A Brazilian perspective on remanufacturing

Part of: Seliger, Günther (Ed.): Innovative solutions : proceedings / 11th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, Berlin, Germany, 23rd - 25th September, 2013. - Berlin: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2013. - ISBN 978-3-7983-2609-5 (online). - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus4-40276. - pp. 5–8.The goal of this paper is to give further information concerning the Keynote “A Brazilian perspective on sustainable manufacturing and remanufacturing” held on the 11th CIRP Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing. Therefore, this paper contains the description of the current Brazilian situation in terms of poverty, social inequalities and violence and in contrast the country’s abundance of natural resources. Thus, it is reported how this current situation is associated with sustainable development, mainly in the Brazilian industrial sector. Finally, an example of a sustainable approach to be adopted by companies within this context is given, namely remanufacturing

Métodos e ferramentas de Ecodesign: revisão bibliográfica sistemática

Todos os produtos causam impactos ambientais ao longo do seu ciclo de vida, da extração da matéria-prima até a sua disposição final. O ecodesign, uma abordagem pró-ativa de gestão ambiental, atua no desenvolvimento de produtos de forma a minimizar os impactos ambientais durante todo o ciclo de vida dos produtos. A não obtenção das potencialidades do ecodesign, como previsto na década de 1990, pode ser explicada pelo intenso desenvolvimento de novos métodos e ferramentas de ecodesign em detrimento do estudo e aprimoramento das existentes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o levantamento do estado da arte, a classificação e a sistematização dos métodos e ferramentas de ecodesign por meio da realização de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática. A classificação realizada pode contribuir com a seleção dos métodos mais adequados para cada empresa, de acordo com o seu direcionamento estratégico e com os produtos que são desenvolvidos

Comparing PSS Design Models Based on Content Analysis

AbstractThe combination of products and services in an integrated offer that delivers value through the provision of a required function is recognized as an important strategy for competitiveness and environmental perspectives. Despite its benefits, the design of a Product-Service System (PSS) is considered more challenging than the design of pure products and services. There are proposals of generic models of PSS design processes to support companies when creating their specific models. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the five most cited generic process models, addressing a level of granularity based on process activities, meanwhile other studies have mostly stopped at the phase level. It employed a content analysis approach to perform the comparative analysis. The results show that the analyzed process models prioritize activities related to “Conceptualization” and “Technical Development (Product, Service and Software, Integration)” categories of the PSS design. They also focus on different parts of these categories, being complementary to each other. Thus, this study suggests that companies should not choose only one of them as a reference to create its own PSS design process, but they should look for elements of different models that fit to their purposes and characteristics. At the end, perspectives for future research are discussed

Method to create proposals for PSS business models

Different authors of the product-service bundle literature agree on the fact that business models are central to implement PSS successfully. However, most of the studies about PSS business models mention its importance but do not explore which content should compose such models. Furthermore, PSS business models are explored taking into account a partial view of business model dimensions. Finally, actions that lead to the creation of a new business for PSS or the adaptation of a current one are not distinguished. The goal of this study is to present a guideline to support the creation of PSS business models. Through systematic literature review and consulting with experts, the content of such models were developed. This content is organized in steps that encompass tasks, which must be performed in order to create a PSS business model. The method was already improved after application through a case study and currently is being utilized to generate a PSS business model for a bicycle sharing system. Final considerations include the weak and strong points of the method and further steps to enhance it

Proposição de um modelo para avaliar a gestão do conhecimento no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos

Este artigo descreve um modelo de avaliação da gestão do conhecimento (GC) no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP), focalizado no mapeamento da ocorrência de quatro tipos de conversões do conhecimento nas quatro dimensões do PDP. Melhor desempenho desse processo é obtido por meio de um trabalho integrado com suas quatro dimensões: estratégia; organização; fluxo de informações e atividades; recursos. Em estudo bibliográfico extenso, apoiado pelo estado-da-arte da literatura de GC e PDP, foram encontradas diversas referências que mostram direta (melhores práticas) ou indiretamente (hipóteses) os relacionamentos entre os detalhamentos das dimensões do PDP com as conversões do conhecimento. Apoiado por este estudo, um modelo relacionando a GC com o PDP foi construído, focado na análise e investigação das diversas relações entre conversões e dimensões. O artigo apresenta em detalhes a construção teórica do modelo de avaliação da GC no PDP. Palavras-chave Gestão do conhecimento. Conversões do conhecimento. Processo de desenvolvimento de produtos. Proposal of an evaluation model of knowledge management in the product development process Abstract This paper describes a model of knowledge management (KM) assessment in the product development process (PDP), mainly focused on mapping the occurrence of the four types of knowledge conversion in the four dimensions of PDP. A better performance in the (PDP) is gotten through an integrated work in all of its four dimensions: strategy; organization; information flow and activities; and resources. In an extensive bibliographical study (supported by “state of the art” of KM and PD literature) several references have been found that show direct (best practices) or indirectly (hypotheses) the correlation of one or more deployments of the PDP dimensions with the knowledge conversions. Supported by this study a first model was set up for KM in PDP, structured in the analysis and investigation of the several relationships among conversions and dimensions during this process. This paper will present the detailed theoretical construction of such evaluation method. Keywords Knowledge management. Knowledge conversions. Produc

