Cuidado familiar de crianças em condição crônica no contexto da pandemia pela COVID-19

Objective: to describe how families experienced the care of children in chronic condition during the pandemic by CO-VID-19. Methods: qualitative study, guided by the Family Ma-nagement Style Model, conducted with 24 families of children in chronic condition. The data, collected by telephone contact through semi-structured interviews, were submitted to the-matic analysis. Results: data analysis resulted in three the-matic categories: Changes in the routine of family members; Emotions triggered in family members and children due to the pandemic; and Implications of the pandemic by COVID-19 for the continuity of care. They highlighted: incorporation of hygiene care, social distancing concomitant to domestic and professional activities at home; and feelings of fear and con-cern about the children's health and development and the need for caregivers to provide rehabilitation and support for school activities. Conclusion: it was observed that the pan-demic changed the family routine, produced negative feelings in families, modified care demands and compromised access to services. Contributions to practice: these results contri-bute to the identification of the repercussions of COVID-19 on families and children with chronic conditions and can help establish strategies to reduce the consequences of this pan-demic and other future health emergencies.Objetivo: descrever como as famílias vivenciaram o cuidado da criança em condição crônica durante a pandemia por COVID-19. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, orientado pelo Modelo de Estilo de Manejo Familiar, realizado com 24 famílias de crianças em condição crônica. Os dados, coletados por meio de contato telefônico mediante entrevista semiestruturada, foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: a análise dos dados resultou em três categorias temáticas: Mudança na rotina dos membros da família; Emoções desencadeadas nos familiares e crianças devido à pandemia; e Implicações da pandemia por COVID-19 para a continuidade do cuidado. Destacaram-se: incorporação de cuidados de higiene, distanciamento social concomitante às atividades domésticas e profissional no domicílio; e sentimentos de medo e preocupação quanto à saúde e desenvolvimento das crianças e a necessidade de os cuidadores proverem a reabilitação e suporte para as atividades escolares. Conclusão: observou-se que a pandemia modificou a rotina familiar, produziu sentimentos negativos nas famílias, modificou as demandas de cuidado e comprometeu o acesso aos serviços. Contribuições para a prática: esses resultados contribuem para a identificação das repercussões da COVID-19 nas famílias e crianças sob condição crônica, podendo auxiliar o estabelecimento de estratégias para a redução das consequências dessa pandemia e de outras emergências sanitárias futuras.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Situação de cuidar de uma criança com condição crônica pelas famílias: estudo de métodos mistos

Objective: To analyze the meanings attributed by family members to the situation of caring for a child with a chronic condition (CCC), in the light of the Family Management Style Framework (FMSF). Method: A mixed-methods, parallel-convergent study, guided by the FMSF theoretical framework, using the conceptual component “Definition of the Situation”. Fifty-three CCC families took part. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview, a questionnaire to characterize the participants and a Family Management Measure scale. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out on the quantitative data and the qualitative data was subjected to deductive thematic analysis. Results: Family members reported a view of normality in relation to CCC, also verified by the Child’s Daily Life scale. However, they indicate the repercussions of the chronic condition on the family, and that they devote more attention and time to meeting the child’s care needs, which was also verified in the View of the Impact of the Condition and Management Effort scales. Conclusion: Families have a positive view of the situation of caring for CCC at home, but point out some negative effects, such as the greater time spent caring for the child.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A experiência da criança sobre o seu adoecimento por COVID-19

OBJECTIVE: To understand the experience of children when they become ill with COVID-19. METHOD: Qualitative-descriptive and exploratory study, guided by the World Health Organization's concept of Quality of Life. Twenty-four children participated, aged between seven and nine years, 11 months and 29 days, diagnosed with COVID-19. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and underwent deductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: The children understood what COVID-19 is, its high lethality and transmissibility, and its forms of contagion and prevention. COVID-19 has been identified as something negative. The experience of children becoming ill with COVID-19 was permeated by changes in their routines, especially due to having activities limited to the home, emotional changes, and physical symptoms due to infection with the virus. CONCLUSION: The children understood the seriousness of the pandemic and identified the changes that had occurred. They also expressed understanding about the disease and its control. Knowing children's experience of illness can guide care actions aimed at them, recognizing that children's adequate understanding of what they experience can contribute to coping with illness and their participation in control actions.Objetivo: Conhecer a experiência de crianças em seu adoecimento por COVID-19. Método: Estudo qualitativo descritivo e exploratório, guiado pelo conceito de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Participaram 24 crianças, com idades entre sete e nove anos, 11 meses e 29 dias, diagnosticadas com COVID-19. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise temática dedutiva. Resultados: As crianças compreendiam o que é a COVID-19, a sua alta letalidade e transmissibilidade e ainda suas formas de contágio e prevenção. A COVID-19 foi identificada como algo negativo. A experiência de adoecimento de crianças por COVID-19 foi permeada por mudanças em suas rotinas, sobretudo por ter as atividades limitadas ao domicílio, alterações emocionais e sintomas físicos devido à infecção pelo vírus. Conclusão: As crianças compreenderam a gravidade da pandemia e identificaram as mudanças ocorridas. Também manifestaram entendimento sobre a doença e o seu controle. Conhecer a experiência de adoecimento de crianças pode orientar ações de cuidado direcionadas a elas, reconhecendo que entendimento adequado da criança sobre o que ela vivencia pode contribuir para o enfrentamento do adoecimento e para sua participação nas ações de controle.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Fatores promotores e ameaçadores da Esperança em cuidadores de crianças com condições crônicas

