Les mémoires fleurissent dans les lieux ruinés : Le voyage dans le Nord d’Hayti ou les paradoxes de l’historiographie d’une jeune nation

L’auteur analyse une des premières oeuvres sur l’histoire de la révolution haïtienne, Voyage dans le Nord d’Hayti de Charles Hérard Dumesle, publiée en 1824. En la confrontant à la critique française de l’époque et à la situation sociale et politique en Haïti, cette analyse cherche à montrer les contraintes esthétiques et politiques qui ont inspiré à l’intellectuel haïtien une écriture polyphone. La juxtaposition de multiples traditions culturelles et philosophiques permet à Hérard Dumesle de mener un discours fragmenté qui correspond aux traces de la destruction, omniprésentes dans le pays. Ce livre de révolte contre les despotismes métropolitains et autochtones est resté enseveli sous les ouvrages de l’historiographie postérieure qui cherchait à s’adapter aux exigences du discours scientifique.The author analyses one of the first works on the history of the Haitian revolution, Voyage dans le Nord d’Hayti by Charles Hérard Dumesle, published in 1824. Through comparing it to the French critical traditions of the time, and to the social and political situation of Haiti, this analysis seeks to demonstrate the aesthetic and political constraints which inspired a polyphonic writing style for the Haitian intellectual. The juxtaposition of a multiplicity of cultural and philosophical traditions allowed Hérard Dumesle to create a fragmented text which corresponded to the omnipresent signs of destruction in the nation. The book, which rebels against both the metropolitan and indigenous despots, has remained buried beneath later works of historiography which sought to adapt themselves to the needs of a scientific discourse

Sediment Melts at Sub-arc Depths: an Experimental Study

The phase and melting relations in subducted pelites have been investigated experimentally at conditions relevant for slabs at sub-arc depths (T = 600-1050°C, P = 2·5-4·5 GPa). The fluid-present experiments produced a dominant paragenesis consisting of garnet-phengite-clinopyroxene-coesite-kyanite that coexists with a fluid phase at run conditions. Garnet contains detectable amounts of Na2O (up to 0·5 wt%), P2O5 (up to 0·56 wt%), and TiO2 (up to 0·9 wt%) in all experiments. Phengite is stable up to 1000°C at 4·5 GPa and is characterized by high TiO2 contents of up to 2 wt%. The solidus has been determined at 700°C, 2·5 GPa and is situated between 700 and 750°C at 3·5 GPa. At 800°C, 4·5 GPa glass was present in the experiments, indicating that at such conditions a hydrous melt is stable. In contrast, at 700°C, 3·5 and 4·5 GPa, a solute-rich, non-quenchable aqueous fluid was present. This indicates that the solidus is steeply sloping in P-T space. Fluid-present (vapour undersaturated) partial melting of the pelites occurs according to a generalized reaction phengite + omphacite + coesite + fluid = melt + garnet. The H2O content of the produced melt decreases with increasing temperature. The K2O content of the melt is buffered by phengite and increases with increasing temperature from 2·5 to 10 wt%, whereas Na2O decreases from 7 to 2·3 wt%. Hence, the melt compositions change from trondhjemitic to granitic with increasing temperature. The K2O/H2O increases strongly as a function of temperature and nature of the fluid phase. It is 0·0004-0·002 in the aqueous fluid, and then increases gradually from about 0·1 at 750-800°C to about 1 at 1000°C in the hydrous melt. This provides evidence that hydrous melts are needed for efficient extraction of K and other large ion lithophile elements from subducted sediments. Primitive subduction-related magmas typically have K2O/H2O of ∼0·1-0·4, indicating that hydrous melts rather than aqueous fluids are responsible for large ion lithophile element transfer in subduction zones and that top-slab temperatures at sub-arc depths are likely to be 700-900°

The importance of talc and chlorite "hybrid” rocks for volatile recycling through subduction zones; evidence from the high-pressure subduction mélange of New Caledonia

The transfer of fluid and trace elements from the slab to the mantle wedge cannot be adequately explained by simple models of slab devolatilization. The eclogite-facies mélange belt of northern New Caledonia represents previously subducted oceanic crust and contains a significant proportion of talc and chlorite schists associated with serpentinite. These rocks host large quantities of H2O and CO2 and may transport volatiles to deep levels in subduction zones. The bulk-rock and stable isotope compositions of talc and chlorite schist and serpentinite indicate that the serpentinite was formed by seawater alteration of oceanic lithosphere prior to subduction, whereas the talc and chlorite schists were formed by fluid-induced metasomatism of a mélange of mafic, ultramafic and metasedimentary rocks during subduction. In subduction zones, dehydration of talc and chlorite schists should occur at sub-arc depths and at significantly higher temperatures (∼ 800°C) than other lithologies (400-650°C). Fluids released under these conditions could carry high trace-element contents and may trigger partial melting of adjacent pelitic and mafic rocks, and hence may be vital for transferring volatile and trace elements to the source regions of arc magmas. In contrast, these hybrid rocks are unlikely to undergo significant decarbonation during subduction and so may be important for recycling carbon into the deep mantl

Emerging Role of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost in Modern Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer

Hypofractionated radiotherapy for breast cancer is becoming increasingly important. The scientific background of this development as well as the introduction of the simultaneous integrated boost to the primary tumor region in this context are discussed here

Über einen neuen Naeogeus aus Südfrankreich.

