Uniform cost system for grinding wheel manufacturers

The system presented here for the Grinding Wheel Manufacturers is a simple one. In a few instances two methods of accomplishing the same purpose are given. In such cases one method will be found to give more detail than the other, but either will produce satisfactory results. Much of the data necessary for the operation of this system is undoubtedly being collected by grinding wheel manufacturers already. There are few manufacturers indeed who do not possess a payroll and ledger, and it is assumed that the grinding wheel manufacturer is as well provided with these two important books as the average. If the information furnished by these books is used as recommended a large advance in the right direction will have been made, and very little, if any more, labor required. It is not necessary to install all features of this system at once. In fact it is much better if it is installed in sections as it is then possible to see that one part is in good working order before another is started

N. E. A. 1903

Envelope labelled N. E. A. 1903, containing cards and a second envelope relating to the National Educational Association

Circuit Theory

Contains research objectives and reports on two research projects

Formation of thin films of organic-inorganic perovskites for high-efficiency solar cells

Organic-inorganic perovskites are currently one of the hottest topics in photovoltaic (PV) research, with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of cells on a laboratory scale already competing with those of established thin-film PV technologies. Most enhancements have been achieved by improving the quality of the perovskite films, suggesting that the optimization of film formation and crystallization is of paramount importance for further advances. Here, we review the various techniques for film formation and the role of the solvents and precursors in the processes. We address the role chloride ions play in film formation of mixed-halide perovskites, which is an outstanding question in the field. We highlight the material properties that are essential for high-efficiency operation of solar cells, and identify how further improved morphologies might be achieved

Geographical and temporal variation in environmental conditions affects nestling growth but not immune function in a year-round breeding equatorial lark

Background: Variation in growth and immune function within and among populations is often associated with specific environmental conditions. We compared growth and immune function in nestlings of year-round breeding equatorial Red-capped Lark Calandrella cinerea from South Kinangop, North Kinangop and Kedong (Kenya), three locations that are geographically close but climatically distinct. In addition, we studied growth and immune function of lark nestlings as a function of year-round variation in breeding intensity and rain within one location. We monitored mass, wing, and tarsus at hatching (day 1) and at 4, 7, and 10 days post-hatch, and we quantified four indices of immune function (haptoglobin, agglutination, lysis and nitric oxide) using blood samples collected on day 10. Results: Nestling body mass and size at hatching, which presumably reflect the resources that females allocated to their eggs, were lowest in the most arid location, Kedong. Contrary to our predictions, nestlings in Kedong grew faster than nestlings in the two other cooler and wetter locations of South and North Kinangop. During periods of peak reproduction within Kedong, nestlings were heavier at hatching, but they did not grow faster over the first 10 days post-hatch. In contrast, rainfall, which did not relate to timing of breeding, had no effect on hatching mass, but more rain did coincide with faster growth post-hatch. Finally, we found no significant differences in nestling immune function, neither among locations nor with the year-round variation within Kedong. Conclusion: Based on these results, we hypothesize that female body condition determines nestling mass and size at hatching, but other independent environmental conditions subsequently shape nestling growth. Overall, our results suggest that environmental conditions related to food availability for nestlings are relatively unimportant to the timing of breeding in equatorial regions, while these same conditions do have consequences for nestling size and growth.</p

Circuit Theory

Contains research objectives and reports on two research projects.U.S. Air Force under Air Force Contract AF19(604)-5200Lincoln Laboratory, Purchase Order DDL-B22