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Sociolog

Les limites de la révolution sexuelle. Grammaire de la culture sexuelle occidentale contemporaine

La révolution sexuelle a eu un succès restreint, qu'en est-il aujourd'hui ? La sexualité semble être surtout bloquée au niveau des fantasmes, et relativement peu pratiquée comme plaisir. Quelques explications sur cette faillite de la libéralisation des mœurs sont données : l'inégalité des femmes et des hommes, la naturalisation et la privatisation de la sexualité, la combinaison sexe/amour et l'ambiguïté face à la violence sexuelle. Enfin, une question est posée : comment débloquer les sexualités et envisager une société multisexuelle ?The sexual revolution has had a limited success, and what can be said of the situation today? Sexuality seems to be blocked at the level of fantasies and practiced relatively little as pleasure. Some explanations of this failure in the liberalization of morals are discussed: inequality of men and women, the naturalization and privatization of sexuality, the combination sex/love and the ambiguity regarding sexual violence. Finally, a question is asked: how can different sexual expressions be unlocked and a multisexual society be envisaged?La revolución sexual tuvo un éxito restringido, cómo evoluciona hoy ?. La sexualidad parece estar sobre todo bloqueada a nivel de los fantasmas y relativamente poco practicada como placer. Algunas explicaciones que conciernen a este fracaso de la liberalización de las costumbres son discutidas : la desigualdad entre las mujeres y los hombres, la naturalización y la privatización de la sexualidad, la combinación sexo/amor y la ambigüedad frente a la violencia sexual. Finalmente, una problemática se plantea : cómo desbloquear las sexualidades y considerar una sociedad multisexual

The pursuit of men: Male same-sex desires and practices in European history

The author provides an overview of the history of male homosexuality in Europe. The literature on this subject reveals significant move from pederasty to effeminacy, and ultimately, to relations between men of a similar age. The article points out a number of important historical trends, notably the growing criminalization of male same-sex acts since the Middle Ages. While their punishment has basically become less severe since the French Revolution, the number of cases brought before criminal courts has actually risen in many countries. Many people from the late 19th century onwards have viewed male homosexual behavior not just as a sin and a crime, but as a disease as weil. Others, however, began to think of male homosexuality simply as a variation in nature and started to establish emancipation movements. More recent developments indicate some progress in this direction, even if tolerance of male homosexuality does still not necessarily mean acceptance in practice.The author provides an overview of the history of male homosexuality in Europe. The literature on this subject reveals significant move from pederasty to effeminacy, and ultimately, to relations between men of a similar age. The article points out a number of important historical trends, notably the growing criminalization of male same-sex acts since the Middle Ages. While their punishment has basically become less severe since the French Revolution, the number of cases brought before criminal courts has actually risen in many countries. Many people from the late 19th century onwards have viewed male homosexual behavior not just as a sin and a crime, but as a disease as weil. Others, however, began to think of male homosexuality simply as a variation in nature and started to establish emancipation movements. More recent developments indicate some progress in this direction, even if tolerance of male homosexuality does still not necessarily mean acceptance in practice

Masculinity and Sexual Humiliation

During the eighteenth century, new ideals, theories and practices of masculinity and sexuality developed in the countries of Northwestern Europe. This article discusses these ideals mainly using the example of the life and the works of Marquis de Sade (1740-1814). While old ideals of Christian or noble masculinity demanded chastity or restraint and new enlightened ideals demanded vigour and control, de Sade's perspective stressing sexual humiliation was in stark conflict with both the old and new ideas on male honor, masturbation and same-sexual acts. The article discusses de Sade's life and some of his works before reviewing his philosophy and his views on masculinity and sexuality. lt ends with ehe importance of de Sade's work for the ideas and the culture of enlightenment.During the eighteenth century, new ideals, theories and practices of masculinity and sexuality developed in the countries of Northwestern Europe. This article discusses these ideals mainly using the example of the life and the works of Marquis de Sade (1740-1814). While old ideals of Christian or noble masculinity demanded chastity or restraint and new enlightened ideals demanded vigour and control, de Sade's perspective stressing sexual humiliation was in stark conflict with both the old and new ideas on male honor, masturbation and same-sexual acts. The article discusses de Sade's life and some of his works before reviewing his philosophy and his views on masculinity and sexuality. lt ends with ehe importance of de Sade's work for the ideas and the culture of enlightenment

Customer Service Retention – A Behavioural Perspective of the UK Mobile Market

Abstract Customer retention is essential for firms in the service sector and will subsequently receive a great deal of attention in the coming years. A large majority of firms are losing their current customers at a significant rate. UK operators lose over a third of their subscribers every year in spite of incurring large customer acquisition and retention expenditures. A study of customer retention from a variety of angles, including economic, behavioural and psychological perspectives, was rigorously carried out. It has been found that a majority of scholars explain customer retention from a behavioural perspective by using unrelated or indirect factors such as trust and commitment, price terms, and loyalty terms. It has also been noted that previous studies lack a clear theoretical background and a solid empirical proof to support their findings of customer operant retention behaviour. This study approaches the customer retention problem in the mobile phone sector from a behavioural perspective, applying the Behavioural Perspective Model as the main analytical framework. The model includes a set of pre-behaviour and post-behaviour factors to study consumer choice and explains its relevant drivers in a viable and comprehensive way, grounded in radical behaviourism. Many data collection methods were used to collect data from the study sample, including mobile contracts content analysis techniques, customer focus groups, and, principally, a customer survey supported by interviews with a number of managers. The data were analysed using different regression measurements to test the study model, and the propositions were constructed and tested quantitatively and discussed qualitatively. Analysis revealed that a customer will buy a mobile telecommunication package and engage in a long-term relationship with a supplier whom he or she believes will honour the relationship’s functional and emotional benefits; the consumer will be expecting to obtain such benefits when he/she buys, consumes, and has a positive experience of both the purchased object and the seller