Velocity-changing collisional effects in nonlinear atomic spectroscopy and photon echo decay in gases

A general theory of atomic dipole coherence under the influence of collisional phase changes, inelastic effects and optically active atom velocity changes, including those due to anisotropic interactions is presented. Velocity change effects are obtained in closed form. Line shapes appear as convolutions of standard pressure broadening contours with velocity-change contours. Width and shift parameters for the He-broadened Na D lines at 2 m bar pressure, 380 K are calculated, as are He-induced photon echo decay rates for these lines. Overall agreement with xperiment is reasonably good

Drug Management Reviews in District Drug Management Unit and General Hospital

Drug is one of the essential elements in healthcare that should be effectively and efficiently managed. Following the decentralization in 2001 in Indonesia, drug management has changed in district drug management units and also in District General Hospitals. Certainly this condition influences the sustainability of drug access in primary health care such as in Community Health Center and District General Hospital, especially in drug financing policy. A cross sectional descriptive study to obtain information on drug management in public healthcare in district had been carried out between July and December 2006 in 10 District Public Drug Management Units from 10 district health offices and 9 district general hospitals as samples. Data were collected by interviewing heads of Drug Section in District Health Offices and heads of Hospital Pharmacies using structured questionnaires and observing drug storage in District Drug Management Units, Community Health Centers, and Hospital Pharmacies. Results of the study show that drug planning in District Health Offices and General Hospitals did not meet the basic real need in some districts nor District Hospitals. The minimum health service standards had not been achieved yet. Furthermore, drug procurement, storage and recording as well as reporting was not good enough either, such as shown by the existence of expired drugs. Lead time for drug delivery to community health centers in some districts was longer than the average of lead time in the past 3 years

Infinite index extensions of local nets and defects

Subfactor theory provides a tool to analyze and construct extensions of Quantum Field Theories, once the latter are formulated as local nets of von Neumann algebras. We generalize some of the results of [LR95] to the case of extensions with infinite Jones index. This case naturally arises in physics, the canonical examples are given by global gauge theories with respect to a compact (non-finite) group of internal symmetries. Building on the works of Izumi, Longo, Popa [ILP98] and Fidaleo, Isola [FI99], we consider generalized Q-systems (of intertwiners) for a semidiscrete inclusion of properly infinite von Neumann algebras, which generalize ordinary Q-systems introduced by Longo [Lon94] to the infinite index case. We characterize inclusions which admit generalized Q-systems of intertwiners and define a braided product among the latter, hence we construct examples of QFTs with defects (phase boundaries) of infinite index, extending the family of boundaries in the grasp of [BKLR16].Comment: 50 page

Carcass and Non-carcass Components of Priangan and Javanese Fat-tailed Rams Slaughtered at Mature Live Weight

Twenty-three of indigenous Priangan and Javanese Fat-tailed (JFT) ram breeds were used to evaluate its carcass and non carcass components slaughtered at mature live weight. Five Priangan rams and six JFT rams were slaughtered at 32.5 kg of live weight while six other rams of each breeds were also slaughtered at 40 kg of live weight. Before the rams were slaughtered, they werefattened using pellet ration which was formulated according to NRC for fattening 10 kg of lamb, containing 73.3% TDN and 16% protein in dry matter bases. Feed and water were given ad libitum. Rams were slaughtered and dissected when they reached their assigned slaughter weight (32.5 and 40 kg). The results showed that both breeds had high percentage of carcass (53%-55%) with no significantly different between breeds (P > 0.05) either were slaughtered at 32.5 kg or 40 kg. However, carcass of Priangan rams had significantly more muscle, but less fat than Javanese Fat-tailed rams at mature live weight (P < 0.05). Non-carcass components were not significantly different between breeds (P > 0.05) except for head, tail and testes (P < 0.01) and liver (P < 0.05). The edible and inedible portion of non-carcass rangedfrom 30%-32% and 12%-15% of slaughter weight, respectively

Forebrain Origins of Glutamatergic Innervation to the Rat Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus: Differential Inputs to the Anterior Versus Posterior Subregions

