Challenges, Innovative Architectures and Control Strategies for Future Networks: The Web-of-Cells, Fractal Grids and Other Concepts

International audienceThe large-scale deployment of distributed generation including intermittent renewable energy sources introduces several challenges to power systems operation and planning. Although power systems often evolve in a fairly incremental way to meet these challenges, the ambitious objectives for RES development in the next decades (2030-2050), together with the deployment of storage options and active demand, indicate that a more essential paradigm change shift may be required. This paper presents the future challenges and the state of the art of research works that study new concepts for the power systems of the future, with a particular focus on the Web-of-Cells concept, multi-microgrids, the fractal grid approach and autonomic power systems

Industrial Informatics DG DemoNet-Concept- A new Algorithm for active Distribution Grid Operation facilitating high DG penetration

Abstract—While distributed generation (DG) from renewable energy resources is seen as key element of future energy supply, current electricity grids are not designed to integrate a steadily increasing share of distributed generators. The hierarchical network topology was designed for unidirectional power flows and passive operation. In order to avoid excessively expensive grid reinforcements, new solutions for active grid operation will be necessary. This paper introduces a set of innovative technical measures that allow a higher DG penetration within the grid. A new control algorithm for coordinated voltage control in an active distribution grid featuring these measures is proposed. Simulation results for an application of the algorithm in an actual Austrian distribution grid segment are presented. I

Grid of the future and the need for a decentralised control architecture: the web-of-cells concept

Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Institution of Engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.This study describes a decentralised control scheme for reserves activations in the future (2030+) power system. The proposed web-of-cells (WoC) concept has been developed within the European ELECTRA Integrated Research Programme on smart grids. The concept proposes a decentralised control scheme, focusing on local inter-cell tie-line power flow deviations. The WoC concept, the different roles, and the associated control scheme are described and discussed in detail here, including an outlook of validating its robustness and responsiveness.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007– 2013) under the ELECTRA project (grant agreement no. 609687; website www.ElectraIRP.eu).Peer reviewe

ICT-based solutions supporting energy systems for Smart Cities

This chapter describes ICT solutions for planning, maintaining and assessing urban energy systems. There is no single urban energy system, but - like the city itself - a system of sub-systems with different scales, spatially ranging from buildings to blocks, districts and to the city, temporally ranging from real time data to hourly, daily, monthly and finally annual totals. ICT support must consider these different sub-systems which makes necessary dividing the chapter into different sections. The chapter starts with framework conditions and general requirements for ICT solutions, and continues discussing urban development simulating models. Then decision support tools are described for energy supply and demand as well as for energy efficiency improvement assessment. Later further instruments for Smart Grid-, district heating- and cooling-planning, as well as demand side management are addressed. In the final section tools are discussed for building automation systems as smallest physical entity within the urban energy system.</p

Laboratory infrastructure driven key performance indicator development using the smart grid architecture model

This study presents a methodology for collaboratively designing laboratory experiments and developing key performance indicators for the testing and validation of novel power system control architectures in multiple laboratory environments. The contribution makes use of the smart grid architecture model as it facilitates the integration of individually developed control functions into a consolidated solution for laboratory validation and testing. The experimental results obtained across multiple laboratories can be efficiently compared, when the proposed methodology is adopted and thus the study offers means of support for improved cooperation in smart grid validation and round robin testing.The work in this paper has been supported by the European Commission under the FP7 ELECTRA IRP (grant no: 609687)

Applying the Smart Grid Architecture Model for Designing and Validating System-of-Systems in the Power and Energy Domain: A European Perspective

The continuously increasing complexity of modern and sustainable power and energy systems leads to a wide range of solutions developed by industry and academia. To manage such complex system-of-systems, proper engineering and validation approaches, methods, concepts, and corresponding tools are necessary. The Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM), an approach that has been developed during the last couple of years, provides a very good and structured basis for the design, development, and validation of new solutions and technologies. This review therefore provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art and related work for the theory, distribution, and use of the aforementioned architectural concept. The article itself provides an overview of the overall method and introduces the theoretical fundamentals behind this approach. Its usage is demonstrated in several European and national research and development projects. Finally, an outlook about future trends, potential adaptations, and extensions is provided as well

ICT-based solutions supporting energy systems for Smart Cities

This chapter describes ICT solutions for planning, maintaining and assessing urban energy systems. There is no single urban energy system, but - like the city itself - a system of sub-systems with different scales, spatially ranging from buildings to blocks, districts and to the city, temporally ranging from real time data to hourly, daily, monthly and finally annual totals. ICT support must consider these different sub-systems which makes necessary dividing the chapter into different sections. The chapter starts with framework conditions and general requirements for ICT solutions, and continues discussing urban development simulating models. Then decision support tools are described for energy supply and demand as well as for energy efficiency improvement assessment. Later further instruments for Smart Grid-, district heating- and cooling-planning, as well as demand side management are addressed. In the final section tools are discussed for building automation systems as smallest physical entity within the urban energy system.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid

Towards Holistic Power Distribution System Validation and Testing – An Overview and Discussion of Different Possibilities

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