Terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten psyykkisestä hyvinvoinnista on huolehdittava epidemiatilanteessa

Koronavirustaudin taudinkuva, hoidon kuormittavuus, kansalaisten haasteet sopeutua poikkeustilaan ja julkinen keskustelu aiheuttavat haasteita vakavasti sairastuneita hoitavien psyykkiselle hyvin¬voinnille. Muutoinkin vaativaa työtä tekevä terveydenhuollon ammattilainen voi uupua, masentua tai sairastua

Silmänliiketerapian käyttö läheisen menetyksestä aiheutuneen komplisoituneen surun hoitoon

Moni ihminen menettää elämänsä aikana läheisen, mistä aiheutuu surua. Läheisen kuoleman laukaisema suru voi kehittyä komplisoituneeksi suruksi. Silmänliiketerapia (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, EMDR) on psykoterapeuttinen hoitomenetelmä ja viitekehys, joka on ollut Suomessa käytössä vuodesta 1996 alkaen. Menetelmää on käytetty alun perin traumaperäisen stressihäiriön hoitoon. Sen käyttöala on sittemmin laajentunut monien häiriöiden, myös komplisoituneen surun hoitoon. Silmänliiketerapia kohdistuu ihmistä häiritsevien muistojen ja niihin liittyvien kognitioiden, tunteiden ja kehon aistimusten käsittelyyn samanaikaisesti, kun potilaalle annetaan käsittelyä edistävää molemminpuolista eli bilateraalista ärsykettä. Terapian tavoitteena on estyneen surutyön käynnistyminen sekä menetykseen liittyvien tunteiden ja kognitioiden sopeutumista edistävä käsittely lopputulokseen asti

Miten koronakriisi vaikuttaa terveydenhuollon työntekijöiden psyykkiseen hyvinvointiin?

Koronakriisissä työskentelevien terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten psyykkisen stressin ja sairastavuuden riski on huomattava. Ulkomaisten tutkimusten mukaan psyykkiseen sairastavuuteen ovat voimakkaimmin yhteydessä huoli ja pelko tartunnasta, ns. etulinjassa työskenteleminen, epidemian alkuvaiheessa työskenteleminen ja kokemuksen puute. Moraalisen vamman kokemus ja sen vaikutus psyykkiseen sairastavuuteen on huomioitava ongelmien ehkäisyssä. Etänä toteutettavat psykoterapiat ja työnohjaukset mahdollistavat nopean avun saamisen psyykkisiin oireisiin

Psychopathic traits and offender characteristics – a nationwide consecutive sample of homicidal male adolescents

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the study was to evaluate psychopathy-like personality traits in a nationwide consecutive sample of adolescent male homicide offenders and to compare the findings with those of a randomly sampled adult male homicide offender group. A further aim was to investigate associations between psychopathic traits and offender and offence characteristics in adolescent homicides.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forensic psychiatric examination reports and crime reports of all 15 to19- year- old male Finnish offenders who had been subjected to a forensic psychiatric examination and convicted for a homicide during 1995–2004 were collected (n = 57). A random sample of 57 adult male homicide offenders was selected as a comparison group. Offence and offender characteristics were collected from the files and a file-based assessment of psychopathic traits was performed using the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) by trained raters.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>No significant differences existed between the adolescents and adults in PCL-R total scores, factor 2 (social deviance) scores, or in facets 3 (lifestyle) and 4 (antisocial). Adults scored significantly higher on factor 1 (interpersonal/affective) and facets 1 (interpersonal) and 2 (affective). The adolescent group was divided into two subgroups according to PCL-R total scores. One in five homicidal male adolescents met criteria for psychopathic personality using a PCL-R total score of 26 or higher. These boys significantly more often had a crime history before the index homicide, more frequently used excessive violence during the index homicide, more rarely lived with both parents until 16 years of age, had more institutional or foster home placements in childhood, had more school difficulties, more often had received special education, and, more often had contact with mental health services prior to age 18 years than boys scoring low on the PCL-R. They also more often had parental criminal history as well as homicide history of parents or near relatives than the group scoring low on the PCL-R.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Homicidal boys behaved as antisocially as the homicidal adults. The adults, however, showed more both affective and interpersonal features of psychopathy. Homicidal adolescents with psychopathy-like personality character form a special subgroup among other homicidal youngsters. Recognizing their characteristics, especially in life course development, would facilitate effective prevention and intervention efforts.</p