Objetivo: identificar quais são os fatores promotores e ameaçadores da Esperança em cuidadores familiares de crianças de 2 a 3 anos com condições crônicas. Método: estudo qualitativo, incluindo 46 cuidadores familiares de crianças com condição crônica de 2 a 3 anos egressas de duas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada orientada pelo Modelo de Intervenção em Ajuda Mútua Promotor de Esperança. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática dedutiva. Resultados: foram identificados como fatores promotores da Esperança: A experiência compartilhada com membros da rede de apoio social; A relação com a criança; Melhora clínica da criança; Espiritualidade; Orientação positiva para o futuro. Foram identificados como fatores ameaçadores da Esperança: Relações conflituosas e descrença da criança por pessoas próximas; Incertezas sobre o futuro; Inseguranças sobre a capacidade de prestar os cuidados à criança. Conclusão: os fatores ameaçadores da Esperança geraram sofrimento, dor, angústia, ansiedade e solidão nos cuidadores. Os fatores promotores da Esperança geraram conforto, motivação, força e alegria. Os achados possibilitam que Enfermeiros reconheçam as potencialidades e fragilidades dos cuidadores e promovam a adoção de comportamentos promotores de Esperança em cuidadores de crianças com condições crônicas.Objective: to identify the factors that promote and threaten Hope in family caregivers of 2- to 3-year-old children with chronic conditions. Method: qualitative study with 46 family caregivers of children between 2 and 3 years old with a chronic condition, discharged from two Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews guided by the Model for Intervention in Mutual Help Promoter of Hope. Data were submitted to deductive thematic analysis. Results: the following were identified as factors that promote Hope: The experience shared with members of the social support network; The relationship with the child; Clinical improvement of the child; Spirituality; Positive guidance for the future. The following were identified as factors that threaten Hope: Conflictual relationships and discredit of the child by close people; Uncertainties about the future; Insecurities about the ability to care for the child. Conclusion: the threatening factors of Hope generated suffering, pain, anguish, anxiety, and loneliness in caregivers. The promoting factors of Hope generated comfort, motivation, strength and joy. The findings allow Nurses to recognize the strengths and weaknesses of caregivers and adopt behaviors that promote Hope in caregivers of children with chronic conditions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Factores promotores y amenazadores de Esperanza en cuidadores de niños con condiciones crónicas

Objetivo: identificar los factores que promueven y amenazan la Esperanza en cuidadores familiares de niños de 2 a 3 años con condiciones crónicas. Método: estudio cualitativo, incluyendo 46 cuidadores familiares de niños con condición crónica de 2 a 3 años, egresados de dos Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. La recolección de datos ocurrió mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas guiadas por el Modelo de Intervención en Ayuda Mutua Promotora de Esperanza. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis temático deductivo. Resultados: se identificaron como factores promotores de la Esperanza: la experiencia compartida con los miembros de la red social de apoyo; la relación con el niño; mejoría clínica del niño; espiritualidad; orientación positiva para el futuro. Se identificaron como factores amenazadores de la Esperanza: relaciones conflictivas y incredulidad con relación al niño por parte de personas cercanas; incertidumbres sobre el futuro; inseguridades sobre la capacidad de cuidar al niño. Conclusión: los factores amenazadores de Esperanza generaron sufrimiento, dolor, angustia, ansiedad y soledad en los cuidadores. Los factores promotores de Esperanza generaron consuelo, motivación, fuerza y alegría. Los hallazgos permiten a los enfermeros reconocer las fortalezas y debilidades de los cuidadores y promover la adopción de comportamientos que promuevan la Esperanza en los cuidadores de niños con condiciones crónicas.Objective: to identify the factors that promote and threaten Hope in family caregivers of 2- to 3-year-old children with chronic conditions. Method: qualitative study with 46 family caregivers of children between 2 and 3 years old with a chronic condition, discharged from two Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews guided by the Model for Intervention in Mutual Help Promoter of Hope. Data were submitted to deductive thematic analysis. Results: the following were identified as factors that promote Hope: The experience shared with members of the social support network; The relationship with the child; Clinical improvement of the child; Spirituality; Positive guidance for the future. The following were identified as factors that threaten Hope: Conflictual relationships and discredit of the child by close people; Uncertainties about the future; Insecurities about the ability to care for the child. Conclusion: the threatening factors of Hope generated suffering, pain, anguish, anxiety, and loneliness in caregivers. The promoting factors of Hope generated comfort, motivation, strength and joy. The findings allow Nurses to recognize the strengths and weaknesses of caregivers and adopt behaviors that promote Hope in caregivers of children with chronic conditions.Objetivo: identificar quais são os fatores promotores e ameaçadores da Esperança em cuidadores familiares de crianças de 2 a 3 anos com condições crônicas. Método: estudo qualitativo, incluindo 46 cuidadores familiares de crianças com condição crônica de 2 a 3 anos egressas de duas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada orientada pelo Modelo de Intervenção em Ajuda Mútua Promotor de Esperança. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática dedutiva. Resultados: foram identificados como fatores promotores da Esperança: A experiência compartilhada com membros da rede de apoio social; A relação com a criança; Melhora clínica da criança; Espiritualidade; Orientação positiva para o futuro. Foram identificados como fatores ameaçadores da Esperança: Relações conflituosas e descrença da criança por pessoas próximas; Incertezas sobre o futuro; Inseguranças sobre a capacidade de prestar os cuidados à criança. Conclusão: os fatores ameaçadores da Esperança geraram sofrimento, dor, angústia, ansiedade e solidão nos cuidadores. Os fatores promotores da Esperança geraram conforto, motivação, força e alegria. Os achados possibilitam que Enfermeiros reconheçam as potencialidades e fragilidades dos cuidadores e promovam a adoção de comportamentos promotores de Esperança em cuidadores de crianças com condições crônicas