EcoM2 web portal: Collecting empirical data and supporting companies' ecodesign implementation and management

Despite the recognition of the potential benefits of ecodesign, a promising approach to integrate environmental concerns into the product development process, its application has failed to reach large numbers of companies and sectors worldwide due to managerial difficulties. In response to that a comprehensive framework has been developed, with the aim of ensuring systematic management, implementation and continuous improvement of the ecodesign process. The framework, called Ecodesign Maturity Model (EcoM2), enables the diagnosis of the company’s ecodesign maturity profile; the identification of strengths and limitations; and the establishment of strategic roadmaps for improved ecodesign implementation. This paper describes the development of the EcoM2 web portal, which will allow for the framework to be tested on greater numbers of companies and at the same time to provide a quick diagnosis of their current ecodesign maturity profile. Analyses of the collected data will allow the establishment of patterns on ecodesign implementation in regards to criteria such as sector and size of companies and the improvement of empirical knowledge on ecodesign implementation and best practices.FAPESPCAPESCNP

The Deployment of Product-Related Environmental Legislation into Product Requirements

Environmental legislation is increasingly changing its focus from manufacturing-oriented to product-oriented instruments. Compliance with product-related environmental legislation is achieved by the incorporation of environmental requirements into the early phases of the product development process (PDP). Nevertheless, the deployment of product-related environmental legislation into product requirements is still a challenge. This study followed an inductive approach to propose a guideline to support the identification, analysis and deployment of product requirements based on product-related environmental legislation. The guideline is composed of nine steps, clustered into three groups according to their main objective: (A) identification of environmental product-related legislation; (B) identification of legislative topics to be considered for the deployment of requirements; and (C) creation and validation of product requirements. The product requirements deployed are to be considered during the PDP. The guideline was evaluated in an expert consultation in a large manufacturing company, suggesting that it can be used to support the systematization and deployment of product-related environmental requirements

An integrated approach to remanufacturing: model of a remanufacturing system

Remanufacturing is the process of rebuilding used products that ensures that the quality of remanufactured products is equivalent to that of new ones. Although the theme is gaining ground, it is still little explored due to lack of knowledge, the difficulty of visualizing it systemically, and implementing it effectively. Few models treat remanufacturing as a system. Most of the studies still treated remanufacturing as an isolated process, preventing it from being seen in an integrated manner. Therefore, the aim of this work is to organize the knowledge about remanufacturing, offering a vision of remanufacturing system and contributing to an integrated view about the theme. The methodology employed was a literature review, adopting the General Theory of Systems to characterize the remanufacturing system. This work consolidates and organizes the elements of this system, enabling a better understanding of remanufacturing and assisting companies in adopting the concept.The authors would like to extend sincere thanks to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for supporting this research topic

Inquérito sobre uso de medicamentos por idosos aposentados, Belo Horizonte,MG

OBJECTIVE: To describe self-reported use of medicines by Brazilian elderly retirees focusing on gender differences. METHODS: Household survey conducted in a random sample comprising 667 subjects aged 60 years or more who were living in Belo Horizonte, Southeastern Brazil, in 2003. The elderly were interviewed by pharmacists, using a standardized questionnaire. The prevalence of medicine use and mean use in the 15 days previous to the interview were estimated and then stratified by gender according to sociodemographic and health variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of medicine use was 90.1%, and significantly higher among women (93.4%) than men (84.3%). Women and men took on average 4.6±3.2 and 3.3±2.6 products (pOBJETIVO: Caracterizar o uso de medicamentos por aposentados e pensionistas idosos, com ênfase nas diferenças entre gêneros. MÉTODOS: Inquérito domiciliar conduzido com amostra aleatória simples de 667 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais, residentes em Belo Horizonte, MG, em 2003. Os idosos foram entrevistados por farmacêuticos, utilizando questionário padronizado. Foram estimadas a prevalência de uso e a média de medicamentos usados nos últimos 15 dias anteriores à entrevista, as quais foram estratificadas de acordo com o gênero segundo variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de uso de medicamentos foi de 90,1%, significativamente maior entre as mulheres (93,4%) do que entre os homens (84,3%). Mulheres utilizaram em média 4,6±3,2 produtos e homens 3,3±2,6 (