clean snow can significantly reduce its reflectivity. In order to learn about the significance of BC contamination in snow, we explored the deposition of BC onto snow and the transport of BC in snow during snowmelt. A Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2), was used to measure the concentration and size distribution of BC in an airstream drawn through snow to determine the rate at which the snow trapped BC. BC concentration in meltwater was measured to determine if the BC was left in the snow or was removed during melting. SP2 testing showed a significant drop in BC aerosol concentration after contact with the snow. This implies that naturally occurring snow is a highly efficient absorber of BC from the atmosphere. Meltwater samples had a lower BC concentration than the snow, suggesting that the majority of the BC is left behind in snow during partial melting. This accumulation of BC could potentially cause a positive feedback to the rate of snowmelt. Better understanding the behavior of BC in snow will help scientists describe the impact of BC on climate and help policymakers predict the benefits of reducing BC emissions
Investigative Methods for the Science Teacher
The basis for this research project was the idea: Why tell or lecture students about an idea or fact when, if given the appropriate information, they would be able to figure it out for themselves? This does not mean that we hand the students a text and tell them to learn about the subject on their own, nor is this investigative approach to be used all the time. Because of the different levels of reasoning needed for various topics, one cannot expect a student to deduce the composition of an atom as easily as he can deduce the composition of granite. Some topics have more meaning if they are explained. Others, however, are more meaningful if the student discovers them. The topic of this research was to experiment and find ways in which to make certain topics investigative
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Observations of planetary heating since the 1980s from multiple independent datasets
Time series of global mean surface temperature are widely used to measure the rate of climate change that results from Earth's energy imbalance. However, studies based on climate model simulations suggest that on annual-to-decadal timescales global ocean heat content is a more reliable indicator. Here we examine the observational evidence for this, drawing together multiple datasets that span the past ~30 years. This observational analysis strongly supports the model-based finding that global ocean heat content and sea level are more reliable than surface temperature for monitoring Earth's energy accumulation on these timescales. Global ocean temperature anomalies in the 0â100 m and 100â250 m layers are negatively correlated (r = â0.36), primarily explained by the influence of the Tropical Pacific, and a clearer heating signal is revealed by integrating over deeper ocean layers. The striking agreement between multiple independent datasets represents unequivocal evidence of ongoing planetary heating
Theory of optical spectra of polar quantum wells: Temperature effects
Theoretical and numerical calculations of the optical absorption spectra of
excitons interacting with longitudinal-optical phonons in quasi-2D polar
semiconductors are presented. In II-VI semiconductor quantum wells, exciton
binding energy can be tuned on- and off-resonance with the longitudinal-optical
phonon energy by varying the quantum well width. A comprehensive picture of
this tunning effect on the temperature-dependent exciton absorption spectrum is
derived, using the exciton Green's function formalism at finite temperature.
The effective exciton-phonon interaction is included in the Bethe-Salpeter
equation. Numerical results are illustrated for ZnSe-based quantum wells. At
low temperatures, both a single exciton peak as well as a continuum resonance
state are found in the optical absorption spectra. By contrast, at high enough
temperatures, a splitting of the exciton line due to the real phonon absorption
processes is predicted. Possible previous experimental observations of this
splitting are discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B. Permanent address:
[email protected]
Polyethylene imine-based receptor immobilization for label free bioassays
Polyethylene imine (PEI) based immobilization of antibodies is described and the concept is proved on the
label free assay of C-Reactive Protein (CRP). This novel immobilization method is composed of a hyperbranched
PEI layer which was deposited at a high pH (9.5) on the sensor surface. The free amino groups
of PEI were derivatized with neutravidin by Biotin N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and the biotinylated
anti-CRP antibody immobilized on this layer. Direct binding assay of recombinant CRP was successfully
performed in the low ÎŒg/ml concentrations using a label free optical waveguide biosensor
Skilful seasonal predictions of Summer European rainfal
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from American Geophysical Union (AGU) via the DOI in this record.Year-to-year variability in Northern European summer rainfall has profound societal and economic impacts; however current seasonal forecast systems show no significant forecast skill. Here we show skilful predictions are possible (r~0.5, p80 members) are required for skilful predictions. This work is promising for the development of European summer rainfall climate services.This work was supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate
Programme (GA01101), the EU FP7 SPECS project. We acknowledge the E-OBS dataset
from the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES (http://ensembles-eu.metoffice.com) and the data
providers in the ECA&D project (http://www.ecad.eu). We also would like to thank Gerard
van der Schrier and Else Van Den Besselaar for kindly providing us the pre-release E-OBS
dataset version 'v16e' and further support. Model data used to create the figures are available
from the authors upon request for academic use
Fine structure of excitons in CuO
Three experimental observations on 1s-excitons in CuO are not consistent
with the picture of the exciton as a simple hydrogenic bound state: the
energies of the 1s-excitons deviate from the Rydberg formula, the total exciton
mass exceeds the sum of the electron and hole effective masses, and the
triplet-state excitons lie above the singlet. Incorporating the band structure
of the material, we calculate the corrections to this simple picture arising
from the fact that the exciton Bohr radius is comparable to the lattice
constant. By means of a self-consistent variational calculation of the total
exciton mass as well as the ground-state energy of the singlet and the
triplet-state excitons, we find excellent agreement with experiment.Comment: Revised abstract; 10 pages, revtex, 3 figures available from G.
Kavoulakis, Physics Department, University of Illinois, Urban
On the determination of the Fermi surface in high-Tc superconductors by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
We study the normal state electronic excitations probed by angle resolved
photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) in Bi2201 and Bi2212. Our main goal is to
establish explicit criteria for determining the Fermi surface from ARPES data
on strongly interacting systems where sharply defined quasiparticles do not
exist and the dispersion is very weak in parts of the Brillouin zone.
Additional complications arise from strong matrix element variations within the
zone. We present detailed results as a function of incident photon energy, and
show simple experimental tests to distinguish between an intensity drop due to
matrix element effects and spectral weight loss due to a Fermi crossing. We
reiterate the use of polarization selection rules in disentangling the effect
of umklapps due to the BiO superlattice in Bi2212. We conclude that, despite
all the complications, the Fermi surface can be determined unambiguously: it is
a single large hole barrel centered about (pi,pi) in both materials.Comment: Expanded discussion of symmetrization method in Section 5, figures
remain the sam
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