Nomenklatorische Handlungeneckerleini Jordan, 1954 (Naeogeus), spec. n.Nomenclatural Actseckerleini Jordan, 1954 (Naeogeus), spec. n

Empirical essays on tax planning and transfer pricing

This dissertation consists of three empirical studies contributing to the literature on tax planning and transfer pricing. The first study investigates the impact of U.S. state taxation on the geographical allocation of the intra-U.S. trademark ownership of large U.S. multinationals. The study documents that the U.S. State of Delaware has a leading position as a trademark holding location and that the major-ity of trademarks are registered there. Moreover, it contains an analysis of the effectiveness of group consolidation (combined reporting) and provides evidence that combined reporting signifi-cantly reduces the share of trademarks allocated to Delaware. Nevertheless, the identified effects indicate that Delaware-based trademark strategies have not been entirely abandoned. The second study examines the use of information technologies in a firm’s transfer pricing system. In particular, it investigates the role of firms’ information environment in mitigating the conflict of managerial and tax objectives in transfer pricing. The study provides empirical evi-dence that if firms facing conflicting objectives make intensive use of information technologies, they are more profitable, report lower effective tax rates, and face lower tax risk. The third study analyzes whether the strictness of transfer pricing regulations and their en-forcement affect intrafirm trade of U.S. multinational firms. In particular, the results suggest that stricter transfer pricing in a country decrease the tax rate sensitivity of bilateral U.S. intrafirm trade. Thus, the possibilities of U.S. multinationals to engage in transfer pricing related tax plan-ning schemes are effectively reduced

Nabis succini n. sp. Eine Nabide aus dem Bernstein Ostpreußens (Hemiptera Heteroptera).

Nomenklatorische Handlungensuccini Jordan, 1952 (Nabis), spec. n.Nomenclatural Actssuccini Jordan, 1952 (Nabis), spec. n

Die Biologie von Elasmucha grisea L. (Heteroptera: Acanthosomidae).

Der Verfasser schildert die Lebensweise der brutpflegetreibenden Wanze, Elasmucha grisea. L. Er gibt eingehende Angaben über die Kopulation, Eiablage und Verhalten der Larven. Unmittelbar nach dem Schlüpfen saugen die Junglarven die Bakterien auf, die mittels eines Beschmierorgans an die Außenseite der Eier gelangt sind. Neben dem Schutz, den Eier und Junglarven durch das Muttertier erfahren, bietet die Eiablage in engstehenden Gelegen und das Zusammendrängen der Larven die beste Gewähr der Versorgung mit Symbionten. Völlig unbekannt war bisher die Erzeugung von bestimmten Lauten, die vor der Kopulation vom Männchen ausgesendet werden und das Weibchen zur Kopulationsbereitschaft anregen. Die Laute haben eine Frequenz von 83 Hertz, liegen also für Insektentöne ungewöhnlich tief, nämlich 2-3 Oktaven unter dem Kammerton. Die Tonerzeugung geht von Bewegungen der Abdominalwandung des 1. und 2. Abdominalsegmentes aus. - Schließlich erörtert der Verfasser die systematische Stellung der bisherigen Unterfamilie Acanthosominae und begründet die Notwendigkeit, sie zur besonderen Familie Acanthosomidae zu erheben.The author describes the life habits of the bug Elasmucha grisea L. providing for succeeding generations. There are given details on copula, oviposition, and behaviour of larvae. It is shown, how the larvae are enabled to provide themselves with symbionts. The hitherto unknown phonation of the male before copulating is discussed and traced back to motions of the wall of the abdomen. Finally the author deals with the systematic position of the subfamily Acanthosominae stating the reasons of the necessitiy to give it family rank

De temperamentis, quatenus ad morbos gignendos conferunt : dissertatio inauguralis pathologica

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b1917675~S1*es

Use of Bovine Milk Concentrate Containing Antibody to Rotavirus to Treat Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Infants

The use of a concentrate containing milk immunoglobulins prepared from rotavirus-hyperimmunized cows (neutralization titer, 1:6,000 for a 10% solution) to treat infants hospitalized for acute rotavirus gastroenteritis resulted in a significant (P = .008) reduction in the duration of excretion of virus. Stool samples from treated infants showed the presence of bovine milk immunoglobulins in 47% of cases and of neutralizing activity in 43% (mean neutralization titer, 1:48); stool samples from control infants showed neutralizing activities in only 3% of cases (neutralization titers, <1:20). Immunoelectrophoresis of stool extracts revealed fragment A, a bovine analogue of F(ab′)2 or Fab, as the major product of in vitro and in vivo digestion of the immunoglobulins. Cessation of excretion of virus correlated with the appearance of neutralizing activities in 19 of 25 infants. Only concentrate-treated infants with high neutralizing activity in stools showed a statistically significant reduction in duration of excretion of virus; this duration in concentrate-treated infants with low neutralizing activity was comparable with control