Best Practices for the Use of Scholarly Impact Metrics for Medicine

Citation analysis and other bibliometric methods help justify your scholarly impact narrative by providing evidence of three characteristics of scholarship: scholarly output, scholarly impact, and the nature and development of scholarship over time or discipline. This guide provides research-based best practices specifically for biomedical researchers on the use of scholarly impact metrics and recommends strategies to enhance their scholarly identity

Infant feeding

The subject of infant feeding, in this country at least, does not seem to have received all the attention that the importance of the matter deserves. The figures on Infantile Death and Disease, and the extreme frequency with which gastro-intestinal disorders occur amongst infants, which on enquiry are found in the majority of cases to be brought on by improper food, are sufficient to justify some enquiry into the methods at present in vogue in feeding infants.I propose to consider the subject in the following manner:-The natural food is of course taken first with general conditions as to the times of nursing and the quantities taken.Failing the Mother's milk, the selection and control of a Wet Nurse is considered next, as being the best substitute. This leads to some of the reasons that make nursing impossible, and the method and times for weaning. Which brings us to Artificial feeding.The substitutes for Mother's milk that have been considered are:- Asses Milk. Goats milk. Ewes milk. Mares milk. Patent foods. & Cows milk.In considering the bearing that food has upon Infantile gastro-intestinal troubles, it is certain that errors in diet are responsible for the majority. Such are:- Dyspepsia, Gastro-enteritis, Diarrhoea and Constipation.The grave constitutional conditions due also largely to errors in diet are considered;- Anaemia, Atrophy, Rickets and Scurvy.It has seemed to me that the main lines upon which improvement should take place are:- 1) The greatest possible care in producing a milk supply of constant quality and Unquestionable purity. 2) The admixture of dilutants and scalding. 3) The dissemination of more accurate knowledge of the subject, amongst those responsible for the upbringing of children.I have tried the effect of administering a specially prepared cows milk, whose preparation is described, with very satisfactory results

In/Visibility in the Internet’s Third Age

Current research (see, for example, Cheong, Martin and Macfadyen, 2012) on patterns of global and intercultural new media penetration and use nevertheless reveal the thinness of earlier utopian hopes for a technologically mediated “global village.” Nevertheless, new media are transforming local, political and cultural landscapes. What has (and who have) been made newly in/visible by new media and technologies? Participants in this panel will present\ud and discuss aspects of their current research that shed light, in different ways, on questions of in/visibility in this, the Internet’s ‘Third Age’ (Wellman, 2011)

Cytolytic T Lymphocytes Specific for Tumors and Infected Cells from Mice with a Retrovirus-induced Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

LP-BM5 retrovirus complex-infected C57BL/6 mice develop immunodeficiency, somewhat analogous to AIDS, termed murine AIDS (MAIDS). After secondary stimulation with syngeneic B-cell lymphomas from LP-BM5-infected mice, C57BL/6 mice produced vigorous CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for MAIDS-associated tumors. An anti-LP-BM5 specificity was suggested because spleen and lymph node cells from LP-BM5-infected mice served as target cells in competition assays, and cells from LP-BM5, but not ecotropic, virus-infected mice functioned as secondary in vitro stimulators to generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes to MAIDS tumors

Quality Indicators for Journals of Medical Education Scholarship

This chart is a companion to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Annotated bibliography of journals for educational scholarship (Blanco & Love, 2016). The chart gives a quick reference to help guide selection of a journal in which to publish medical education research. Brief notes are given in this section regarding tools to validate current information and links are given in the References (some may only be available through your institution). Journal indexing and publisher policies change regularly, so authors should always verify copyright, archiving, indexing and journal rankings with the publisher. Contact your librarian for assistance with any of the tools listed

Using an Adapted Tool to Transform Medical School Faculty Evaluation of Open Access Journals and Lead to Wider Campus Acceptance of Open Access Publishing