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) regulates numerous homeostatic systems and functions largely under the influence of forebrain inputs. Glutamate is a major neurotransmitter in forebrain, and glutamate neurosignaling in the PVN is known to mediate many of its functions. Previous work showed that vesicular glutamate transporters (VGluTs; specific markers for glutamatergic neurons) are expressed in forebrain sites that project to the PVN; however, the extent of this presumed glutamatergic innervation to the PVN is not clear. In the present study retrograde FluoroGold (FG) labeling of PVN-projecting neurons was combined with in situ hybridization for VGluT1 and VGluT2 mRNAs to identify forebrain regions that provide glutamatergic innervation to the PVN and its immediate surround in rats, with special consideration for the sources to the anterior versus posterior PVN. VGluT1 mRNA colocalization with retrogradely labeled FG neurons was sparse. VGluT2 mRNA colocalization with FG neurons was most abundant in the ventromedial hypothalamus after anterior PVN FG injections, and in the lateral, posterior, dorsomedial, and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei after posterior PVN injections. Anterograde tract tracing combined with VGluT2 immunolabeling showed that 1) ventromedial nucleus-derived glutamatergic inputs occur in both the anterior and posterior PVN; 2) posterior nucleus-derived glutamatergic inputs occur predominantly in the posterior PVN; and 3) medial preoptic nucleus-derived inputs to the PVN are not glutamatergic, thereby corroborating the innervation pattern seen with retrograde tracing. The results suggest that PVN subregions are influenced by varying amounts and sources of forebrain glutamatergic regulation, consistent with functional differentiation of glutamate projections. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:1301–1319, 2011. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc

EBF1-deficient bone marrow stroma elicits persistent changes in HSC potential

Crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is essential for hematopoietic homeostasis and lineage output. Here, we investigate how transcriptional changes in bone marrow (BM) MSCs result in long-lasting effects on HSCs. Single-cell analysis of Cxcl12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells and PDGFRα+Sca1+ (PαS) cells revealed an extensive cellular heterogeneity but uniform expression of the transcription factor gene Ebf1. Conditional deletion of Ebf1 in these MSCs altered their cellular composition, chromatin structure and gene expression profiles, including the reduced expression of adhesion-related genes. Functionally, the stromal-specific Ebf1 inactivation results in impaired adhesion of HSCs, leading to reduced quiescence and diminished myeloid output. Most notably, HSCs residing in the Ebf1-deficient niche underwent changes in their cellular composition and chromatin structure that persist in serial transplantations. Thus, genetic alterations in the BM niche lead to long-term functional changes of HSCs

Sifat Optik Film Disperse Red-1 Yang Dibuat Dengan Metode Efa-pvd

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji efek permukaan substrat ITO dan medan listrik luar dalam mengatur orientasi molekul film DR-1; dan juga mengkaji sifat optik film DR-1 untuk aplikasi divais fotonik. Metode fabrikasi yang digunakan adalah metode EFA-PVD (Electric Field Assisted Physical Vapor Deposition,). Metode tersebut adalah modifikasi dari metodekonvensional PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) yang dilengkapi dengan penambahan medan listrik luar (E) dalam chamber. Film dibuat di atas permukaan substrat ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) dengan deposisi molekul-molekul DR-1 oleh variasi medan listrik luar. Film dianalisis dan dikarakterisasidengan menggunakan spektroskopi SEM, difraksi sinar-X, dan reflektometer. Hasil analisis pengukuran SEM, dan difraksi sinar-X memperlihatkan bahwa molekul-molekul DR-1 tersusun teratur (stacking) tegak lurus permukaan substrat, yang menunjukkan suatu indikasi efek permukaan (surfactant effect) substrat yang kuat dari ikatan hidrogen (hydrogen bonding) molekul DR-1 dengan substrat. Hasil pengukuran sifat optik menunjukkan bahwa dengan peningkatan medan listrik luar, terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi molekul-molekul DR-1 yang terdeposisi teratur paralel (stacking) tegak lurus permukaan substrat yang ditandai dengan peningkatan indeks bias film

INVESTIGATION OF DECODING FILLERS USED IN AN ENGLISH LEARNING TALK SHOW “ENGLISH WITH ALICE”

This research was conducted to analyze decoding fillers in English learning talk show. The researchers made two groups of non-native English speakers to investigate fillers, Group one with little or no abroad experienced speakers and Group two with long term abroad experienced speakers. The researchers used descriptive qualitative as a method that describes an objective situation or certain event based on facts that appear or should be followed by an attempt to draw general conclusion. The procedure is ethnographic research which is ethnographic by qualitative enable researchers to understand the data by the functions of language (words, phrase and sentence) by grouping words that have same functions into categories. The researchers would analyze and conclude the data to be studied. In this research the data to be reviewed is English with Alice which contain fillers. The researchers found one hundred sixty-eight fillers with the exclusion of filler used by the host and both of speakers. After analyzing the data, the researchers found that 2 groups (14 guests) in the talk show English with Alice used different functions of decoding fillers. The functions in Group one are mostly (a) to begin and close a discourse and (c) to hold the floor. Moreover, the functions in Group two are mostly (c) to hold the floor and (g) to express the response