There is no such thing as a journal paper

Ford, Harding, Gilmore and Richardson’s ‘Becoming the leader: leadership as material presence’, was accepted for publication in Organization Studies in late 2016. The paper conforms with the dominant format for academic journal papers. It: outlines how the idea for the study on which the paper is based was arrived at, lists its aims and objectives, discusses its methodology and methods, has a long section labelled ‘data analysis’, a discussion that develops a theory arising out of the data analysis, and a short conclusion looking forward to future work. It gives the impression of a smooth passage from inception of an idea about a topic that needs to be researched through the fieldwork to the paper’s publication. Because Organization Studies is listed as 4* in the Chartered Association of Business Schools (CABS) journal rankings list, a considerable proportion of the paper is devoted to the methodology of the study, and to its theoretical location. We are quite proud of these – we developed a method for interviewing people that helps them articulate abstract ideas, and we brought together new materialities theory, notably the work of Karen Barad, with psychoanalytical theory, through the work of Christopher Bollas. But we do not say that we are proud nor, even in this age of mandatory reflexivity, is there any hint of the authors having hinterlands, or lives outside academia that might have impacted the development of these ideas or the ways by which they were realised in this work. Furthermore, the implicit claim of smooth transition from idea to publication is a blatant lie. To say that the paper smooths over a rather complex and bumpy path to the final, published version would be to engage in whatever is the opposite of hyperbole. Karen Barad’s (2007) description of entities as enormously complex, mutually-constitutive entanglements is a better description of the processes that led to that paper’s publication. This chapter uses the history of writing that paper to undermine the concept of the 'acceptable' journal paper. <br/

"A goodly heritage" : Queen's Gardens, Dunedin, 1800-1927 : an urban landscape biography

This work is a landscape study of the Queen's Gardens Public Reserve in Dunedin from the early nineteenth century to the end of the First World War. Originally the 'gateway' to Dunedin, this historic precinct is a good example of urban cultural landscape, containing a historic and commemorative record of community and individual activities. The Queen's Gardens area has played a key role in the history and development of the city of Dunedin, and contains many excellent examples of built heritage, much of which remains intact and currently in use. Urban landscapes are generally on a smaller scale than rural and regional-scale landscapes. However, their designs and histories also constitute a record of active and dynamic interaction between people and place. Whether representative of economic, industrial or political activities, domesticity, leisure, or the m1s, the material culture of urban landscapes conveys information concerning, community cultural values, civic infrastructure, significant events and activities, which can be traced through their various stylistic changes, modifications and successional uses, and interpreted within their historical social context. The aim of this study has been to interpret the landscape of Queen's Gardens as a record of the establishment and evolution of cultural ideas, values, and notions of group identity, and to use this process to discover the heritage values that it has acquired, and the ways in which these are recognised. I build up a picture of the landscape in four chronological stages, looking at the relationships between material objects in these spaces, and the ideas and values that they represented. I trace the development of the Reserve and the creation of its cultural heritage through successive phases from the pre-land, pre-European period, early settlement, the land reclamation process, and the changing layouts and uses of space between the early nineteenth century and the end of the 1920s. By separating and examining each layer of landscape in chronological sequence, I uncover the cultural history of the landscape, and identify the traditions and aspirations of the people and groups who formed, manipulated and used it. The progressive series of significant and dynamic changes in form, function and ideology that this area underwent throughout it formative years contributed greatly to the growth and development of Dunedin, and reflected many of the social values and perspectives of colonial culture. This work is an exercise in reading a cultural heritage landscape, not only through its material culture, documentary history, and progressions of form, but also its established traditions, and the variety of personalities, contrasting perspectives and stories that contributed to these. By synthesising the resulting data, interweaving the different strands of approach and materials of evidence into a holistic picture, I have shown how heritage meaning was progressively deposited and embedded in this urban landscape as it developed. This study demonstrates that the landscape interpretive approach can be applied to an urban context with a shorter and more specific cultural sequence, and that a New Zealand urban landscape can provide a valuable insight to the social and cultural attitudes of the colonial past

Gendering Pacification : Policing Women at Anti-Fracking Protests

This article seeks to consider the policing of anti-fracking protests at Barton Moss, Salford from November 2013 to April 2014.We argue that women at Barton Moss were considered, by the police, to be transgressing the socio-geographical boundaries which establish the dominant cultural and social order, and were thus responded to as disruptive and disorderly subjects. The article draws upon recent work on pacification, which views police power as having both destructive and productive dimensions, to consider the impact of police violence on women involved in protest. We seek to explore the ways in which this violence impacts not only on those involved in protest but also those on the peripheries. The article suggests that the threat and use of sexual violence by police towards women aims to enforce compliance within the protest movement and to send a message, specifically to those on the fringes of the movement, that protest is illegitimate and inherently dangerous. As such, sexual violence forms part of the social production and construction of gender and is instrumental in the making and remaking of subjectivities. The case study suggests that police brutality towards women at Barton Moss, therefore, operated as a disciplinary function to regulate acceptable forms of protest and acceptable forms of femininity