Kuultavan oikeuspsykologinen valmistelu oikeudenkäyntiin tai välimiesmenettelyyn

Non peer reviewe

Psychopathy and Homicide Psychopathy, Homicide, and the Courts: Working the System Not to be copied, quoted or distributed without permission from the authors Criminal Justice and Behavior, in press

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of psychopathy on homicidal post-offense behavior, denying the charges at court, appeals of the lower court conviction, and final sentencing. A sample of 546 offenders prosecuted for a homicide and convicted in Finland during 1995-2004 was examined. Their post-offense behavior, self-reported reasons for the killing, charges, sentences, and psychopathic traits, as measured by the Psychopathy ChecklistRevised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003), were coded from official file information. Offenders with high PCL-R scores were more likely than others to leave the crime scene without informing anyone of the killing, to deny the charges, to be convicted for involuntary manslaughter rather than for manslaughter or murder, and to receive permission from the Supreme Court to appeal their lower court sentence. Given the risk that psychopathic offenders pose for violent crime, the finding that they are able to manipulate the criminal justice system is cause for concern

Violence victimization among Finnish university students: Prevalence, symptoms and healthcare usage

The present study examined the prevalence of various forms of violence victimization among university students in Finland. Violence victimization was analyzed in relation to physical and mental health symptoms, and the use of student healthcare services. A cross-sectional Student Health Survey was performed as a national postal survey for Finnish university students in 2004. In the next phase of the study, an additional postal survey regarding violence victimization was sent to those who had answered the original survey, which resulted in a sample of 905 students. It was found that violence victimization and violence-related health issues were markedly prevalent among Finnish university students. The students reported multiple forms of violence and injury demonstrating the diversity of violence victimization. Male and female victims differed both in the amount and type of symptoms, and in their relationship to the abuser/offender. Violence victimization and gender had a significant main effect on specific symptoms, while no interaction effect was found. The data also showed that violence victimization is overrepresented among frequent healthcare users. These findings have implications for clinical practice and public policy. The present findings provide useful information for policy makers and healthcare professionals concerning the health effects of violence in accordance with the use of healthcare services. More specifically, this information should be taken into consideration when planning student healthcare and could serve as a guideline for student healthcare management.Finland Violence victimization Students Healthcare usage Screening Gender Young people

Miten koronakriisi vaikuttaa terveydenhuollon työntekijöiden psyykkiseen hyvinvointiin?

Vertaisarvioitu. English summary.• Koronakriisissä työskentelevien terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten psyykkisen stressin ja sairastavuuden riski on huomattava. • Ulkomaisten tutkimusten mukaan psyykkiseen sairastavuuteen ovat voimakkaimmin yhteydessä huoli ja pelko tartunnasta, ns. etulinjassa työskenteleminen, epidemian alkuvaiheessa työskenteleminen ja kokemuksen puute. • Moraalisen vamman kokemus ja sen vaikutus psyykkiseen sairastavuuteen on huomioitava ongelmien ehkäisyssä. • Etänä toteutettavat psykoterapiat ja työnohjaukset mahdollistavat nopean avun saamisen psyykkisiin oireisiin.Peer reviewe

The prevalence of stalking among finnish university students

The present study examined the prevalence and nature of stalking among university students in Finland. The prevalence of stalking was analyzed in relation to stalking episodes, violent stalking victimization, the stalker-victim relationship, and stalking duration. A group of Finnish university students were contacted by e-mail and asked to participate in a stalking survey. In total, 615 students participated. Almost one fourth of the respondents (22.3%) had experienced one episode (i.e., period of time) of stalking, and more than one fourth (26.2%) reported being stalked two or more episodes (i.e., periods of time) in their lifetime. More than half (55%) of the stalkers were acquaintances, 25% were ex-partners, and 19% were strangers. The mean duration of stalking was 10 months. Stalking duration was significantly associated with stalker gender and prior victim-stalker relationship. Almost half of those being stalked (46%) had been exposed to violent or threatening behavior. Ex-partner stalkers were most likely to use violence as well as a wide range of violent stalking methods. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant independent associations between stalking violence and stalking behaviors. Stalking is highly prevalent among Finnish university students; it is maintained, on average, for a relatively long period; and it often includes some form of violence and/or threats. The results suggest that health care professionals require screening methods and schooling concerning stalking. © 2010 The Author(s)