Critical heritage studies, cultural heritage and the current political context in the UK: supporting critical practice?

This paper was conceived of as a brief and fairly straightforward survey of some of the current, imminent and potential shifts in policy and personnel, which might shape ‘heritage practice’ and which might become the basis for further analysis within critical heritage studies. It proposed a brief survey of the Culture White Paper and of the broad focus – if focus isn’t too flattering a term – of current government policy; the actual and potential implications of changes in governance in a number of heritage organisations, from the splitting up of English Heritage to the move to trust status by many local authority museums, and the inevitable impact of reductions in public funding. Instead, it was shaped by the events of late June and early July 2016: the EU Referendum, the 100th anniversary of the battle of the Somme, games of football, Chilcot, and the Museum of the Year Award

Constituents of Kousso Flowers

An extract of the flowers of the Kousso tree has been used in Abyssinia for several centuries as a specific against tapeworm. This tree (Hagenia Abyssinica Willd. or Brayera AntheIminthica Kunth) grows to a height of about 60 feet and is found over the entire table-land of Abyssinia between 3,000 and 8,000 feet above sea level. It belongs to the family Rosaceae, and the flowers, from which the active anthelmintic extract is prepared, grow in broad panicles of 10-12 inches in length. The stalk of the panicle from which the flowers branch is clothed with hairs and dotted with small glandsFor the preparation of pharmacologically active extracts, the whole panicle is dried and extracted, although it is known that in the case of Rottlera Tinctoria, which is also used as an anthelmintic, the active principle is concentrated in the hairs an4 glands. No information is, however, available as to the distribution of the active principle in Kousso flowers. Although their medicinal properties had been known for two centuries in the East, Kousso flowers were first introduced into Europe by a Frenchman about 1850. In 1854 an official preparation of Kousso was included in the j British Pharmacopoeia.Chemical investigation of Kousso flowers was first undertaken by Yi/ittstein (1) who, by extraction with various solvents, found the usual constituents, chlorophyll, fat, wax, and also a bitter substance which however he failed to isolate

A three-dimensional finite element model of maximal grip loading in the human wrist

The aim of this work was to create an anatomically accurate three-dimensional finite element model of the wrist, applying subject-specific loading and quantifying the internal load transfer through the joint during maximal grip. For three subjects, representing the anatomical variation at the wrist, loading on each digit was measured during a maximal grip strength test with simultaneous motion capture. The internal metacarpophalangeal joint load was calculated using a biomechanical model. High-resolution magnetic resonance scans were acquired to quantify bone geometry. Finite element analysis was performed, with ligaments and tendons added, to calculate the internal load distribution. It was found that for the maximal grip the thumb carried the highest load, an average of 72.2 ¡ 20.1 N in the neutral position. Results from the finite element model suggested that the highest regions of stress were located at the radial aspect of the carpus. Most of the load was transmitted through the radius, 87.5 per cent, as opposed to 12.5 per cent through the ulna with the wrist in a neutral position. A fully three-dimensional finite element analysis of the wrist using subject-specific anatomy and loading conditions was performed. The study emphasizes the importance of modelling a large ensemble of subjects in order to capture the spectrum of the load transfer through the wrist due to anatomical variation

CuAAC click chemistry for the enhanced detection of novel alkyne-based natural product toxins

In the context of discovering and quantifying terminal alkyne-based natural products, here we report the combination of CuAAC click chemistry with LC-MS for the detection of polyether toxins (prymnesins) associated with harmful algal blooms. The added-value of the CuAAC-based approach is evident from our ability to detect novel prymnesin-like compounds in algal species with previously uncharacterised toxins