Objective: To share how an adaptation of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Annotated bibliography of journals for educational scholarship is being transformed into a program to facilitate medical faculty assessment of open access (OA) journals, and is enabling librarians to lead open access evaluation for faculty on the main campus. Methods: A companion reference chart indicating MEDLINE indexing, journal impact quartile rankings, and open access and/or self-archiving policy was adapted from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Annotated bibliography of journals for educational scholarship and made freely available in April 2017. This chart has been downloaded from the institutional repository over 800 times. Scholarly communications leadership saw this format as an opportunity to overcome “predatory journal” anxiety that many faculty face when considering open access journals for publication. A pilot project with a medical school research team was developed to identify and supply open access journal quality criteria for journals relevant to the team’s research and publishing goals. After an initial proof-of-concept demonstration to the lab director, criteria and subject areas were refined, and a new journal reference chart prepared. Faculty will have a tool for both subscription and open access journal selection that is not only relevant to their research area but also sends a positive message about the potential of OA publication. Results: Outreach efforts to labs, centers and departments are ongoing and impact is measured by changes in the number of applications to the institution’s fund to subsidize OA author fees. Main campus subject librarians have formed a working group to tailor the process and format for their client groups. Conclusion: While every discipline has unique norms of publication, all faculty want common assurance about the quality and impact likelihood of the venue in which they publish. Librarians can lead faculty to data-driven decision-making by adapting and consolidating existing tools into easy-to-use reference sheets and transforming the OA landscape from predatory to inviting

Using an Adapted Tool to Transform Medical School Faculty Evaluation of Open Access Journals and Lead to Wider Campus Acceptance of Open Access Publishing

Objective: To share how an adaptation of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Annotated bibliography of journals for educational scholarship is being transformed into a program to facilitate medical faculty assessment of open access (OA) journals, and is enabling librarians to lead open access evaluation for faculty on the main campus. Methods: A companion reference chart indicating MEDLINE indexing, journal impact quartile rankings, and open access and/or self-archiving policy was adapted from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Annotated bibliography of journals for educational scholarship and made freely available in April 2017. This chart has been downloaded from the institutional repository over 800 times. Scholarly communications leadership saw this format as an opportunity to overcome “predatory journal” anxiety that many faculty face when considering open access journals for publication. A pilot project with a medical school research team was developed to identify and supply open access journal quality criteria for journals relevant to the team’s research and publishing goals. After an initial proof-of-concept demonstration to the lab director, criteria and subject areas were refined, and a new journal reference chart prepared. Faculty will have a tool for both subscription and open access journal selection that is not only relevant to their research area but also sends a positive message about the potential of OA publication. Results: Outreach efforts to labs, centers and departments are ongoing and impact is measured by changes in the number of applications to the institution’s fund to subsidize OA author fees. Main campus subject librarians have formed a working group to tailor the process and format for their client groups. Conclusion: While every discipline has unique norms of publication, all faculty want common assurance about the quality and impact likelihood of the venue in which they publish. Librarians can lead faculty to data-driven decision-making by adapting and consolidating existing tools into easy-to-use reference sheets and transforming the OA landscape from predatory to inviting

Beyond Site-Specific Criteria: Conservation of Migratory Birds and Their Habitats from a Network Perspective

Many populations of birds depend on networks of sites to survive. Sufficient connectivity that allows movement between the sites throughout the year is a critical requirement. We found that existing international frameworks and policies for identifying sites important for bird conservation focus more at the level of the individual site than on the site network and its connectivity. Only 21% of site criteria acknowledge the importance of movement networks for birds, and such network criteria were mostly (67%) qualitative. We suggest a three-step quantitative approach for informing conservation about the connectivity of bird movements (especially when migrating) from a network perspective, by reviewing current scientific knowledge. The first step is to construct a bird movement network by identifying sites frequently used by birds as ‘nodes’, and then define ‘edges’ from the probability of non-stop flight between each pair of nodes. The second step is to quantify network connectivity, i.e., the extent to which the site network facilitates bird movements. The last step is to assess the importance of each site from its contribution to network connectivity. This approach can serve as a tool for comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of the robustness of site networks during global change

Beyond Site-Specific Criteria: Conservation of Migratory Birds and Their Habitats from a Network Perspective

Many populations of birds depend on networks of sites to survive. Sufficient connectivity that allows movement between the sites throughout the year is a critical requirement. We found that existing international frameworks and policies for identifying sites important for bird conservation focus more at the level of the individual site than on the site network and its connectivity. Only 21% of site criteria acknowledge the importance of movement networks for birds, and such network criteria were mostly (67%) qualitative. We suggest a three-step quantitative approach for informing conservation about the connectivity of bird movements (especially when migrating) from a network perspective, by reviewing current scientific knowledge. The first step is to construct a bird movement network by identifying sites frequently used by birds as ‘nodes’, and then define ‘edges’ from the probability of non-stop flight between each pair of nodes. The second step is to quantify network connectivity, i.e., the extent to which the site network facilitates bird movements. The last step is to assess the importance of each site from its contribution to network connectivity. This approach can serve as a tool for comprehensive and dynamic monitoring of the robustness of site networks during global change