Tricks or Treats

Learn about open access tools and tricks while enjoying some Halloween treats

Open Access Bingo

Unfettered access to books, articles, and media is important to your research and learning, but many resources are too expensive to buy or restricted in other ways. This bingo card indicates ways you may have benefited from free access or been blocked by access restrictions – mark those that apply to you. You’re a winner just for playing

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE DA MASTITE BOVINA

Prevenção e controle da mastite bovina são essenciais para garantir a qualidade do leite e evitar prejuízos econômicos. Alguns sinais de mastite incluem sensibilidade ao toque, úbere quente, leite espesso com grumos e estrias de sangue. Testes como o CMT podem ajudar na detecção precoce. O pré-dipping e o pós-dipping são procedimentos importantes durante a ordenha. Além disso, é crucial manter as máquinas de ordenha limpas, secar adequadamente os animais e descartar os primeiros jatos de leite. Com manejo adequado e medidas preventivas, é possível controlar a mastite e garantir a produção de leite de qualidade. As medidas preventivas podem ser o pré-dipping, que consiste em imergir os tetos da vaca em produto antisséptico antes da ordenha, e o pós-dipping, que consiste na imersão dos tetos em solução desinfetante glicerinada após a ordenha. A higiene adequada, como a limpeza dos tetos, práticas adequadas, como evitar estresse, também são importantes. Manter as instalações limpas e secas para reduzir o risco de infecção, identificar e tratar precocemente casos de mastite, adotar programas de qualidade do leite e controle da saúde do rebanho, como o monitoramento regular da saúde dos animais e implementação de medidas corretivas quando necessário, são medidas adicionais para prevenção e controle da mastite bovina. Os princípios ativos dos medicamentos utilizados no tratamento da mastite podem variar de acordo com o tipo de infecção e a causa subjacente, incluindo antibióticos, anti-inflamatórios e antifúngicos. Em resumo, a mastite é uma doença inflamatória da glândula mamária que afeta animais de produção de leite e causa prejuízos na produção e qualidade do leite. A prevenção e o controle são essenciais para reduzir os impactos da doença, exigindo medidas de higiene, manejo e controle dos agentes infecciosos. Lembre-se sempre de buscar orientação veterinária para um programa eficaz de prevenção e controle da mastite bovina

Urinary endogenous peptides as biomarkers for prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in men worldwide; however, the main diagnostic tests available for PCa have limitations and a biopsy is required for histopathological confirmation of the disease. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the main biomarker used for the early detection of PCa, but an elevated serum concentration is not cancer specific. Therefore, there is a need for the discovery of new non invasive biomarkers that can accurately diagnose PCa. The present study used trichloroacetic acid induced protein precipitation and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to profile endogenous peptides in urine samples from patients with PCa (n=33), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n=25) and healthy individuals (n=28). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of urinary peptides. In addition, Proteasix tool was used for in silico prediction of protease cleavage sites. Five urinary peptides derived from uromodulin were revealed to be significantly altered between the study groups, all of which were less abundant in the PCa group. This peptide panel showed a high potential to discriminate between the study groups, resulting in area under the curve (AUC) values between 0.788 and 0.951. In addition, urinary peptides outperformed PSA in discriminating between malignant and benign prostate conditions (AUC=0.847), showing high sensitivity (81.82%) and specificity (88%). From in silico analyses, the proteases HTRA2, KLK3, KLK4, KLK14 and MMP25 were identified as potentially involved in the degradation of uromodulin peptides in the urine of patients with PCa. In conclusion, the present study allowed the identification of urinary peptides with potential for use as non invasive biomarkers in PCa diagnosis

Determinants of pain interference and headache impact in patients who have chronic migraine with medication overuse: Results from the MOTS trial

OBJECTIVE: Pain interference and headache impact refer to negative consequences that pain and headache have on one\u27s life. This study investigated determinants of these negative impacts in a large patient cohort who have chronic migraine with medication overuse. METHODS: Six hundred and eleven adults were enrolled from 34 headache, neurology, and primary care clinics. Negative consequences of chronic migraine with medication overuse were determined using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference 6b questionnaire and the Headache Impact Test 6. Relationships between PROMIS-6b and Headache Impact Test 6 scores with demographics, headache characteristics, medication use, anxiety symptoms, and depression symptoms were assessed with linear regression. Elastic Net regression was used to develop a multiple regression model. RESULTS: PROMIS-6b T-Scores averaged 65.2 (SD 5.4) and Headache Impact Test 6 scores averaged 65.0 (SD 5.3), indicating severe negative consequences of chronic migraine with medication overuse. Chronic migraine with medication overuse interfered with enjoyment of life, concentration, daily activities, doing tasks away from home, and socializing. Depression symptom severity had the strongest relationship with pain interference and headache impact. Moderate-to-severe headache frequency, headache intensity, and anxiety symptoms were also associated with pain interference and headache impact. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic migraine with medication overuse is associated with substantial negative consequences, the extent of which is most strongly related to depression symptoms

Virulence, phenotype and genotype characteristics of invasive group B Streptococcus isolates obtained from Swedish pregnant women and neonates

Group B streptococci (GBS) are bacteria that can cause preterm birth and invasive neonatal disease. Heterogeneous expression of virulence factors enables GBS to exist as both commensal bacteria and to become highly invasive. A molecular epidemiological study comparing GBS bacterial traits, genotype and host characteristics may indicate whether it is possible to predict the risk of perinatal invasive GBS disease and more accurately target intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. A total of 229 invasive GBS isolates from Swedish pregnant women or neonates were assessed for virulence and phenotypic traits: hemolysis zone, hemolytic pigment (Granada agar), Streptococcus B Carrot Broth (SBCB) assay, CAMP factor, and hyaluronidase activity. Genes regulating hemolytic pigment synthesis (covR/covS, abx1, stk1, stp1) were sequenced. Of the virulence factors and phenotypes assessed, a Granada pigment or SBCB score ≥ 2 captured more than 90% of EOD isolates with excellent inter-rater reliability. High enzyme activity of hyaluronidase was observed in 16% (36/229) of the invasive GBS isolates and notably, in one case of stillbirth. Hyaluronidase activity was also significantly higher in GBS isolates obtained from pregnant/postpartum individuals versus the stillbirth or neonatal invasive isolates (p < 0.001). Sequencing analysis found that abx1 (g.T106I), stk1 (g.T211N), stp1 (g.K469R) and covS (g.V343M) variants were present significantly more often in the higher (Granada pigment score ≥ 2) versus lower pigmented isolates (p < 0.001, each variant). Among the 203 higher Granada pigment scoring isolates, 22 (10.8%) isolates had 3 of the four sequence variants and 10 (4.9%) had 2 of the four sequence variants. Although heterogeneity in GBS virulence factor expression was observed, the vast majority were more highly pigmented and contained several common sequence variants in genes regulating pigment synthesis. High activity of hyaluronidase may increase risk for stillbirth and invasive disease in pregnant or postpartum individuals. Our findings suggest that testing for GBS pigmentation and hyaluronidase may, albeit imperfectly, identify pregnant people at risk for invasive disease and represent a step towards a personalized medical approach for the administration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis

UNH Scholars\u27 Repository and What It Can Do For You!

Institutional Repository Manager, Nikki Hentz, will introduce you to the ways in which the Library can help you make your research open access to maximize its reach

Follow the Yellow Brick Road to Green Open Access

Institutional Repository Manager, Nikki Hentz, will introduce you to the ways in which the Library can help you make your research open access to maximize its reach. Digital Collections Manager, Sarah Stinson, will discuss our growing openly accessible Digital Collections of photos, books, newspapers and other primary research materials