Vivências das famílias no cuidado aos recém-nascidos prematuros no domicílio: revisão sistemática qualitativa

Objetivo: Analisar como as famílias vivenciam o cuidado domiciliar às crianças prematuras egressas da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: Revisão sistemática qualitativa, realizada em 7 bases eletrônicas de dados e construída conforme as diretrizes propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute e o guia internacional PRISMA. Incluiram-se 27 estudos, considerando-se: tipo de estudo; ano de publicação; idioma; população e contexto do estudo e artigos disponíveis em full text. Os estudos incluídos foram avaliados quanto à qualidade metodológica e, posteriormente, lidos na íntegra. Os dados qualitativos extraídos foram agrupados em códigos e, seguidamente, analisados. Resultados: O cuidado às crianças prematuras egressas da UTIN exige mudanças na organização familiar e os profissionais de saúde são identificados como a principal fonte de informação e segurança. Nota-se o envolvimento de todos os membros da família nos cuidados iniciais, e a criança torna-se o foco da família, que compartilha sentimento de alegria e felicidade, medo e insegurança no que tange aos cuidados com as crianças. Conclusão: A proximidade com o filho após a alta é relatado pelos pais como positivo, entretanto, o cuidado pode ser permeado por dificuldades e incertezas, reforçando a importância do apoio dos familiares e dos profissionais de saúde

The Interferences of Social Determinants of Health on Family Care for Premature Infants: A Scoping Review Protocol

Objective: To map the evidence on the interference of social determinants of health in family care of preterm newborns. Introduction: Preterm birth (<37 weeks) has become a significant public health problem, and its complications are causes of death among children under five years of age. The magnitude of this issue lies primarily in the implications of prematurity on the health of children and their families over the years. Preterm birth and the prolonged newborn hospitalization commonly associated with it are major family stressors and can lead to subsequent family dysfunction. Thus, the intensity of care and the high level of vigilance that these children require from their families can affect the quality of life of parents and other family members and represent a challenge in coping with this condition. In this sense, family functioning is related to the ability of the family and its members to deal with stressors and healthily overcome them. Besides the individual dimension, it is necessary to consider the influences of social determinants, such as income, education, and other factors that may imply health inequities. Thus, the quality of life of these children and their caregivers and the functioning of their families can be influenced by the social characteristics inherent to the context in which they live. Inclusion Criteria: This scoping review will consider studies focusing on the evidence on the relationship between interferences of social determinants of health and family care of premature newborns. Methods: The scoping review will follow the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual for Scoping Reviews and PRISMA-ScR. We will investigate original studies published in English, Spanish or Portuguese between 2002 and 2022 in CINAHAL, PubMed, BVS, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Two independent reviewers will analyze the article titles and abstracts. The full texts will be imported and analyzed using a reference manager. Results will be presented in tables and descriptive summaries

Repercussions of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of children: a scoping review protocols

Introduction: The pandemic of the new coronavirus began in Wuhan, China, in November 2019. Just over a year since the first case of the disease, the world has identified over 110,306,280 cases. One of Covid-19's concerns is social since several countries have implemented social isolation to control transmission. Particularly for children, the effects of this isolation with the closing of schools, squares, and parks, among other measures, can be even more expressive and affect their quality of life. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider studies focusing on the repercussions of social distance due to the COVID-19 pandemic on children's quality of life. Methods: The search will include Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Cochrane, BVS (Lilacs, Bdenf, Ibecs), Scopus, Embase published in English, Spanish and Portuguese. A three-step search strategy will be used, as defined by JBI. Two independent reviewers will analyze the articles' titles and abstracts; full texts will be imported and analyzed using a bibliographic reference software. Results will be displayed in tables and descriptive summaries

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora