2,347 research outputs found
Probing jet properties via two particle correlation method
The formulae for calculating jet fragmentation momentum, , and conditional yield are discussed in
two particle correlation framework. Additional corrections are derived to
account for the limited detector acceptance and inefficiency, for cases when
the event mixing technique is used. The validity of our approach is confirmed
with Monte-carlo simulation.Comment: Proceeding for HotQuarks2004 conference. 11 pages, 8 figures,
corrected for typo
The Evolution of the Optical and Near-Infrared Galaxy Luminosity Functions and Luminosity Densities to z~2
Using Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based U through K- band photometry
from the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), we measure the
evolution of the luminosity function and luminosity density in the rest-frame
optical (UBR) to z ~ 2, bridging the poorly explored ``redshift desert''
between z~1 and z~2. We also use deep near-infrared observations to measure the
evolution in the rest-frame J-band to z~1. Compared to local measurements from
the SDSS, we find a brightening of the characteristic magnitude, (M*), by ~2.1,
\~0.8 and ~0.7 mag between z=0.1 and z=1.9, in U, B, and R bands, respectively.
The evolution of M* in the J-band is in the opposite sense, showing a dimming
between redshifts z=0.4 and z=0.9. This is consistent with a scenario in which
the mean star formation rate in galaxies was higher in the past, while the mean
stellar mass was lower, in qualitative agreement with hierarchical galaxy
formation models. We find that the shape of the luminosity function is strongly
dependent on spectral type and that there is strong evolution with redshift in
the relative contribution from the different spectral types to the luminosity
density.
We find good agreement in the luminosity function derived from an R-selected
and a K-selected sample at z~1, suggesting that optically selected surveys of
similar depth (R < 24) are not missing a significant fraction of objects at
this redshift relative to a near-infrared-selected sample. We compare the
rest-frame B-band luminosity functions from z~0--2 with the predictions of a
semi-analytic hierarchical model of galaxy formation, and find qualitatively
good agreement. In particular, the model predicts at least as many optically
luminous galaxies at z~1--2 as are implied by our observations.Comment: 43 pages; 15 Figures; 5 Tables, Accepted for publication in Ap.
Anhydrous polymeric zinc(II) pentanoate
The structure of the title compound, poly[di-μ-pentanoato-zinc(II)], [Zn{CH3(CH2)3COO}2]n, consists of a three-dimensional polymeric layered network with sheets parallel to the (100) plane, in which tetrahedrally coordinated zinc(II) ions are connected by pentanoate bridges in a syn–anti arrangement. The hydrocarbon chains are in the fully extended all-trans conformation and are arranged in a tail-to-tail double bilayer
The Young Lady\u27s Guide
Contents
Papers for thoughtful girls, by Sarah Tytler.
A woman’s thoughts about women, by the author of John Halifax, gentleman .
Fashion, from Mrs. Sydney Cox’s Friendly counsel for girls .
Novel-reading, from the Greyson letters, by Henry Rogers.
From Daughters and Women of England, by Sarah S. Ellis.
From Hannah More.--From The young ladies’ mentor , by a lady.
The social position and culture due to woman, by W. R. Williams.--Education of the heart, woman’s best, by Sarah S. Ellis.
From The young woman’s friend , by J. A. James
Discovery of Two T Dwarf Companions with the Spitzer Space Telescope
We report the discovery of T dwarf companions to the nearby stars HN Peg
(G0V, 18.4 pc, ~0.3 Gyr) and HD 3651 (K0V, 11.1 pc, ~7 Gyr). During an ongoing
survey of 5'x5' fields surrounding stars in the solar neighborhood with IRAC
aboard the Spitzer Space Telescope, we identified these companions as candidate
T dwarfs based on their mid-IR colors. Using near-IR spectra obtained with SpeX
at the NASA IRTF, we confirm the presence of methane absorption that
characterizes T dwarfs and measure spectral types of T2.5+/-0.5 and T7.5+/-0.5
for HN Peg B and HD 3651 B, respectively. By comparing our Spitzer data to
images from 2MASS obtained several years earlier, we find that the proper
motions of HN Peg B and HD 3651 B are consistent with those of the primaries,
confirming their companionship. HN Peg B and HD 3651 B have angular separations
of 43.2" and 42.9" from their primaries, which correspond to projected physical
separations of 795 and 476 AU, respectively. A comparison of their luminosities
to the values predicted by theoretical evolutionary models implies masses of
0.021+/-0.009 and 0.051+/-0.014 Msun for HN Peg B and HD 3651 B. In addition,
the models imply an effective temperature for HN Peg B that is significantly
lower than the values derived for other T dwarfs at similar spectral types,
which is the same behavior reported by Metchev & Hillenbrand for the young
late-L dwarf HD 203030 B. Thus, the temperature of the L/T transition appears
to depend on surface gravity. Meanwhile, HD 3651 B is the first substellar
companion directly imaged around a star that is known to harbor a close-in
planet from RV surveys. The discovery of this companion supports the notion
that the high eccentricities of close-in planets like the one near HD 3651 may
be the result of perturbations by low-mass companions at wide separations.Comment: Astrophysical Journal, in pres
The Ratio of W + N jets To Z/gamma + N jets As a Precision Test of the Standard Model
We suggest replacing measurements of the individual cross-sections for the
production of W + N jets and Z/gamma + N jets in searches for new high-energy
phenomena at hadron colliders by the precision measurement of the ratios (W+0
jet)/(Z+0 jet), (W+1 jet)/(Z+1 jet), (W+2 jets)/(Z+2 jets),... (W+N jets)/(Z+N
jets), with N as large as 6 (the number of jets in ttbarH). These ratios can
also be formed for the case where one or more of the jets is tagged as a b or c
quark. Existing measurements of the individual cross sections for Wenu + N jets
at the Tevatron have systematic uncertainties that grow rapidly with N, being
dominated by uncertainties in the identification of jets and the jet energy
scale. These systematics, and also those associated with the luminosity, parton
distribution functions (PDF's), detector acceptance and efficiencies, and
systematics of jet finding and b-tagging, are expected to substantially cancel
in calculating the ratio of W to Z production in each N-jet channel, allowing a
greater sensitivity to new contributions in these channels in Run II at the
Tevatron and at the LHC.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, added reference
Double Inflation in Supergravity and the Large Scale Structure
The cosmological implication of a double inflation model with hybrid + new
inflations in supergravity is studied. The hybrid inflation drives an inflaton
for new inflation close to the origin through supergravity effects and new
inflation naturally occurs. If the total e-fold number of new inflation is
smaller than , both inflations produce cosmologically relevant density
fluctuations. Both cluster abundances and galaxy distributions provide strong
constraints on the parameters in the double inflation model assuming
standard cold dark matter scenario. The future satellite
experiments to measure the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave
background will make a precise determination of the model parameters possible.Comment: 19 pages (RevTeX file
Test of CPT Symmetry and Quantum Mechanics with Experimental data from CPLEAR
We use fits to recent published CPLEAR data on neutral kaon decays to
and to constrain the CPT--violation parameters
appearing in a formulation of the neutral kaon system as an open
quantum-mechanical system. The obtained upper limits of the CPT--violation
parameters are approaching the range suggested by certain ideas concerning
quantum gravity.Comment: 9 pages of uuencoded postscript (includes 3 figures
Testing String Theory with CMB
Future detection/non-detection of tensor modes from inflation in CMB
observations presents a unique way to test certain features of string theory.
Current limit on the ratio of tensor to scalar perturbations, r=T/S, is r <
0.3, future detection may take place for r > 10^{-2}-10^{-3}. At present all
known string theory inflation models predict tensor modes well below the level
of detection. Therefore a possible experimental discovery of tensor modes may
present a challenge to string cosmology.
The strongest bound on r in string inflation follows from the observation
that in most of the models based on the KKLT construction, the value of the
Hubble constant H during inflation must be smaller than the gravitino mass. For
the gravitino mass in the usual range, m_{3/2} < O(1) TeV, this leads to an
extremely strong bound r < 10^{-24}. A discovery of tensor perturbations with r
> 10^{-3} would imply that the gravitinos in this class of models are
superheavy, m_{3/2} > 10^{13} GeV. This would have important implications for
particle phenomenology based on string theory.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
Tests of the Equivalence Principle with Neutral Kaons
We test the Principle of Equivalence for particles and antiparticles, using
CPLEAR data on tagged K0 and K0bar decays into pi^+ pi^-. For the first time,
we search for possible annual, monthly and diurnal modulations of the
observables |eta_{+-}| and phi_{+-}, that could be correlated with variations
in astrophysical potentials. Within the accuracy of CPLEAR, the measured values
of |eta_{+-}| and phi_{+-} are found not to be correlated with changes of the
gravitational potential. We analyze data assuming effective scalar, vector and
tensor interactions, and we conclude that the Principle of Equivalence between
particles and antiparticles holds to a level of 6.5, 4.3 and 1.8 x 10^{-9},
respectively, for scalar, vector and tensor potentials originating from the Sun
with a range much greater than the distance Earth-Sun. We also study
energy-dependent effects that might arise from vector or tensor interactions.
Finally, we compile upper limits on the gravitational coupling difference
between K0 and K0bar as a function of the scalar, vector and tensor interaction
range.Comment: 15 pages latex 2e, five figures, one style file (cernart.csl)
incorporate
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