Antibiotic Therapy and the Gut Microbiome:Investigating the Effect of Delivery Route on Gut Pathogens

The contribution of the gut microbiome to human health has long been established, with normal gut microbiota conferring protection against invasive pathogens. Antibiotics can disrupt the microbial balance of the gut, resulting in disease and the development of antimicrobial resistance. The effect of antibiotic administration route on gut dysbiosis remains under-studied to date, with conflicting evidence on the differential effects of oral and parenteral delivery. We have profiled the rat gut microbiome following treatment with commonly prescribed antibiotics (amoxicillin and levofloxacin), via either oral or intravenous administration. Fecal pellets were collected over a 13-day period and bacterial populations were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Significant dysbiosis was observed in all treatment groups, regardless of administration route. More profound dysbiotic effects were observed following amoxicillin treatment than those with levofloxacin, with population richness and diversity significantly reduced, regardless of delivery route. The effect on specific taxonomic groups was assessed, revealing significant disruption following treatment with both antibiotics. Enrichment of a number of groups containing known gut pathogens was observed, in particular, with amoxicillin, such as the family Enterobacteriaceae. Depletion of other commensal groups was also observed. The degree of dysbiosis was significantly reduced toward the end of the sampling period, as bacterial populations began to return to pretreatment composition. Richness and diversity levels appeared to return to pretreatment levels more quickly in intravenous groups, suggesting convenient parenteral delivery systems may have a role to play in reducing longer term gut dysbiosis in the treatment of infection

Policing unacceptable protest in England and Wales: A case study of the policing of anti-fracking protests

In recent years public order policing policy in England and Wales has undergone significant changes. A ‘human rights compliant’ model of protest policing has been developed since 2009 and this article makes a contribution to the body of academic work considering the impact of these changes on operational policing. Drawing upon a longitudinal case study of the policing of protests against ‘fracking’ in Salford, Greater Manchester, in 2013-2014, the article contrasts post-2009 policy and academic discourses on protest policing with the experiences of anti-fracking protesters. To develop this assessment, the article also draws attention to previously unexplored definitions of acceptable and unacceptable protest set out by police in more recent policy, and considers the extent to which these definitions are reflected in the police response to anti-fracking protest. The article suggests that a police commitment to a human rights approach to protest facilitation is, at least in the case of anti-fracking protest, contingent on the focus and form of political activism

Similar behaviour, different brain patterns: age-related changes in neural signatures of ignoring

We measured behavioural performance and fMRI activity whilst old and young adults performed a temporal segmentation task (‘preview search’). Being able to select parts of the visual world to be attended or ignored is a critical visual skill. Both old and young adults were able to improve their performance on a difficult search task when some of the distracter items were presented earlier than the remainder. Comparisons of brain activity and functional connectivity, however, suggested that the underlying mechanisms are quite different for the two age groups. Older adults' activation patterns do not correspond to those predicted by simple increased involvement of frontal regions reflecting higher demand with age but seem to suggest that changes in brain activation patterns propagate throughout the corte

Differences in reading background brought to first grade.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

HIV-related travel restrictions: trends and country characteristics

Introduction: Increasingly, HIV-seropositive individuals cross international borders. HIV-related restrictions on entry, stay, and residence imposed by countries have important consequences for this mobile population. Our aim was to describe the geographical distribution of countries with travel restrictions and to examine the trends and characteristics of countries with such restrictions. Methods: In 2011, data presented to UNAIDS were used to establish a list of countries with and without HIV restrictions on entry, stay, and residence and to describe their geographical distribution. The following indicators were investigated to describe the country characteristics: population at mid-year, international migrants as a percentage of the population, Human Development Index, estimated HIV prevalence (age: 15&#x2013;49), presence of a policy prohibiting HIV screening for general employment purposes, government and civil society responses to having non-discrimination laws/regulations which specify migrants/mobile populations, government and civil society responses to having laws/regulations/policies that present obstacles to effective HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support for migrants/mobile populations, Corruption Perception Index, and gross national income per capita. Results: HIV-related restrictions exist in 45 out of 193 WHO countries (23%) in all regions of the world. We found that the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific Regions have the highest proportions of countries with these restrictions. Our analyses showed that countries that have opted for restrictions have the following characteristics: smaller populations, higher proportions of migrants in the population, lower HIV prevalence rates, and lack of legislation protecting people living with HIV from screening for employment purposes, compared with countries without restrictions. Conclusion: Countries with a high proportion of international migrants tend to have travel restrictions &#x2013; a finding that is relevant to migrant populations and travel medicine providers alike. Despite international pressure to remove travel restrictions, many countries continue to implement these restrictions for HIV-positive individuals on entry and stay. Since 2010, the United States and China have engaged in high profile removals. This may be indicative of an increasing trend, facilitated by various factors, including international advocacy and the setting of a UNAIDS goal to halve the number of countries with restrictions by 2015