Cohort profile : demographic and clinical characteristics of the MILESTONE longitudinal cohort of young people approaching the upper age limit of their child mental health care service in Europe

Purpose: The presence of distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) impacts continuity of mental health treatment for young people. However, we do not know the extent of discontinuity of care in Europe nor the effects of discontinuity on the mental health of young people. Current research is limited, as the majority of existing studies are retrospective, based on small samples or used non-standardised information from medical records. The MILESTONE prospective cohort study aims to examine associations between service use, mental health and other outcomes over 24 months, using information from self, parent and clinician reports. Participants: Seven hundred sixty-three young people from 39 CAMHS in 8 European countries, their parents and CAMHS clinicians who completed interviews and online questionnaires and were followed up for 2 years after reaching the upper age limit of the CAMHS they receive treatment at. Findings to date: This cohort profile describes the baseline characteristics of the MILESTONE cohort. The mental health of young people reaching the upper age limit of their CAMHS varied greatly in type and severity: 32.8% of young people reported clinical levels of self-reported problems and 18.6% were rated to be ‘markedly ill’, ‘severely ill’ or ‘among the most extremely ill’ by their clinician. Fifty-seven per cent of young people reported psychotropic medication use in the previous half year. Future plans: Analysis of longitudinal data from the MILESTONE cohort will be used to assess relationships between the demographic and clinical characteristics of young people reaching the upper age limit of their CAMHS and the type of care the young person uses over the next 2 years, such as whether the young person transitions to AMHS. At 2 years follow-up, the mental health outcomes of young people following different care pathways will be compared. Trial registration number: NCT03013595

Timing, volume and precursory indicators of rock‐ and cliff fall on a permafrost mountain ridge (Mattertal, Switzerland)

International audienceHigh mountain environments are increasingly affected by rockfall-related hazards, driven by climate change. Studying rockfall in these environments is, however, challenging due to the inaccessibility of mountain ridges and the complex interaction between controlling factors. In this study, the rock wall of Grosse Grabe North Pillar in the Matter valley (Western Swiss Alps) was studied in detail over a timespan of 4 years (2017–2021). Data was collected from time-lapse photography, terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and seismic measurements. The presented dataset is unique because data collection started before the onset of the rock wall destabilization, allowing us to understand precursory indicators of large-scale events. In total, we recorded 382 rock- and cliff fall events (100–31 300 m3), with a total volume of 204 323 ± 8173 m3, resulting in a scar depth of ~40 m. An associated rock wall retreat rate of 71.2 ± 2.8 mm year−1 was calculated for the 1991–2021 period. Highly fractured south-exposed gneiss lithology is viewed as the main predisposition for the observed rock- and cliff fall events, allowing high-temperature oscillations to cause irreversible movements at fracture level. Cliff falls (104–106 m3) were preluded by an outward movement of the rock wall that started to increase 1.5 years before any significant collapse of the rock wall, reaching locally up to 30 cm. All cliff fall events occurred in summer, exposing ice in the clefts. This is assumed to be the base of the permafrost from the north side. Rapid permafrost degradation is viewed as a triggering factor after its exposure, causing progressive failure of the rock wall, leading to very high rock wall retreat rates on a decadal timescale

Trapping by amylose of the aliphatic chain grafted onto chlorogenic acid: Importance of the graft position

5-Caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid), is classified in acid-phenols family and as polyphenolic compounds it possesses antioxidant activity. The oxydative modification of chlorogenic acid in foods may lead to alteration of their qualities; to counteract these degradation effects, molecular encapsulation was used to protect chlorogenic acid. Amylose can interact strongly with a number of small molecules,including lipids. In order to enable chlorogenic acid complexation by amylose, a C16 aliphatic chain was previously grafted onto the cycle of quinic acid. This work showed that for the two lipophilic derivatives of chlorogenic acid: hexadecyl chlorogenate obtained by alkylation and 3-O-palmitoyl chlorogenic acid obtained by acylation; only the 3-O-palmitoyl chlorogenic acid complexed amylose. The chlorogenic acid derivatives were studied by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and NMR to eluci-date the interaction. By comparing the results with previous work on the complexation of amylose by4-O-palmitoyl chlorogenic acid, the importance of the aliphatic chain position on the cycle of the quinic acid is clearly highlighted. A study in molecular modeling helped to understand the difference in behavior relative to amylose of these three derivatives of chlorogenic acid. (Résumé d'auteur

Chaine intégrée pour la prévision hydrométéorologique des étiages et des sécheresses (CIPRHES) en France

National audienc

Chaine intégrée pour la prévision hydrométéorologique des étiages et des sécheresses (CIPRHES) en France

National audienc

Integrated chain for the hydrometeorological forecasting of low flows and droughts in France. The CIPRHES project

International audienceThere has been a growing interest in extending forecast lead times to facilitate water resources planning and management during droughts and low-flow events. This can be partly achieved by improving integrated hydrometeorological forecasting systems, which offer forecasts of future meteorological and hydrological conditions over continuous space and time scales. Several initiatives have been recently carried out at continental or global scales, in Europe and worldwide, to set up forecasting chains that run with numerical weather and climate model predictions as input to distributed hydrological models. Overall, these systems have been developed in response to a call for seamless forecasts in time (from short to medium and long-ranges) and space (at well-monitored and partially-monitored or ungauged catchments). These systems usually have to deal with limited calibration and evaluation against local data.In France, the CIPRHES project (2021-2025) aims at building an efficient and integrated methodology and an online operational service for a country-wide hydrological drought and low-flow forecasting system, based on the proof-of-concept PREMHYCE platform. The first step focuses on producing seamless atmospheric forecasts, combining information from climatology, weather predictions and seasonal forecasts. Then forecasts are post-processed and tailored for hydrological purposes of drought and low-flow forecasting.The first outcomes of the project will be presented, towards providing short- to long-term seamless hydrological forecasts. The outputs of a workshop organized with end-users to improve a forecasting prototype will be discussed.The CIPRHES project is funded by the French National Research Agency (grant ANR-20-CE04-0009-03)

Effect of managed transition on mental health outcomes for young people at the child-adult mental health service boundary: A randomised clinical trial

Background Poor transition planning contributes to discontinuity of care at the child-adult mental health service boundary (SB), adversely affecting mental health outcomes in young people (YP). The aim of the study was to determine whether managed transition (MT) improves mental health outcomes of YP reaching the child/adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) boundary compared with usual care (UC). Methods A two-arm cluster-randomised trial (ISRCTN83240263 and NCT03013595) with clusters allocated 1:2 between MT and UC. Recruitment took place in 40 CAMHS (eight European countries) between October 2015 and December 2016